马龙和沾益烟区土壤与烟叶铁元素分布特征及其对烟叶感官质量的影响

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.03.021

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究了曲靖烟区马龙和沾益2个县土壤与烟叶中铁元素含量的分布特征及其主要影响因素,分析了烟叶铁含量对烟叶感官质量的影响。结果表明,马龙和沾益植烟土壤有效铁含量较丰富,平均值为66.23mg/kg,变异系数为70.45%,有效铁含量不足区域占比较低,仅为7.17%,地区间差异显著;土壤有效铁含量与pH值间呈极显著负相关,烟叶铁含量与土壤有效铁含量间呈极显著正相关;烟叶铁元素含量对感官质量影响显著,随着烟叶铁元素含量的增加,烟叶香气质、香气量、余味、燃烧性和干燥感呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,烟叶杂气、刺激性、香型、成团性和柔和性呈先降低后升高的变化趋势。

关键词: 马龙和沾益烟区, 土壤有效铁, 烟叶铁含量, 烟叶感官质量

Abstract:

The distribution characteristics of Fe content in soil and tobacco leaves in Malong and Zhanyi in Qujing tobacco area and their main influencing factors were analyzed, and the effects of Fe content in tobacco leaves on the sensory quality of tobacco leaves were analyzed. The results showed that available Fe contents in Malong and Zhanyi tobacco planting soil were rich , with an average of 66.23mg/kg and a coefficient of variation was 70.45%. Areas with insufficient available Fe content accounted for a relatively low proportion of only 7.17%, with significant difference between regions. There was a significant negative correlation between soil available Fe content and pH value. There was a significant positive correlation between Fe content of tobacco leaf and available Fe in soil; Tobacco Fe element has a significant effect on sensory quality. With the increasing of tobacco Fe content, tobacco leaves aroma quality, aroma volume, aftertaste, combustibility, and dryness showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, while tobacco leaf offensive taste, irritating, flavor type, clumping, and softness first decreased and then increase.

Key words: Malong and Zhanyi tobacco areas, Soil available Fe, Tobacco leaf Fe content, Tobacco sensory quality

孙燕鑫, 李子玮, 张豪洋, 郭笑恒, 许自成. 马龙和沾益烟区土壤与烟叶铁元素分布特征及其对烟叶感官质量的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2021 (3): 140–148

Sun Yanxin, Li Ziwei, Zhang Haoyang, Guo Xiaoheng, Xu Zicheng. Distribution Characteristics of Fe in Soil and Tobacco Leaves in Malong and Zhanyi Tobacco Areas and Their Effects on the Sensory Quality of Tobacco Leaves[J]. Crops, 2021(3): 140–148

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分布区间 Distribution interval	等级 Grade	样本数 Number of samples	最小值 Minimum (mg/kg)	平均值 Average value (mg/kg)	标准差 Standard deviation (mg/kg)	变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%)	偏度 Skewness	峰度 Kurtosis
< 4.50	极低	2	0.92	2.31d	1.96	84.98	0	0
4.50~20.00	低	38	8.01	15.37d	3.12	20.31	-0.37	-0.69
20.01~50.00	适宜	214	20.30	34.27c	7.74	22.60	0.23	-0.97
50.01~100.00	高	200	50.02	68.95b	13.46	19.52	0.49	-0.78
> 100.00	极高	104	100.18	146.58a	40.10	27.36	1.31	1.36
总计Total		558	0.92	66.23	46.66	70.45	1.58	2.81

地点 Site	地点 Location	样本数 Number of samples	平均值 Average value (mg/kg)	标准差 Standard deviation (mg/kg)	变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%)	偏度 Skewness	峰度 Kurtosis
马龙县Malong	马鸣乡Maming	29	71.19def	46.57	65.42	1.04	0.05
	旧县镇Jiuxian	43	68.55defg	36.41	53.11	0.58	-0.69
	马过河镇Maguohe	24	79.13cde	45.44	57.42	2.33	7.05
	通泉镇Tongquan	33	97.38abc	56.13	57.64	0.75	-0.26
	大庄乡Dazhuang	30	105.75ab	70.94	67.08	0.98	0.05
	月望乡Yuewang	23	110.55a	51.63	46.70	0.89	0.98
	纳章镇Nazhang	21	96.60abc	51.83	53.65	1.17	1.15
	王家庄镇Wangjiazhuang	35	85.87bcd	61.70	71.85	0.97	0.33
沾益县Zhanyi	白水镇Baishui	40	60.86efg	40.91	67.22	1.66	3.04
	播乐乡Bole	34	44.36gh	25.00	56.36	1.24	1.78
	盘江镇Panjiang	18	35.81h	22.51	62.86	1.23	0.96
	西平镇Xiping	22	48.79fgh	36.97	75.77	1.46	1.48
	炎方乡Yanfang	46	47.28fgh	22.02	46.57	0.66	0.26
	德泽乡Deze	35	49.72fgh	33.58	67.54	1.44	1.79
	大坡乡Dapo	70	50.41fgh	31.36	62.21	1.53	3.74
	菱角乡Lingjiao	55	54.19fgh	31.87	58.81	1.16	0.68

土壤类型 Soil type	样本数 Number of samples	变幅 Range (mg/kg)	均值±标准差 Mean ± standard deviation (mg/kg)	变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%)
红壤 Red soil	342	0.09~159.37	50.52±29.72c	58.83
水稻土 Paddy soil	131	1.55~186.89	107.97±58.57a	54.25
新积土 Alluvial soil	45	0.51~233.90	76.00±46.31b	60.94
紫色土 Purple soil	40	1.34~131.14	52.86±34.75c	65.73

pH范围 pH range	样本数 Number of samples	土壤有效铁Soil available Fe
pH范围 pH range	样本数 Number of samples	平均值±标准差 Mean ± standard deviation (mg/kg)	变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%)
<5.00	88	88.05±43.48a	49.38
5.01~5.50	150	88.75±51.02a	57.49
5.51~6.00	116	74.26±45.68b	61.51
6.01~7.00	150	39.65±24.09c	60.75
>7.00	54	24.71±13.38d	54.17

分布区间 Distribution interval (mg/kg)	样本数 Number of samples	平均值 Average value (mg/kg)	标准差 Standard deviation (mg/kg)	变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%)	变幅 Range (mg/kg)	偏度 Skewness	峰度 Kurtosis
<150.00	6	136.30e	8.85	6.50	123.21~149.44	0.030	0.617
150.01~200.00	26	177.72d	12.51	7.04	153.93~197.90	0.082	-1.106
200.01~250.00	87	225.14c	14.01	6.22	200.87~248.76	-0.055	-1.161
250.01~300.00	73	276.57b	13.83	5.00	250.30~299.08	-0.179	-1.237
>300	182	389.75a	69.95	17.88	300.05~576.27	0.180	0.270
总计Total	374	311.25	96.36	30.96	123.21~576.27	0.593	-0.119