作物杂志,2016, 第2期: 3238 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2016.02.006
孙婴婴1,2,燕晓娟2,张岁岐2,3,王楠2,韩霁昌1
Sun Yingying1,2,Yan Xiaojuan2,Zhang Suiqi2,3,Wang Nan2,Han Jichang1
摘要:
为研究旱地冬小麦品种更替过程中产量与光合特征对群体大小的响应,选择1940-2004年先后培育的7个冬小麦品种,于2011-2012年在陕西长武农业生态试验站进行田间试验,并设置3个播种密度(100、250、350粒/m 2)。在所有密度处理中,子粒产量均随着品种的更替而呈线性增长,年均遗传增益在0.65%到1.29%之间。1980年后培育的小麦品种的产量对于播种密度更不敏感,具备更好的群体调节能力。现代品种收获指数和千粒重的提高与其产量的提升呈显著正相关。品种更替过程中花期旗叶净光合速率和叶面积指数持续增长,并提高千粒重,最终增加产量。花期时冠层下可见天空比随着品种更替呈显著下降趋势。在黄土高原的冬小麦育种工作中,应将耐密性、大库容、高光效的理想株型作为重要的筛选指标。
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