Crops ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 174-181.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2022.02.024

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Effects of Combined Application of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Compound Fertilizer and Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 on Physiological Characteristics, Biomass and Quality of Pseudostellaria heterophylla

Jiao Songlin(), Ren Jianguo, Ouyang Hu, Ni Xianchun, Tian Maosong, Wang Junli()   

  1. School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University/Key Laboratory of Enviromental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education/Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Food Nutrition and Health, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
  • Received:2021-05-07 Revised:2021-07-22 Online:2022-04-15 Published:2022-04-24
  • Contact: Wang Junli E-mail:1542849350@qq.com;411395583@qq.com

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Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of different ratios of NPK compound fertilizer combined with Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 bacterial suspension on the physiological characteristics, biomass and quality of Pseudostellaria heterophylla, this study used P. heterophylla ‘Sanhong No.1’ as the material for pot experiment. The experiments including six treatments were designed as followings: CK (tap water), T1 (2.00g NPK compound fertilizer tap water solution), T2 (3×108 CFU/mL Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 bacterial suspension), T3 (0.25g of NPK compound fertilizer+3×108 CFU/mL Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 bacterial suspension), T4 (0.50g of NPK compound fertilizer+3×108 CFU/mL Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 bacterial suspension), T5 (1.00g of NPK compound fertilizer+3×108 CFU/mL Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 bacterial suspension). The results showed that, compared with CK treatment, T2, T3, and T4 treatments could significantly improve leaf nutrient element content and leaf defense enzyme activity, increase biomass and the contents of polysaccharide, amino acid, calcium and cobalt in roots, especially for T4 treatment being the most obvious one in the promoting effect. Compared with CK treatment, the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in leaves significantly increased by 82.14%, 54.55% and 94.16% respectively, the activities of SOD, PAL and POD in leaves by 50.20%, 19.72% and 40.24% respectively, plant height, average leaf area, fresh root weight, and dry root weight by 10.20%, 28.05%, 70.62% and 54.95%, respectively and the contents of polysaccharides, amino acids, calcium, and cobalt in tuber roots by 35.38%, 68.14%, 29.17% and 21.56% respectively were observed in T4 treatment. Additionally, compared with T1 treatment, T4 treatment also had the significant promoting effects on leaf nutrient element contents, leaf defense enzyme activities and root biomass. In summary, T4 was the recommended method of fertilizer application in the production of P. heterophylla.

Key words: NPK compound fertilizer, Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, Pseudostellariae heterophylla, Biomass, Quality

Table 1

The scheme design on the application of NPK compound fertilizer and Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 (3×108 CFU/mL)"

处理
Treatment		 组分Component 总体积
Total volume (mL)
KTS-1-1 (mL) 氮磷钾复合肥NPK compound fertilizer (g) 自来水Tap water (mL)
CK 0 0.00 200 200
T1 0 2.00 200 200
T2 200 0.00 0 200
T3 200 0.25 0 200
T4 200 0.50 0 200
T5 200 1.00 0 200

Fig.1

Effects of the application of NPK compound fertilizer and Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 bacterial suspension on nutrient elements content in leaves of P.heterophylla Different lowercase letters mean significant differences at P<0.05 level among different treatments, the same below"

Fig.2

Effects of the application of NPK compound fertilizer and Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 bacterial suspension on the activities of defense enzymes in leaves of P.heterophylla"

Fig.3

Cluster analysis of the application of NPK compound fertilizer and Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 bacterial suspension on the activities of defense enzymes in leaves of P.heterophylla"

Table 2

Effects of the application of NPK compound fertilizer and Bacillus sp.KTS-1-1 bacterial suspension on the biomass of P.heterophylla"

处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant height (cm)		 平均叶面积
Average leaf area (cm2)		 块根鲜重
Fresh root weight (g)		 块根干重
Root dry weight (g)
CK 15.88±0.26b 4.42±0.18c 18.38±0.44e 5.55±0.23e
T1 17.23±0.20a 5.36±0.20ab 29.08±0.54b 7.79±0.34b
T2 17.35±0.28a 5.25±0.19b 22.55±0.60d 6.53±0.26d
T3 17.98±0.29a 5.98±0.19a 26.88±0.52c 7.49±0.25bc
T4 17.50±0.25a 5.66±0.20ab 31.36±0.58a 8.60±0.19a
T5 17.02±0.33a 5.60±0.13ab 23.64±0.73d 6.84±0.24cd

Table 3

Effects of the application of NPK compound fertilizer and Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 bacterial suspension on the contents of polysaccharides,saponins and amino acids in the roots of P. heterophylla"

处理Treatment 多糖Polysaccharide (%) 皂苷Saponin (%) 氨基酸Amino acid (μmol/g)
CK 5.37±0.08c 1.37±0.01ab 45.92±4.45c
T1 6.69±0.32b 1.36±0.02ab 115.31±5.40a
T2 5.62±0.14c 1.38±0.03ab 60.20±6.56bc
T3 8.22±0.38a 1.30±0.03b 74.49±3.58b
T4 7.27±0.04b 1.33±0.03b 77.21±3.35b
T5 7.31±0.33b 1.49±0.05a 52.72±5.01c

Table 4

Effects of the application of NPK compound fertilizer and Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 bacterial suspension on the contents of mineral elements in the roots of P.heterophylla mg/kg"

处理Treatment 钙Calcium 镁Magnesium 铁Iron 锰Manganese 铜Copper 锌Zinc 钴Cobalt
CK 1 636.47±25.58b 1 020.84±13.54b 412.70±6.20a 97.47±4.44a 5.69±0.01a 30.59±1.13a 8.72±0.29c
T1 2 005.71±56.72a 1 076.05±9.44ab 407.95±7.29a 88.44±6.85a 6.66±0.48a 30.99±2.78a 10.11±0.24ab
T2 2 163.77±40.41a 1 116.01±26.50a 424.97±8.94a 92.75±2.83a 7.03±0.40a 31.41±1.93a 9.53±0.30b
T3 2 036.75±39.31a 1 062.97±27.69ab 430.02±3.27a 87.45±4.38a 5.86±0.41a 30.40±0.84a 10.45±0.23a
T4 2 113.75±45.46a 1 047.31±19.22ab 414.48±10.32a 95.93±4.16a 6.13±0.16a 30.96±1.27a 10.60±0.14a
T5 2 151.75±40.14a 1 079.30±14.58ab 408.35±7.98a 89.15±3.47a 6.00±0.15a 31.39±1.82a 11.04±0.05a
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