Crops ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 72-84.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.01.010

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Comprehensive Evaluation of Growth, Development, and Selenium Response Characteristics in Different Tartary Buckwheat Germplasm Resources

Yu Qiuzhu1,2(), Qiu Junhua2, Du Hanmei1, Wang Anhu1()   

  1. 1Panxi Featured Crops Research and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Xichang 615000, Sichuan, China
    2College of Agricultural Sciences, Xichang University, Xichang 615000, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2024-09-09 Revised:2024-11-06 Online:2026-02-15 Published:2026-02-10

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Abstract:

The absorption of selenium by tartary buckwheat to form selenium-enriched characteristics is of great significance for promoting the high-quality development of the tartary buckwheat industry. In this study, 30 representative tartary buckwheat germplasm resources were selected to measure their agronomic traits, dry matter accumulation and translocation characteristics, as well as yield and grain trait indicators. Foliar application of selenium fertilizer was set as a treatment. Principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis, and GGE biplot analysis were comprehensively utilized to conduct a thorough evaluation of the growth, development, and selenium response characteristics of different tartary buckwheat germplasms. The results showed that significant variations existed among different tartary buckwheat germplasm resources in terms of agronomic traits, dry matter accumulation and translocation characteristics, yield and its components, and selenium accumulation, distribution, and enrichment traits. Furthermore, foliar selenium application exhibited a promoting effect on all measured growth and development indicators of the germplasm resources. Through cluster analysis, ten selenium-sensitive, 12 selenium-intermediate, and eight selenium-insensitive germplasm resources were screened. GGE biplot analysis identified YYMY002 as a germplasm with high yield, high selenium enrichment, and relative comprehensive superior traits.

Key words: Tartary buckwheat, Germplasm resources, Growth and development, Selenium response, Comprehensive evaluation

Table 1

Information of tested tartary buckwheat germplasms"

种质编号
Germplasm
code		 种质
Germplasm		 来源
Origin
1 川荞1号 四川昭觉农业科学研究所
2
 川荞2号
 四川西昌农业科学研究所高山作物研究站
3
 川荞3号
 四川西昌农业科学研究所高山作物研究站
4 西荞1号 西昌学院
5 西荞2号 西昌学院
6 西荞4号 西昌学院
7 西荞6号 西昌学院
8 西荞7号 西昌学院
9 西荞8号 西昌学院
10 西荞9号 西昌学院
11 迪苦1号 迪庆藏族自治州农业科学研究院
12 迪苦2号 迪庆藏族自治州农业科学研究院
13 云荞2号 云南省农业科学院
14 云荞3号 云南省农业科学院
15 黔苦2号 威宁自治县山地特色农业科学研究所
16 黔苦5号 威宁自治县山地特色农业科学研究所
17 六苦2号 六盘水职业技术学院
18 六苦4号 六盘水职业技术学院
19 赤苦2号 赤峰市农牧科学院
20 贵米苦 贵州师范大学
21
 凤苦2号
 湖南省经济作物发展中心，湖南省农业农村厅
22 定苦荞1号 定西市农业科学研究院
23 蒙苦12 内蒙古农牧业科学院
24 凉6A 四川凉山彝族自治州农家留种
25 昭苦2号 昭通市农业科学院
26 晋苦12号 山西省农业科学院小杂粮研究中心
27
 YYBM001
 四川省凉山彝族自治州盐源县白马乡农家留种
28
 YYMY002
 四川省凉山彝族自治州盐源县棉桠乡农家留种
29
 DCAN003
 四川省凉山彝族自治州德昌县安宁乡农家留种
30 九江苦荞 吉安市农业科学研究所

Table 2

Analysis of agronomic traits and selenium response of different tartary buckwheat germplasms"

