不同氮、磷、钾配比对紫甘薯花青素积累及产量的影响

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.03.026

作物杂志,2026, 第3期: 204–209 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.03.026

• 生理生化·植物营养·栽培耕作 • 上一篇下一篇

不同氮、磷、钾配比对紫甘薯花青素积累及产量的影响

史婵¹(), 韩丽², 李秋卓¹, 张芳魁¹(), 曾秀丽¹, 李玉蓉¹, 张兴端¹

¹ 重庆三峡农业科学院， 404155，重庆万州
² 重庆三峡学院， 404199，重庆万州

收稿日期:2025-02-27 修回日期:2025-05-26 出版日期:2026-06-15 发布日期:2026-06-17
通讯作者: 张芳魁，主要从事甘薯与玉米育种与栽培研究，E-mail：315371322@qq.com
作者简介:史婵，主要从事甘薯育种与栽培研究，E-mail：451623140@qq.com
基金资助:
国家甘薯产业技术体系万州综合试验站(CARS-10-SYZ16);重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目“不同生育期与不同肥料浓度配比对紫薯花青素积累规律研究”(KJQN202201213)

Effects of Different Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Ratios on Anthocyanin Accumulation and Yield in Purple Sweetpotato

Shi Chan¹(), Han Li², Li Qiuzhuo¹, Zhang Fangkui¹(), Zeng Xiuli¹, Li Yurong¹, Zhang Xingduan¹

¹ Chongqing Three Gorges Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wanzhou 404155, Chongqing, China
² Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou 404199, Chongqing, China

Received:2025-02-27 Revised:2025-05-26 Online:2026-06-15 Published:2026-06-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

选用万紫薯56、宁紫薯1号、万紫薯16号3个花青素含量不同的紫薯品种，设3个氮、磷、钾配比1:1:1（B₁，均衡配比）、1:2:1（B₂，高磷配比）、1:1:2（B₃，高钾配比）处理，探讨在3种氮、磷、钾不同配比下花青素积累变化规律以及对地下鲜薯产量的影响。结果表明，在不同氮、磷、钾配比下3个紫薯品种平均花青素含量的积累变化趋势表现为B₂>B₃>B₁，高磷配比B₂和高钾配比B₃的趋势基本重合，都有利于紫薯花青素的积累，B₂在60、140 d时对花青素的积累作用更强。3个紫薯品种在B₂条件下花青素含量显著高于其他配比。鲜薯产量表现出B₂>B₁>B₃的趋势，且B₃与B₁在万紫薯56、万紫薯16号紫薯品种中表现为差异显著，在宁紫薯1号中表现为差异不显著。

关键词: 紫甘薯, 氮磷钾配比, 花青素, 鲜薯产量

Abstract:

To investigate the dynamic changes of anthocyanin accumulation and the effects on fresh tuber yield under three nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ratios, three purple sweetpotato varieties with different anthocyanin contents (Wanzishu 56, Ningzishu No.1, and Wanzishu No.16) were selected in this study. Three nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ratios were designed: 1:1:1 (B₁, balanced ratio), 1:2:1 (B₂, high phosphorus ratio), 1:1:2 (B₃, high potassium ratio). The results showed that the average anthocyanin accumulation in the three purple sweetpotato varieties followed the order: B₂ > B₃ > B₁. The variation trends of B₂ (high phosphorus) and B₃ (high potassium) were basically consistent, both were conducive to anthocyanin accumulation in purple sweetpotato, and B₂ exerted a stronger promoting effect on anthocyanin accumulation at 60 and 140 days. The anthocyanin content of the three purple sweet potato varieties under the B₂ was significantly higher than under the other ratios. The fresh tuber yield showed a trend of B₂ > B₁ > B₃. The difference between B₃ and B₁ was significant in Wanzishu 56 and Wanzishu No.16, while the difference was not significant in Ningzishu No.1.

Key words: Purple sweetpotato, NPK ratio, Anthocyanin, Fresh tuber yield

史婵, 韩丽, 李秋卓, 张芳魁, 曾秀丽, 李玉蓉, 张兴端. 不同氮、磷、钾配比对紫甘薯花青素积累及产量的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2026 (3): 204–209

Shi Chan, Han Li, Li Qiuzhuo, Zhang Fangkui, Zeng Xiuli, Li Yurong, Zhang Xingduan. Effects of Different Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Ratios on Anthocyanin Accumulation and Yield in Purple Sweetpotato[J]. Crops, 2026(3): 204–209

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处理 Treatment	小区藤蔓产量 Vine yield per plot (kg/16 m²)	商品薯率 Commercial potato rate (%)	小区鲜薯产量 Fresh tuber yield per plot (kg/16 m²)	折合产量 Converted yield (t/hm²)
A₁B₁	29.91±5.89aA	92.78±1.43aAB	54.07±0.83abAB	33.81
A₁B₂	26.00±5.67abAB	92.89±1.45aAB	55.52±2.53abA	34.72
A₁B₃	32.17±3.17aA	89.24±2.9bcBCD	51.39±0.76cBC	32.13
A₂B₁	19.58±4.88bcB	84.99±1.56dD	53.36±0.48bcAB	33.37
A₂B₂	17.21±1.74cB	88.23±0.45cCD	54.34±0.67abAB	33.98
A₂B₃	18.99±1.15cB	86.85±2.76cdD	55.24±1.9abA	34.54
A₃B₁	19.97±2.54bcB	94.48±1.7aA	54.93±0.69abA	34.35
A₃B₂	19.31±1.26bcB	91.50±0.85abABC	56.29±1.77aA	35.20
A₃B₃	19.99±4.1bcB	86.64±2.59cdD	48.15±0.79dC	30.11
A	20.35^**	18.22^**	1.59
B	1.35	8.99^**	16.64^**
A×B	0.43	5.19^**	9.76^**

处理Treatment	60 d	80 d	100 d	120 d	140 d
A₁B₁	16.34±0.54bB	18.49±1.02bB	22.16±0.69bB	36.76±0.41bB	42.88±0.24bB
A₁B₂	18.91±1.78aA	20.92±0.73aA	24.44±0.52aA	37.91±0.78aAB	45.13±1.70aA
A₁B₃	16.24±0.92bB	20.23±0.85aAB	24.10±1.01aA	38.45±1.09aA	43.88±0.45bAB
A₂B₁	8.63±0.52dD	10.00±1.74dC	12.09±0.53cdC	13.64±0.45cC	16.60±0.39dC
A₂B₂	9.29±0.81dCD	10.72±0.44cdC	11.38±0.59dC	13.74±0.31cC	17.90±0.62cC
A₂B₃	10.72±0.42cC	11.80±0.40bB	12.64±0.66cC	14.01±0.27cC	17.66±0.25cdC
A₃B₁	4.98±0.58eE	5.57±1.10eD	7.43±0.58eD	8.52±0.54dD	12.47±0.99eD
A₃B₂	5.03±0.40eE	6.00±0.38eD	7.55±0.54eD	8.58±0.56dD	12.00±0.80eD
A₃B₃	4.82±0.99eE	6.02±0.45eD	7.27±0.26eD	9.00±0.28dD	12.05±0.19eD
A	718.10^**	655.22^**	1443.80^**	5940.98^**	5184.06^**
B	5.68^*	6.93^**	3.32	4.42^*	4.71^*
A×B	7.98^**	1.82	5.02^**	1.29	3.04^*

不同氮、磷、钾配比对紫甘薯花青素积累及产量的影响

Effects of Different Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Ratios on Anthocyanin Accumulation and Yield in Purple Sweetpotato

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