Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 249-254.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.03.034

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Breeding and Cultivation Techniques of a New Wheat Variety Ningchun 66 with Powdery Mildew Resistance

Fan Ming1(), Li Hongxia1, Wang Ke2, Tang Huali2, Yang Le1, Li Qianrong1, Ye Xingguo2(), Zhang Shuangxi1()   

  1. 1Institute of Crop Sciences, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia,China
    2Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2024-08-26 Revised:2024-09-25 Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-06-03

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Abstract:

Ningchun 66 is a new spring wheat variety developed by the Institute of Crop Sciences of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences and the Institute of Crop Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in collaboration. In its breeding program, a spring wheat variety Ningchun 50 was used as the female parent to be crossed with a spring wheat line CB037 containing the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm21 from Haynaldia villosa, and the hybrid plants harboring Pm21 or showing powdery mildew resistance and displaying good agronomic traits were backcrossed with Ningchun 50 for five times. The identification of powdery mildew resistance, molecular marker-assisted selection and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) of stable self-crossing offsprings, an excellent line NZ42 with Pm21 gene, high resistance to powdery mildew, and excellent agronomic traits in the field conditions were systematically bred via pedigree method and evaluated for yield performance in different years and different regions, which was approved and named as Ningchun 66 in 2022 September by the Crop Examination Committee of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. This variety features high yield, excellent quality, wide adaptability and high resistance to powdery mildew, and is suitable for simplified cultivation.

Key words: Spring wheat, Molecular marker-assisted selection, Powdery mildew, Backcross breeding, Ningchun 66

Fig.1

Breeding process of Ningchun 66"

Table 1

Yield performance of a new wheat variety Ningchun 66"

试验名称
Name of trial		 年份
Year		 平均产量
Average yield (kg/hm2)		 较对照增幅
Increase over control (%)		 产量排名
Yield ranking		 增产点次
Location numbers for yield increased
预备试验Preparatory test 2018 9148.35 2.27 5 2
区域试验Regional test 2019 7672.50 0.37 8 4
2020 8884.50 1.87 8 5
生产试验Production test 2021 8407.50 2.52 5 4

Table 2

Yield of regional test of Ningchun 66 kg/hm2"

年份
Year		 试验地点
Test site		 宁春66号
Ningchun 66		 宁春4号（对照）
Ningchun 4 (control)		 较对照增产
Yield increase over control		 较对照增幅
Increase over control (%)
2019 中宁 7212.00 7848.00 -636.00 -8.10
吴忠 7282.50 6807.00 475.50 6.98
连湖 8253.00 8238.00 15.00 0.18
永宁 7695.00 7282.50 412.50 5.66
贺兰 7656.00 7884.00 -228.00 -2.89
平罗 7933.50 7807.50 126.00 1.61
平均 7672.50 7644.00 28.50 0.37
2020 中宁 8514.00 8725.50 -211.50 -2.42
吴忠 9910.50 9660.00 250.50 2.59
连湖 8469.00 8268.00 201.00 2.43
永宁 8208.00 8130.00 78.00 0.96
贺兰 9009.00 8658.00 351.00 4.05
平罗 9196.50 8886.00 310.50 3.49
平均 8884.50 8721.00 163.50 1.87

Table 3

Identification of disease resistance of Ningchun 66 in field"

品种
Variety		 条锈病Stripe rust 叶锈病Leaf rust 白粉病Powdery mildew
病情指数
Disease index		 侵染型
Infection type		 病情指数
Disease index		 侵染型
Infection type		 病级
Disease grade		 抗级
Resistance grade
宁春66号Ningchun 66 10 近免疫 100 高感 1 高抗
铭贤169 Mingxian 169 (CK) 80 高感 80 高感 － －
京双16 Jingshuang16 (CK) － － － － 8 高感
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