指标
Index		 处理
Treatment		 最小值
Min.		 最大值
Max.		 平均值
Mean		 标准差
SD		 变异系数
CV (%)		 P
株高Plant height (cm) C 38.90 100.60 66.04 16.10 24.38 0.048*
P 45.94 102.66 74.67 16.08 21.53
茎粗Stem diameter (mm) C 1.64 4.40 2.75 0.65 23.71 0.060
P 1.87 4.88 3.10 0.73 23.56
主茎节数Number of main stem nodes C 10.50 21.60 15.02 3.14 21.24 0.673
P 10.60 22.00 15.35 3.41 22.61
主茎叶数Number of main stem leaves C 4.70 16.80 10.27 3.47 34.40 0.712
P 5.20 17.60 10.60 3.60 34.62
一级分枝数Number of primary branches C 1.60 6.10 4.53 1.19 26.61 0.764
P 1.00 6.60 4.63 1.32 28.83
二级分枝数Number of secondary branches C 1.60 6.50 4.48 1.12 25.48 0.324
P 2.20 6.90 4.75 1.13 24.24

Table 3

Analysis of yield, grain traits and selenium response of different tartary buckwheat germplasms"

种质编号
Germplasm code		 处理
Treatment		 产量
Yield (kg/hm2)		 千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 株粒重
Grain weight per plant (g)		 株粒数
Number of grains per plant
1 C1|P1 406.95|431.20 8.43|8.55 0.45|0.49 54.70|59.10
2 C2|P2 740.15|795.90 9.00|9.05 0.74|0.81 93.00|97.20
3 C3|P3 1252.30|1535.30 8.54|9.39 0.64|0.57 65.00|72.70
4 C4|P4 699.90|738.60 6.70|7.54 0.72|0.65 62.90|83.20
5 C5|P5 1273.25|1473.85 7.66|8.12 0.47|0.39 45.80|53.50
6 C6|P6 826.40|881.50 6.94|6.64 0.87|0.95 76.80|76.80
7 C7|P7 878.50|1038.40 6.29|7.31 0.81|0.97 104.80|98.80
8 C8|P8 691.05|725.15 7.57|7.40 0.61|0.69 59.70|59.60
9 C9|P9 503.55|530.80 8.86|9.61 0.34|0.39 34.10|33.90
10 C10|P10 512.05|638.15 7.25|7.21 0.69|0.68 76.30|80.50
11 C11|P11 670.75|864.45 7.70|8.66 0.65|0.65 77.80|79.40
12 C12|P12 701.60|1131.75 7.98|8.76* 0.67|0.67 73.60|73.60
13 C13|P13 972.55|996.95 8.36|9.89* 1.31|1.27 125.50|122.60
14 C14|P14 890.05|813.95 8.70|8.58 1.48|1.48 123.90|126.80
15 C15|P15 853.60|959.75 8.58|9.17 1.70|1.90 147.10|158.60
16 C16|P16 1674.10|1759.20 9.07|10.33* 0.65|0.66 72.60|79.90
17 C17|P17 829.30|757.75 7.43|8.17 0.64|0.68 68.70|73.20
18 C18|P18 1349.85|1597.10 7.84|8.47 0.73|0.74 77.20|82.60
19 C19|P19 1466.60|1585.80 8.53|8.49 0.78|0.82 83.20|83.70
20 C20|P20 369.10|374.25 6.82|5.11* 0.22|0.25 45.50|49.10
21 C21|P21 894.50|1093.05 8.04|9.97 0.39|0.48 52.50|40.40
22 C22|P22 452.15|451.45 8.48|8.44 0.16|0.23 26.00|19.20
23 C23|P23 1020.40|968.50 8.93|9.24 0.63|0.68 49.90|59.90
24 C24|P24 1167.80|1218.05 8.74|9.24 0.87|0.95 96.10|97.30
25 C25|P25 322.85|341.55 7.56|8.15 0.21|0.25 23.90|26.70
26 C26|P26 530.65|569.20 8.10|8.05 0.62|0.77 79.40|87.40
27 C27|P27 851.05|895.80 7.55|8.15 0.69|0.66 48.90|51.80
28 C28|P28 870.30|910.30 7.56|7.17 0.82|0.94 119.70|121.50
29 C29|P29 1011.75|1087.30 8.08|8.07 0.73|0.92 96.90|107.90
30 C30|P30 1032.20|1182.00 9.01|9.02 1.19|1.22 131.10|144.50
平均值Mean 857.18|944.90 8.01|8.40 0.72|0.76 76.42|80.05
P 0.342 0.113 0.666 0.692

