干旱胁迫下4种人参属植物抗性生理指标的比较

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2016.03.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

从生理机制上了解人参属植物抗旱性的重要内容,为其区域化种植和栽培管理提供科学的参考依据。以人参属4种植物三七（Panax notoginseng）、屏边三七（Panax stipuleanatus）、珠子参（Panax japonicus var.major）和越南人参（Panax vietnamensis）为试验材料,采用盆栽试验和自然耗水的方法,获得4个土壤水分梯度,测定叶绿素含量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性以及丙二醛（MDA）含量,对4种人参属植物的抗旱适应性进行初步评价。结果表明,干旱胁迫后,4种人参属植物叶片叶绿素含量均升高,且明显高于对照,干旱对这4种人参属植物叶片叶绿素的合成并未产生抑制作用;4种人参属植物的SOD活性均明显高于对照,其中珠子参和越南人参的SOD活性增加幅度较大;在重度干旱（RWC 45%~55%）时,与对照相比珠子参的POD活性升高,增加幅度为21.16%,其余3个品种均降低,其中越南人参的POD活性降低幅度最小;与对照相比,珠子参和越南人参的MDA含量均降低,变化幅度较小。综合以上分析,供试的4种人参属植物中珠子参和越南人参的抗旱能力较强。珠子参和越南人参在干旱胁迫下的SOD和POD活性升高或降幅较小,MDA的含量相对稳定,这些指标对其抗旱性贡献较大,可将其作为抗旱指标。

关键词: 人参属植物, 干旱胁迫, 生理指标

Abstract:

To understand the physiological mechanism of drought resistance objectively,and provide the references for regional planting and cultivation managements in the Genus Panax, potted nature water consumption experiments were conducted by using Panax notoginseng, Panax stipuleanatus, Panax japonicus var. major and Panax vietnamensis as materials. We measured the content of chlorophyll and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) under four soil moisture levels,and preliminarily evaluated the drought adaptability of these materials.The results showed that the leaf chlorophyll content increased among four species under drought stress,and was higher than the control group.The chlorophyll synthesis was not been suppressed under drought stress, which was taken as a physiological strategy to adaption under drought stress.SOD activity was significantly increased in all four species compared to the control,and SOD activity in P. japonicus var. major and P.vietnamensis was increased greatly.Under severe drought conditions (RWC45%-55%),POD activity was increased in P. japonicus var. major with a increasing rate of 21.16%, and that of other species was decreased. POD activity in P.vietnamensis was less decreased. MDA content in P. japonicus var. major and P.vietnamensis was decreased compared to the control,but their changing scale was small.After the analysis, it could be seen that P. japonicus var. major and P.vietnamensis had higher drought resistant capability in all four species.Under drought stress, the activity of SOD and POD was increased or minor decreased,and MDA content was relatively stable. According to these indexes contributing much to drought resistance,they could be considered as indexes of drought resistance.

Key words: Genus Panax germplasm resources, Drought stress, Physiological indexes

左应梅,杨维泽,杨天梅,杨美权,许宗亮,杨绍兵,张金渝. 干旱胁迫下4种人参属植物抗性生理指标的比较[J]. 作物杂志, 2016 (3): 84–88

Yingmei Zuo,Weize Yang,Tianmei Yang,Meiquan Yang,Zongliang Xu,Shaobing Yang,Jinyu Zhang. Comparison of Resistant Physiological Index among Four Species in the Genus Panax under Water Stress[J]. Crops, 2016(3): 84–88

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