Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 96-100.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.02.013

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Effects of Chemical Regulation on Wheat Yield and Quality under Different Soil Conditions

Wang Yujiao1,2(), Cao Qi1, Chang Xuhong1, Wang Demei1, Wang Yanjie1, Yang Yushuang1, Zhao Guangcai1(), Shi Shubing2()   

  1. 1Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
    2College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2020-12-04 Revised:2021-01-16 Online:2021-04-15 Published:2021-04-16
  • Contact: Zhao Guangcai E-mail:1120290382@qq.com;zhaogc1@163.com;shubshi@sina.com

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Abstract:

To explore the regulation effects of the combination of different soil conditions and different chemical control agents on the yield and quality of wheat, the effects of spraying water (B1), chlormequat chloride (B2), and duntianbao (B3) at early jointing stage on grain yield and quality of Nongmai No.5 were studied in black soil (A1) and alluvial soil (A2) through potted planting. The results showed that under the same chemical control treatments, plant height, spike length, grain number per spike, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, and protein yield showed A1>A2, and the grain yield and total protein yield under the conditions of fluvo-aquic soil were 56.0% and 55.1% lower than black soil. The contents of total protein and its components in wheat showed A2>A1. Under black soil conditions, the grain yield and number of grains per spike sprayed with chlormequat chloride reached the maximum, and the plant height and spike length sprayed by duntianbao reached the maximum. Under the conditions of alluvial soil, the total protein content of wheat grains treated with chemical control agents was significantly higher than that of the control group, among which the contents of albumin, globulin, and gliadin were B2>B3>B1, and the difference was significant. The combination of different soil types using corresponding chemical regulation is an effective way for high quality and high yield of wheat. Therefore, the combined use of chemical control agents under black soil conditions could significantly increase wheat yield and under the condition of alluvial soil, the combined use of chemical control agents could significantly improve wheat quality.

Key words: Chemical regulation, Wheat, Soil type, Agronomic traits, Protein content

Table 1

Basic nutrients of soil tested"

土壤
类型
Soil
type		 有机质
Organic matter
(g/kg)		 全氮
Total N (g/kg)		 碱解氮
Alkali-
hydrolyable
N (mg/kg)		 速效磷
Available
P2O5
(mg/kg)		 速效钾
Available
K2O
(mg/kg)
A1 58.7 3.3 276.9 38.1 228.0
A2 18.5 0.8 66.0 9.7 102.0

Table 2

Wheat plant traits and grain yield in different soil conditions"

土壤类型
Soil type		 株高
Plant height (cm)		 穗长
Ear length (cm)		 穗粒数
Grains per spike		 千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 产量(g/盆)
Yield
(g/pot)
A1 47.10aA 6.01aA 23.50aA 37.26aA 6.89aA
A2 32.65bB 5.29bB 15.22bB 26.00bB 3.03bB

Fig.1

Effects of different soil conditions on wheat grain protein content"

Fig.2

Effects of different soil conditions on wheat grain protein yield"

Table 3

Effects of different chemical control treatments on wheat plant traits and grain yield"

处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 穗长
Ear length
(cm)		 穗粒数
Grains per spike		 千粒重
1000-grain
weight (g)		 产量(g/盆)
Yield
(g/pot)
B1 45.87aA 5.86aA 19.24abA 33.37aA 4.87aA
B2 29.06bB 5.33aA 20.66aA 29.37bA 5.18aA
B3 44.76aA 5.76aA 18.18bA 32.16abA 4.84aA

Fig.3

The effects of different chemical control treatments on wheat grain protein content"

Fig.4

The effects of different chemical control treatments on wheat grain protein yield"

Table 4

Effects of different treatment combinations on wheat plant traits and grain yield"

处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 穗长
Ear length
(cm)		 穗粒数
Grains per
spike		 千粒重
1000-grain
weight (g)		 产量(g/盆)
Yield
(g/pot)
A1B1 52.08aA 5.74aAB 21.53bB 38.24aA 6.20bA
A1B2 35.70bB 6.13aA 26.32aA 36.15aA 7.70aA
A1B3 53.65aA 6.16aA 22.67bAB 37.39aA 6.77abA
A2B1 39.67bB 5.98aA 16.96cC 28.50bB 3.54cB
A2B2 22.41cC 4.53bB 15.00cdC 22.58cC 2.65cB
A2B3 35.86bB 5.37abAB 13.69dC 26.92bBC 2.90cB

Table 5

Effects of different treatment combinations on wheat grain protein content %"

处理
Treatment		 总蛋白
Total protein		 清蛋白
Albumin		 球蛋白
Globulin		 醇溶蛋白
Gliadin		 谷蛋白
Glutenin
A1B1 18.24cB 3.80bcdAB 1.92dC 5.44bB 5.97aA
A1B2 18.67bcB 4.16abcAB 2.16bBC 5.56bB 6.07aA
A1B3 18.41cB 3.41dB 1.97cdC 5.38bB 6.02aA
A2B1 18.30cB 3.60cdB 2.13bcBC 5.31bB 6.09aA
A2B2 19.70aA 4.58aA 2.43aA 6.34aA 6.24aA
A2B3 19.08bAB 4.22abAB 2.28abAB 5.69bB 6.39aA

Table 6

Effects of different treatment combinations on wheat grain protein yield g/盆 g/pot"

处理
Treatment		 总蛋白
Total protein		 清蛋白
Albumin		 球蛋白
Globulin		 醇溶蛋白
Gliadin		 谷蛋白
Glutenin
A1B1 1.13bB 0.23bB 0.12bBC 0.43aA 0.37bA
A1B2 1.44aA 0.32aA 0.17aA 0.49aA 0.47aA
A1B3 1.25bAB 0.23bB 0.13bAB 0.44aA 0.41abA
A2B1 0.65cC 0.13cC 0.08cCD 0.24bB 0.21cB
A2B2 0.52cC 0.12cC 0.07cD 0.20bB 0.17cB
A2B3 0.55cC 0.12cC 0.07cD 0.22bB 0.19cB
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