Crops ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 114-120.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.06.016

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Response of Nitrogen Accumulation and Translocation after Anthesis in Strong Gluten Wheat to Nitrogen Topdressing Period and Proportion

Liu Zhewen1,2(), Guo Dandan1,2, Chang Xuhong1, Wang Demei1, Wang Yanjie1, Yang Yushuang1, Liu Xiwei1, Wang Yujiao2, Shi Shubing2(), Zhao Guangcai1()   

  1. 1Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
    2College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2022-05-13 Revised:2022-06-16 Online:2023-12-15 Published:2023-12-15

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Abstract:

In order to explore effects of the topdressing application period and proportion of nitrogen fertilizer on the regulation of nitrogen accumulation and translocation after anthesis in strong gluten wheat, Taishan 27 and Zhongmai 578 were used as materials to analyze and compare the differences of nitrogen absorption, accumulation and translocation in wheat plants after anthesis under the five nitrogen topdressing ratios of 100%:0% (N1), 75%:25% (N2), 50%:50% (N3), 25%:75% (N4) and 0%:100% (N5) at jointing and booting stages. The results showed that the nitrogen accumulation, translocation, translocation efficiency and contribution rate to grain in the vegetative organs of the two wheat varieties after anthesis were highest in N2 treatment. The nitrogen transport of Taishan 27 was mainly contributed by the significant nitrogen transfer of stem+sheath and glume+cob in the middle and late filling stage and leaves in the early filling stage to maturity stage, while the nitrogen transport of Zhongmai 578 was mainly contributed by the significant nitrogen transfer of various vegetative organs in the early and late filling stage, and the nitrogen transfer of stem + sheath in the late growth stage of Zhongmai 578 was faster, which contributed to the nitrogen accumulation of grain. Under N3 treatment, the nitrogen transport and use efficiency of Zhongmai 578 were higher than those of Taishan 27 under the same level treatment, indicating that different wheat varieties had different nitrogen transport capacity after anthesis under different nitrogen topdressing periods and proportions, which was mainly related to the genotype of the variety. The grain yields of Taishan 27 and Zhongmai 578 were the highest in N2 treatment. The grain protein and its component contents of the two wheat varieties reached the standard of high-quality strong gluten wheat at different nitrogen topdressing stages and proportions, and reached the maximum at N4 treatment. Therefore, when the topdressing ratio of nitrogen at booting stage accounted for 25% of the total topdressing ratio, it could improve the absorption of nitrogen by wheat vegetative organs, the transport of nitrogen to grains after anthesis and the increase of grain yield on the basis of achieving high-quality strong gluten wheat.

Key words: Strong gluten wheat, Nitrogen topdressing ratio, Nitrogen accumulation and transport, Yield

Fig.1

Dynamic nitrogen accumulation in wheat vegetative organs after anthesis"

Table 1

The amount of nitrogen transported in various vegetative organs of wheat at anthesis stage kg/hm2"

品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 茎+鞘
Stem and
sheath		 叶片
Leaf		 颖壳+穗轴
Glume+cob		 合计
Total
泰山27
Taishan 27		 N1 30.52cd 42.42a 19.45b 92.39bc
N2 33.62bc 44.92a 21.63a 100.17a
N3 28.85de 39.21b 19.08b 87.13c
N4 26.62ef 36.01cd 18.09bc 80.72d
N5 24.43f 32.71e 16.32de 73.46e
中麦578
Zhongmai 578		 N1 34.88ab 39.58b 17.09cde 91.55bc
N2 38.62a 44.25a 18.75b 101.62a
N3 36.44ab 42.33a 17.88bcd 96.66ab
N4 33.00bc 37.63bc 16.41de 87.04c
N5 30.73cd 34.37de 15.81e 80.91d

Table 2

Efficiency of nitrogen transport in various vegetative organs of wheat after anthesis %"

品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 茎+鞘
Stem and
sheath		 叶片
Leaf		 颖壳+穗轴
Glume+cob		 平均
Average
泰山27
Taishan 27		 N1 61.21ab 67.46de 67.06ab 65.24b
N2 62.94a 68.99bcd 68.50a 66.81a
N3 60.91ab 66.39ef 67.27a 64.86b
N4 60.73ab 66.80ef 66.44ab 64.66b
N5 59.37bc 65.57f 64.79b 63.25c
中麦578
Zhongmai 578		 N1 57.40cd 70.28abc 55.07c 60.92ef
N2 59.24bc 70.90a 56.69c 62.28cd
N3 58.87bc 70.62ab 55.99c 61.82de
N4 57.23cd 69.95abc 54.37c 60.52f
N5 56.32d 68.86cd 54.35c 59.85f

Table 3

Contribution rate of nitrogen translocation from different nutrient organs to grain after anthesis %"

品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 茎+鞘
Stem and
sheath		 叶片
Leaf		 颖壳+穗轴
Glume+cob		 合计
Total
泰山27
Taishan 27		 N1 13.27cd 18.40ab 8.44ab 40.12bcd
N2 13.89bc 18.61a 8.95a 41.45abc
N3 12.25de 16.70cde 8.11bc 37.05ef
N4 11.56e 15.64de 7.86bcd 35.07fg
N5 11.28e 15.10e 7.54cd 33.92g
中麦578
Zhongmai 578		 N1 16.08a 18.24abc 7.87bcd 42.18ab
N2 16.76a 19.19a 8.12bc 44.07a
N3 16.19a 18.80a 7.93bcd 42.93ab
N4 14.75b 16.81bcd 7.34d 38.90cde
N5 14.50b 16.21de 7.45d 38.17de

Table 4

Effects of different nitrogen topdressing time and proportion on wheat yield and its components"

品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 穗粒数
Kernels
number
per
spike		 千粒重
1000-
grain
weight
(g)		 穗数
Number of
spikes
(×104/hm2)		 籽粒
产量
Grain
yield
(kg/hm2)
泰山27
Taishan 27		 N1 42.01a 41.90f 559.00d 8502.39a
N2 41.60ab 42.59ef 562.32d 8623.77a
N3 41.39ab 43.53de 535.64e 8348.30b
N4 40.43bc 44.32d 516.81ef 8012.76d
N5 39.66c 44.03d 503.97f 7802.99e
中麦578
Zhongmai 578		 N1 33.06de 45.65c 629.07a 8143.16cd
N2 33.91d 46.30c 636.58a 8485.67a
N3 32.59e 48.84a 600.56b 8204.80c
N4 32.12e 48.11ab 591.54bc 7782.37e
N5 31.94e 47.52b 574.03cd 7462.83f

Table 5

Effects of different nitrogen topdressing time and proportion on protein and its component contents of wheat %"

品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 蛋白质
Protein		 清蛋白
Albumin		 球蛋白
Globulin		 醇溶蛋白
Gliadin		 谷蛋白
Glutenin
泰山27
Taishan 27		 N1 15.54ef 2.39d 1.18cd 3.86ef 5.39e
N2 16.10d 2.40d 1.24c 4.08cd 5.45de
N3 16.18cd 2.46cd 1.26bc 4.27b 5.75c
N4 16.48a 2.57abc 1.37a 4.44a 6.11a
N5 16.32b 2.61ab 1.34ab 4.21bc 5.92b
中麦578
Zhongmai 578		 N1 15.20g 2.41d 1.08e 3.52h 5.22f
N2 15.49f 2.55bc 1.12de 3.66g 5.35ef
N3 15.66e 2.59abc 1.20cd 3.74fg 5.60cd
N4 16.24bc 2.63ab 1.25c 3.96de 5.73c
N5 16.06d 2.70a 1.22c 3.74fg 5.70c
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