Fig.1

Analysis of total dry matter accumulation and selenium response of different tartary buckwheat germplasms"

Table 4

Analysis of biomass, dry matter transport and selenium response in different tartary buckwheat germplasms"

种质编号
Germplasm
code		 处理
Treatment		 营养体最大生物量（g/株）
Maximum vegetative
biomass (g/plant)		 收获期营养体生物量（g/株）
Vegetative biomass at
harvest (g/plant)		 总干物质转运量（g/株）
Total dry matter
translocation (g/plant)		 总转运效率
Total translocation
efficiency (%)
1 C1|P1 4.12|4.63 2.46|2.69 1.66|1.94 40.29|41.90
2 C2|P2 8.57|8.87 5.57|5.68 3.00|3.19 35.01|35.96
3 C3|P3 7.88|8.63 4.72|4.64 3.16|3.99 40.10|46.23*
4 C4|P4 12.49|12.49 7.59|7.33 4.90|5.16 39.23|41.31
5 C5|P5 8.86|9.03 6.86|6.79 2.00|2.24 22.57|24.81
6 C6|P6 19.63|19.12* 17.67|16.9* 1.96|2.22 9.98|11.61
7 C7|P7 9.21|9.35 6.39|6.23 2.82|3.12 30.62|33.37
8 C8|P8 6.64|6.35* 4.47|4.31 2.17|2.04* 32.68|32.13*
9 C9|P9 6.62|7.22 4.90|5.59 1.72|1.63* 25.98|22.58
10 C10|P10 10.78|10.31* 8.38|8.02* 2.40|2.29* 22.26|22.21
11 C11|P11 9.13|9.12* 6.71|6.30* 2.42|2.82 26.51|30.92*
12 C12|P12 5.58|6.10 3.82|4.21 1.76|1.89 31.54|30.98*
13 C13|P13 16.63|17.02* 11.07|11.13 5.56|5.89 33.43|34.61
14 C14|P14 10.78|13.27 8.45|9.83* 2.33|3.44* 21.61|25.92
15 C15|P15 7.45|8.87* 5.63|6.73* 1.82|2.14 24.43|24.13
16 C16|P16 6.81|11.34 5.54|9.33 1.27|2.01 18.65|17.72*
17 C17|P17 6.59|6.80 4.10|3.76* 2.49|3.04 37.78|44.71*
18 C18|P18 10.44|10.46 8.69|8.38 1.75|2.08 16.76|19.89
19 C19|P19 10.79|10.28* 7.42|6.86* 3.37|3.42 31.23|33.27
20 C20|P20 9.59|10.46 7.27|8.01 2.32|2.45 24.19|23.42*
21 C21|P21 4.65|5.23 2.78|2.81 1.87|2.42 40.22|46.27*
22 C22|P22 4.52|4.32 3.15|2.90* 1.37|1.42 30.31|32.87
23 C23|P23 5.80|7.33 3.86|4.98 1.94|2.35 33.45|32.06*
24 C24|P24 4.08|5.97 3.17|4.59 0.91|1.38 22.30|23.12
25 C25|P25 4.83|4.36* 2.89|2.23* 1.94|2.13 40.17|48.85*
26 C26|P26 4.57|6.04 2.82|3.46 1.75|2.58 38.29|42.72
27 C27|P27 14.09|18.31* 11.98|15.45* 2.11|2.86 14.98|15.62
28 C28|P28 20.33|24.78* 15.09|17.84* 5.24|6.94* 25.77|28.01
29 C29|P29 18.50|20.62* 10.74|11.08 7.76|9.54* 41.95|46.27*
30 C30|P30 11.39|13.15 8.45|9.35 2.94|3.80 25.81|28.90
平均值Mean 9.34|10.31 6.75|7.25 2.59|3.07 29.29|31.28
P 0.454 0.625 0.009** 0.377

Fig.2

Analysis of selenium content and response differences in different organs of different tartary buckwheat germplasms"

Fig.3

Analysis of selenium accumulation and distribution in different organs of different tartary buckwheat germplasms “*”and“**”indicate significant (P < 0.05) and extremely significant (P < 0.01) differences, respectively. The same below."

