Crops ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 163-166.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2016.03.030

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Effects of Filming Plus Cryoprotectants for Preventing Sunflower White Rust,Black Stem Disease and Yield

Chen Weimin1,Jing Jun1,Wang Jiehua1,Ma Fujie2,Liang Yue3   

  1. 1Xinjiang Yili Vocational Technical College,Yining 835000,Xinjiang,China
    2Xinyuan Country Agricultural Technology Promotion Station,Xinyuan 835800,Xinjiang,China
    3College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University,Liaoning 110866,Shenyang,China
  • Received:2016-04-05 Revised:2016-05-18 Online:2016-06-15 Published:2018-08-26

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Abstract:

White rust and black stem disease in sunflower are two kinds of new invaded quarantine diseases. Aimed at exploration of the production problems for planting and prevention measures of two diseases, filming plus cryoprotectants were tested to investigate the occurrence of two diseases in 2015 of Xinyuan country, Xinjiang. The results showed that the treatment of 2.5% fludioxonil seed FS+film+2 times of stem and leaf spray（The first spray on stem and leaf: 22.5% Dubangatuo SC150mL/hm 2+64% Shadufan WP150mL/hm 2, add water 225L/hm 2; The second spray on stem and leaf: 70% thiophanate methyl WP300mL/hm 2+64% Shadufan WP150mL/hm 2, add water 225L/hm 2）acquired the best control effect and a higher yield.This method is one of the measures used in the production of planting sunflower.

Key words: Dressing, Filming, Stem and leaf spray, Sunflower white rust, Sunflower black stem disease

Table 1

Test drug and dosage"

处理Treatments 拌种药剂Seed dressing agent 覆膜与否Covered or not 茎叶处理Stem and leaf treatment
1 2.5%咯菌腈(适乐时)FS按药剂种子质量比1∶400拌种 覆膜 第1遍茎叶喷雾22.5%杜邦阿砣SC150mL/hm2+64%杀毒矾WP150mL/hm2,对水225L/hm2;第2遍茎叶喷雾70%甲基托布津WP300mL/hm2+64%杀毒矾WP150mL/hm2,对水225L/hm2。
2 2.5%咯菌腈(适乐时)FS按药剂种子质量比1∶400拌种 不覆膜
3 满适金（咯菌腈+精甲霜灵）10mL对水100~200mL拌种6~8kg 覆膜
4 满适金（咯菌腈+精甲霜灵）10mL对水100~200mL拌种6~8kg 不覆膜
5 不拌种 不覆膜
6（CK） 不拌种 不覆膜 不进行茎叶处理

Table 2

All treatments sunflower white rust disease（three repetitions）average disease index and results of variance analysis（Xinyuan 2015）"

处理
Treatments		 6月19日
June 19		 7月1日
July 1st		 7月9日
July 9th		 7月21日
July 21th		 8月5日
August 5th		 8月18日
August 18th		 防效(%)
Control effect		 病情指数（方差均值±标准差）
Disease index(Mean variance±standard deviation)
1 2.10 7.66 8.52 10.74 11.56 13.33 17.42 9.5878±3.8553Cd
2 3.48 8.23 9.89 10.86 11.86 12.50 12.96 9.7062±3.6976BCcd
3 3.78 7.41 10.00 10.37 12.73 13.33 11.73 9.6546±3.6166BCcd
4 3.58 8.14 10.74 12.01 12.25 12.78 8.85 10.7596±3.6485ABCbc
5 3.43 10.25 11.12 12.30 12.56 13.10 3.86 10.8279±3.8882BCcd
6（CK） 4.81 9.25 10.80 11.79 13.48 15.15 0.00 11.1858±3.7395Aa

Table 3

All treatments sunflower black stem disease average disease index and results of variance analysis（Xinyuan 2015）"

处理
Treatments		 7月21日
July 21th		 8月5日
August 5th		 8月18日
August 18th		 8月31日
August 31th		 9月7日
September 7th		 9月24日
September 24th		 防效(%)
Control effect		 病情指数（方差均值±标准差）
Disease index(mean variance±standard deviation)
1 3.35 10.37 11.11 22.97 28.15 51.11 22.63 21.9587±17.6615Ab
2 4.52 11.85 11.11 26.67 28.15 52.59 17.86 22.8639±18.0527Aab
3 2.68 8.89 11.11 31.11 31.11 55.55 14.47 25.7923±20.8764Aab
4 3.12 10.00 11.11 21.48 34.82 58.52 15.33 25.0552±21.8749Aab
5 4.39 11.85 13.33 25.19 35.56 56.30 10.72 26.8692±20.8852Aab
6（CK） 4.59 7.41 12.22 28.15 37.04 74.81 0.00 28.4619±27.6390Aa

Table 4

All treatments sunflower average stem circumference and diameter faceplate and results of variance analysis（Xinyuan 2015） cm"

处理
Treatments		 茎秆周长Stem circumference 方差均值±标准差
Mean variance±
standard deviation		 花盘直径Diameter faceplate 方差均值±标准差
Mean variance±
standard deviation
重复一
Repetition one		 重复二
Repetition two		 重复三
Repetition three		 重复一
Repetition one		 重复二
Repetition two		 重复三
Repetition three
1 9.41 10.10 15.11 11.7852±3.1005Aa 16.91 17.45 21.28 20.2235±2.5925Aa
2 8.78 9.68 9.76 9.4067±0.5442Aab 16.05 18.64 19.53 19.6964±1.8510Aa
3 9.23 9.85 10.58 11.0098±0.7943Aab 15.20 17.55 22.00 18.5420±3.6159Aa
4 9.39 9.49 9.72 9.8384±0.1751Aab 16.82 17.33 18.48 18.3923±0.8821Aa
5 8.96 9.67 9.78 10.1887±0.2270Aab 16.93 18.23 19.58 18.5386±1.3874Aa
6（CK） 8.56 8.79 9.00 9.1786±0.2350Ab 16.98 17.39 17.02 18.6925±0.2436Aa

Table 5

Sunflower yield and results of variance analysis and yield increasing rate（Xinyuan 2015） kg/hm2"

处理
Treatments		 重复一
Repetition one		 重复二
Repetition two		 重复三
Repetition three		 产量（方差均值±标准差）
Yield(mean variance±
standard deviation)		 较处理6增产
Compared with the treatment
6 increase yield		 增产率(%)
Yield increasing rate
1 3 187.50 3 525.00 3 600.00 3 658.9157±244.6723Aa 275.37 8.14
2 3 375.00 3 243.75 3 525.00 3 563.9610±152.2857Aa 180.41 5.33
3 3 487.50 3 412.50 3 450.00 3 635.8822±57.7120Aa 252.34 7.46
4 3 525.00 3 187.50 3 075.00 3 219.7031±320.1084Aa -163.84 -4.84
5 2 906.25 3 093.75 3 375.00 3 143.7501±237.3479Aa -239.80 -7.09
6（CK） 3 187.50 3 093.75 3 300.00 3 383.5466±106.9405Aa 0.00 0.00
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