Crops ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 158-166.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2022.02.022

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Effects of Foliar Spraying with Carbon-Adsorbed Polyglutamic Acid on Growth and Development of Maize

Cao Liru2(), Lu Xiaomin2, Wang Guorui2, Dang Zun1, Qiu Tian1, Qiu Jianjun1, Tian Yunfeng3, Wang Zhenhua2, Dang Yongfu1,*()   

  1. 1Henan Yuandong Biotechnology Limited Company, Zhoukou 466000, Henan, China
    2Grain Crop Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
    3Scientific Research Management Division, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
  • Received:2021-03-10 Revised:2021-07-12 Online:2022-04-15 Published:2022-04-24
  • Contact: Dang Yongfu E-mail:caoliru008@126.com;naian@126.com

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Abstract:

To explore the effects of a new type of carbon-adsorbed polyglutamic acid water-soluble fertilizer on photosynthetic performance, osmotic regulation, nutrient absorption and yield of maize. Zhengdan 958 (ZD958) and Zhengdan 1868 (ZD1868) were used as materials. Field plot experiments were carried out, set two treatments of spraying clear water (CK) and spraying carbon to adsorb polyglutamic acid (T) in jointing stage. After 15 days of treatment, the chlorophyll contents, net photosynthetic rates, water use efficiency, stomata, antioxidant enzyme activities, contents of osmotic regulators, plant nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents, 100-seed fresh weight and the yield of the two treatments were compared. Compared with CK treatment, T treatment significantly increased chlorophyll content, photosynthetic intensity, water use efficiency, and open-stomata number of leaves, the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, Pro content and the expression levels of key enzyme genes (ZmSOD, ZmPOD, ZmAPX and ZmP5CR). T treatment significantly increased the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents, 100-seed fresh weight and yield of maize. In addition, the gray correlation analysis showed that photosynthesis, open-degree of the stomata, the activities of antioxidant enzyme and the 100-seed weight were closely related to the yield.

Key words: Maize, Carbon-adsorbed polyglutamic acid, Physiology and biochemistry, Antioxidant enzyme, Yield

Table 1

Names and sequences of primers"

基因Gene 基因号Gene ID 正向序列Forward sequence 5'-3' 反向序列Reverse sequence 5'-3'
ZmSOD LOC103639134 CACCAGAAGATGAGAACC CATTGATATTAGCAACACCAT
ZmPOD GRMZM2G135108 GGCTTCTACGACAGGACATGC CAGGTTGCCTACCGTGTCG
ZmAPX3 GRMZM2G004211 CCAGATCTGCGAATAAACACAA AAATACATGTGCACAGAACTGAAA
ZmP5CR GRMZM2G06866 GCCGCCTGTCCAGCCTGTGC ATGGGCATTGGTTTGGAGCA
ACTIN 18S GTCCATGAGGCCACGTACAA CCGGACCAGTTTCGTCATA

Fig.1

Effects of carbon-adsorbed of polyglutamic acid on the growth and development of maize “**”indicates that the same material extremely significant level under different treatments (α=0.01, LSD), the same below"

Fig.2

Effects of carbon-adsorbed of polyglutamic acid on dry weight of maize"

Fig.3

Effects of carbon-adsorbed of polyglutamic acid on chlorophyll contents of maize leaves"

Fig.4

Effects of carbon-adsorbed of polyglutamic acid on photosynthesis of maize leaves"

Fig.5

Effects of carbon-adsorbed of polyglutamic acid on stomata shape of maize leaves a: CK-ZD958, b: CK-ZD1868, c: T-ZD958, d: T-ZD1868. Bar=200μm"

Fig.6

Effects of carbon-adsorbed of polyglutamic acid on stomata opening degree of maize leaf"

Table 2

Effects of carbon-adsorbed of polyglutamic acid on stomata density and size of maize leaves"

品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 气孔密度
Stomata density per
square millimeter		 气孔长度
Stomata length
(μm)		 气孔宽度
Stomata width
(μm)
ZD958 CK 252.00±2.12a 21.80±0.92a 5.91±0.42a
T 261.00±2.03a 22.10±1.12a 5.93±0.28a
ZD1868 CK 257.00±2.22a 21.90±0.94a 5.97±0.35a
T 264.00±2.27a 22.30±1.32a 5.95±0.51a

Fig.7

Effects of carbon-adsorbed of polyglutamic acid on antioxidant enzyme activities and related genes expression of maize leaf"

Fig.8

Effects of carbon-adsorbed of polyglutamic acid on Pro content and related gene expression of maize leaves"

Table 3

Effects of carbon-adsorbed of polyglutamic acid on mineral elements in maize plants mg/kg"

品种Variety 处理Treatment N P K
ZD958 CK 175.8 170.1 165.8
T 220.0* 217.0* 198.0*
ZD1868 CK 226.2 273.6 210.8
T 287.0** 347.0** 245.0*

Fig.9

Effects of carbon-adsorbed of polyglutamic acid on 100-seed fresh weight and yield of maize"

Table 4

Correlation degree and correlation order between photosynthesis and membrane system related traits and yield"

因子
Factor		 关联度
Correlation degree		 关联序
Correlation order
X1 0.95 1
X11 0.94 2
X4 0.71 3
X5 0.66 4
X12 0.63 5
X14 0.62 6
X2 0.52 7
X10 0.49 8
X3 0.48 9
X13 0.47 10
X6 0.42 11
X7 0.40 12
X8 0.40 13
X15 0.36 14
X9 0.33 15
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