Crops ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 133-138.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.04.020

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Effects of Recommended Fertilization by Management Nutrition Expert System on Potato Yield and Fertilizer Use Efficiency

Liang Junmei,Zhang Jun,An Hao,Jing Yupeng,Li Huanchun,Duan Yu   

  1. Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, Inner Mongolia, China
  • Received:2019-01-11 Revised:2019-04-09 Online:2019-08-15 Published:2019-08-06
  • Contact: Yu Duan

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Abstract:

In order to evaluate the application effect of potato nutrient expert system in potato nutrient management in Inner Mongolia, a fertilization positioning experiment recommended by this system was carried out in Wuchuan and Jining, the two main potato producing areas in Inner Mongolia. The farmer's customary fertilization (FP) and soil testing and formula fertilization (ST) were used as controls. At the same time, the nutrient expert system recommended fertilization treatment (NE), no nitrogen fertilizer treatment (NE-N), no phosphate fertilizer treatment (NE-P), and no potassium fertilizer treatment (NE-K), the potato nutrient expert system were used to study the effect of fertilization on potato yield and nutrient use efficiency. The result showed that the yield of NE treatment increased by 4.22%-11.98% compared with FP treatment, and the yield increased by 0.34%-10.02% compared with ST treatment. Meanwhile, the fertilizer use efficiency of potato under NE treatment, especially nitrogen use efficiency increased by 17.29%-23.00% compared with FP treatment, which was 6.21%-21.26% higher than ST treatment. It was concluded that the nutrient expert system in the main potato producing areas of Inner Mongolia could improve the potato yield and fertilizer use efficiency by optimizing the recommended fertilization amount and fertilization method, and effectively reduced the risk of environmental pollution of potato farmland by the chemical fertilizer.

Key words: Nutrient expert system, Potato, Yield, Fertilizer use efficiency

Table 1

Basic physical and chemical characters of soil"

地点Site 有机质(g/kg)
Organic matter		 pH 碱解氮(mg/kg)
Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen		 速效磷(mg/kg)
Available phosphorus		 速效钾(mg/kg)
Available potassium
武川Wuchuan 19.00 7.97 77.7 21.2 101
集宁Jining 37.17 7.96 172.4 29.8 150

Table 2

Fertilizer application rate of the different treatments kg/hm2"

处理
Treatment		 2017 2018
N P2O5 K2O N P2O5 K2O
FP 240 150 180 300 205 225
NE 180 150 234 240 180 270
NE-N 0 150 234 0 180 270
NE-P 180 0 234 240 0 270
NE-K 180 150 0 240 180 0
ST 225 135 180 270 180 150

Table 3

Yield response of different fertilization treatments kg/hm2"

处理
Treatment		 2017 2018
武川Wuchuan 集宁Jining 武川Wuchuan 集宁Jining
FP 30.79±2.69ab 58.60±5.45ab 45.67±2.66b 35.56±1.28b
NE 32.09±1.92a 61.69±1.34a 51.14±2.44a 38.11±2.11a
NE-N 26.99±2.73c 45.88±2.72d 36.49±1.71c 30.31±3.41c
NE-P 29.22±2.30abc 50.99±2.54bc 40.22±0.39c 33.49±2.39b
NE-K 27.84±1.55bc 49.59±5.44bc 40.12±2.51c 34.17±2.69b
ST 30.88±2.90ab 56.07±3.61ab 46.89±1.67ab 37.98±2.48a

Table 4

Composition of each fertilization treatment yield"

年份
Year		 地点
Site		 处理
Treatment		 单株结薯数
Tuber number per plant		 单株薯重(g)
Tuber weight per plant		 商品薯率(%)
Commodity rate
2017 武川Wuchuan FP 3.8a 615.8ab 69.6abc
NE 3.8a 641.8a 74.7a
NE-N 3.6b 539.8c 61.4d
NE-P 3.6b 584.4abc 65.8bcd
NE-K 3.6b 556.9bc 63.8cd
ST 3.9a 617.6ab 71.6ab
集宁Jining FP 3.8ab 1 172.0ab 84.0ab
NE 4.3a 1 233.8a 88.1a
NE-N 3.3b 917.5c 74.8c
NE-P 3.5ab 1 019.8bc 76.9c
NE-K 3.1b 991.8bc 78.3bc
ST 3.6ab 1 121.4ab 84.3ab
2018 武川Wuchuan FP 3.1bc 913.3b 80.5abc
NE 3.8a 1 022.9a 85.0a
NE-N 3.1bc 729.8c 76.3c
NE-P 2.9c 804.4c 78.9bc
NE-K 3.4b 802.4c 79.9bc
ST 3.7a 937.8ab 81.9ab
集宁Jining FP 4.8ab 711.2b 75.8ab
NE 5.3a 762.1a 80.9a
NE-N 4.0c 606.2d 66.2c
NE-P 4.1c 669.9c 72.8ab
NE-K 4.3bc 683.3bc 70.4bc
ST 4.8ab 759.6a 79.9ab
平均Average FP 3.85 853.08 77.45
NE 4.29 915.15 82.15
NE-N 3.50 698.32 69.65
NE-P 3.50 769.64 73.57
NE-K 3.61 758.63 73.12
ST 4.01 859.09 79.41