Table 5

Analysis of selenium utilization, transportation, absorption and enrichment in different tartary buckwheat germplasms"

种质编号
Germplasm
code		 处理
Treatment		 硒利用系数
Selenium utilization
coefficient		 硒分配系数
Selenium partition
coefficient		 硒吸收系数
Selenium absorption
coefficient		 硒富集系数
Selenium enrichment
coefficient
1 C1|P1 12.22|30.64 13.92|44.18 2.88 3.54
2 C2|P2 37.12|40.19 59.02|67.21 28.21 12.03
3 C3|P3 24.94|38.24 33.23|61.92 9.60 7.71
4 C4|P4 20.38|24.66 25.60|32.73 11.08 4.35
5 C5|P5 38.34|27.34 62.18|34.53 18.02 1.87
6 C6|P6 18.86|25.52 23.24|34.26 51.23 19.20
7 C7|P7 19.31|38.41 23.93|62.35 13.93 19.73
8 C8|P8 34.97|54.11 53.77|117.88 15.92 12.85
9 C9|P9 34.58|41.81 52.85|71.83 18.21 10.22
10 C10|P10 33.62|35.82 50.65|55.81 26.93 10.47
11 C11|P11 17.97|35.76 21.91|55.66 11.62 5.44
12 C12|P12 26.32|30.41 35.72|43.69 8.51 2.93
13 C13|P13 32.69|47.99 48.57|92.26 36.85 29.01
14 C14|P14 27.53|36.03 37.98|56.32 34.21 20.86
15 C15|P15 38.59|37.81 62.85|60.77 47.46 17.54
16 C16|P16 32.96|43.33 49.17|76.46 51.40 27.59
17 C17|P17 32.32|40.61 47.75|68.38 29.93 13.48
18 C18|P18 38.16|42.86 61.71|75.02 29.54 14.20
19 C19|P19 39.31|51.76 64.73|107.31 32.76 20.76
20 C20|P20 11.32|27.01 12.74|37.01 13.23 5.57
21 C21|P21 41.16|45.88 69.97|84.76 1.25 1.22
22 C22|P22 36.44|39.83 57.32|66.11 8.53 4.27
23 C23|P23 38.88|58.20 63.60|139.23 13.11 10.40
24 C24|P24 35.67|45.76 55.46|84.38 26.21 15.88
25 C25|P25 37.61|43.31 60.26|76.40 5.06 3.45
26 C26|P26 41.42|45.34 70.72|82.95 12.97 6.22
27 C27|P27 18.49|25.88 22.68|34.91 58.05 19.36
28 C28|P28 27.31|25.51 37.58|34.25 66.96 14.63
29 C29|P29 28.64|24.62 40.14|32.66 47.49 9.32
30 C30|P30 25.57|39.01 34.35|63.95 23.02 12.64
平均值Mean 30.09|38.13 45.12|65.17 25.14 11.89
P 0.001** 0.002** - -

Fig.4

Principal component analysis and correlation analysis of different traits of tartary buckwheat germplasm PH: plant height; SD: stem diameter; NMSN: number of main stem nodes; NMSL: number of main stem leaves; NPB: number of primary branches; NSB: number of secondary branches; TGW: 1000-grain weight; Y: yield; GWPP: grain weight per plant; NGPP: number of grains per plant; MVB: maximum vegetative biomass; VBH: vegetative biomass at harvest; TDMT: total dry matter translocation; TTE: total translocation efficiency; SUC: selenium utilization coefficient; SPC: selenium partition coefficient; SAC: selenium absorption coefficient; SEC: selenium enrichment coefficient; SAP: selenium accumulation in plants; SAS: selenium accumulation in shoots; SAG: selenium accumulation in grains."

Fig.5

Cluster analysis and group verification of different tartary buckwheat germplasms"

Fig.6

Analysis of selenium response (a) and ideal germplasm (b) of different tartary buckwheat germplasms by GGE biplot"

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