Table 5

Effects of different fertilization treatments on nutrient uptake kg/hm2"

年份Year 地点Site 处理Treatment N P2O5 K2O
2017 武川Wuchuan FP 148.6±6.5a 63.8±4.2ab 185.1±3.9a
NE 167.9±5.7a 71.9±4.3a 201.6±12.5a
NE-N 104.0±9.0b 51.8±7.0bc 144.1±6.0bc
NE-P 114.4±7.0b 45.6±3.3c 145.2±12.5bc
NE-K 112.7±9.6b 56.2±2.7bc 106.7±12.4c
ST 158.0±7.2a 70.9±3.1a 178.7±12.0ab
集宁Jining FP 319.0±35.2a 89.5±4.2a 501.3±42.0a
NE 334.7±34.8a 93.1±2.2a 548.6±26.7a
NE-N 257.3±33.5c 73.2±4.4b 412.5±36.7b
NE-P 323.0±12.9ab 70.4±3.4b 509.7±15.2a
NE-K 278.2±36.9bc 70.5±2.6b 420.5±24.1b
ST 338.7±33.2a 90.4±10.7a 512.3±11.8a
2018 武川Wuchuan FP 243.2±9.0b 138.4±4.3a 509.1±17.7b
NE 274.4±9.6a 143.7±5.1a 556.7±18.7a
NE-N 161.7±4.9e 103.2±3.5bc 408.2±11.6e
NE-P 189.2±1.8d 108.0±1.0b 458.6±4.3cd
NE-K 194.7±12.3d 97.9±6.3c 423.8±27.1de
ST 223.3±5.3c 134.9±3.3a 477.6±11.9bc
集宁Jining FP 213.2±8.4b 94.5±2.7a 460.5±19.4b
NE 257.7±18.9a 95.9±7.0a 526.7±42.3a
NE-N 151.3±15.8c 70.7±5.7b 410.4±18.7cd
NE-P 255.6±18.4a 69.5±10.0b 437.9±43.8c
NE-K 216.6±33.5b 109.2±12.6a 400.7±35.0d
ST 254.2±20.5a 88.2±6.9ab 463.8±43.2b
平均Average FP 231.0 96.6 414.0
NE 258.7 101.1 458.4
NE-N 168.5 74.7 343.8
NE-P 220.5 73.6 387.8
NE-K 200.5 83.4 337.9
ST 243.6 96.1 408.1

Table 6

Effects of different fertilization treatments on nutrient utilization in 2017-2018 %"

处理
Treatment		 2017 2018
武川Wuchuan 集宁Jining 武川Wuchuan 集宁Jining
N P2O5 K2O N P2O5 K2O N P2O5 K2O N P2O5 K2O
FP 18.6c 12.1b 43.5b 25.7c 12.8a 44.9b 27.2b 14.4a 37.9b 25.8c 12.2a 26.6b
NE 41.6a 20.1a 48.9a 43.0a 15.2a 54.7a 47.0a 19.3a 49.2a 44.3a 14.7a 46.7a
ST 24.0b 16.4a 40.0c 36.2b 14.9a 51.0ab 25.7b 17.3a 35.9b 38.1b 12.5a 42.0a

Table 7

Effects of different fertilization treatments on agronomic utilization %"

处理
Treatment		 2017 2018
武川Wuchuan 集宁Jining 武川Wuchuan 集宁Jining
N P2O5 K2O N P2O5 K2O N P2O5 K2O N P2O5 K2O
FP 15.8b 15.1b 16.4a 53.0b 44.5b 50.0a 30.6b 35.0c 24.6b 24.2b 31.1a 18.4b
NE 28.3a 19.1a 18.1a 87.9a 71.4a 51.7a 61.1a 57.0a 40.8a 32.5a 33.8a 24.6a
ST 22.7ab 12.3b 16.9a 63.0b 37.7b 36.0b 38.5b 43.6b 45.1a 28.4b 32.4a 21.4ab

"

处理
Treatment		 产值
Value of output		 肥料成本
Fertilizer cost		 纯收入
Net income		 NE较其他处理增收
Increase income of NE compared with other treatments
FP 42 654.2 3 042.6 39 611.6 3 177.2
NE 45 757.6 2 968.8 42 788.8 -
NE-N 34 916.0 2 055.3 32 860.7 9 928.1
NE-P 38 481.9 2 173.5 36 308.4 6 480.4
NE-K 37 931.3 1 708.8 36 222.5 6 566.3
ST 42 954.7 2 588.5 40 366.2 2 422.6
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