Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 164-171.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.04.021

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Effects of Ethylene-Chlormequat-Potassium (ECK) on Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.] Lodging Resistance and Yield

Ren Liang1,2(), Fang Mengying1(), Wu Zhihai2, Dong Xuerui1, Lu Lin1, Yan Peng1(), Dong Zhiqiang1()   

  1. 1Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
    2Foculty of Agronomy Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
  • Received:2023-05-08 Revised:2023-11-13 Online:2024-08-15 Published:2024-08-14

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Abstract:

In order to study the effect of thylene-chlormequat-potassium (ECK) on sorghum lodging resistance and grain yield, field trials were conducted at the Xinxiang site of the Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2020 using the Liaoza 19 (LZ19) and Liaoza 37 (LZ37). Split zone experiment design was adopted, ECK spraying periods (jointing stage, booting stage) were the main zone, and spraying dose and variety were the secondary zones. Three spraying doses of 0.75, 1.50 and 2.25 L/ha (denoted as ECK0.75, ECK1.50 and ECK2.25, respectively) were set, while the control (CK) was sprayed with the same amount of water. The results showed that the ECK treatment significantly reduced the plant height of the two sorghum varieties, increased the leaf area index, and promoted above-ground dry matter accumulation during the sorghum reproductive period. Under ECK treatment, the length of 7th-12th nodes of two sorghum varieties decreased by 21.9%-36.5% and 4.5%-15.4% cmpared with CK, respectively. The ECK treatment at the jointing stage was significantly increased the width and breaking strength of the 7th-11th nodes, ECK1.50 and ECK2.25 increased the width of 7th-11th nodes by 4.9%-7.4% and 4.4%-9.5%, respectively, and breaking strength of the 7th-11th nodes by 9.2%-23.0% and 4.6%-29.9%, respectively, compared to CK. With the increase of spraying dose, sorghum yield increased first and then decreased. ECK0.75 treatment at jointing stage had the best yield enhancement, the yields of Liaoza 19 and Liaoza 37 increased by 3.4% and 11.4%, respectively, compared with CK. In conclusion, leaf spraying 0.75 L/ha of ECK at the jointing stage could improve sorghum agronomic traits and yield, and enhance the lodging resistance as well.

Key words: Ethylene-chlormequat-potassium (ECK), Sorghum, Spraying period, Spraying dose, Lodging resistance, Yield

Fig.1

Effects of spraying period and spraying doses of ECK on plant height of two sorghum varieties Different lowercase letters within the same growth period indicate significant difference (P < 0.05), the same below."

Fig.2

Effects of spraying period and spraying doses of ECK on LAI of two sorghum varieties"

Fig.3

Effects of spraying period and spraying doses of ECK on aboveground dry matter accumulation of two sorghum varieties"

Table 1

Effects of spraying period and spraying doses of ECK on the 7th-12th node length of two sorghum varieties cm"

处理
Treatment		 第7~12节节长Length of the 7th-12th nodes
7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th
喷施时期Spraying period CK 6.3a 8.8a 9.3a 11.0a 13.0a 13.7a
拔节期 4.0b 5.7b 7.0c 8.2c 8.9c 10.7c
孕穗期 5.8a 8.4a 8.4b 9.5b 11.0b 12.5b
喷施剂量Spraying dose CK 6.3a 8.8a 9.3a 11.0a 13.0a 13.7a
ECK0.75 4.5c 8.1b 8.4b 10.0b 10.1b 13.1b
ECK1.50 4.7c 6.7c 7.7c 8.7c 9.8b 11.0c
ECK2.25 5.5b 6.4c 6.9d 7.9d 9.9b 10.7c
品种Variety 辽杂19 5.7a 8.7a 9.1a 10.6a 12.1a 14.8a
辽杂37 4.1b 5.4b 6.2b 7.1b 7.7b 8.4b
变异来源Source of variation 喷施时期 *** *** *** *** *** ***
乙矮合剂处理 ** *** *** *** ns ***
品种 *** *** *** *** *** ***
喷施时期×乙矮合剂处理 *** ns ns *** ** ***
喷施时期×品种 * *** *** * *** ***
乙矮合剂处理×品种 ** ns ns ns *** ***
喷施时期×乙矮合剂处理×品种 ns ns ns ns ns ns

Table 2

Effects of spraying period and spraying doses of ECK on the 7th-12th node width of two sorghum varieties mm"

处理
Treatment		 第7~12节节粗Width of the 7th-12th nodes
7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th
喷施时期Spraying period CK 18.9b 19.1b 18.8b 18.2b 17.1b 17.2b
拔节期 20.7a 20.7a 20.2a 19.2a 18.3a 17.8a
孕穗期 19.3b 19.2b 19.0b 18.2b 17.1b 16.6b
喷施剂量Spraying dose CK 18.9b 19.1b 18.8b 18.2b 17.1b 17.2ab
ECK0.75 19.0b 19.0b 18.8b 18.0b 16.9b 16.6b
ECK1.50 20.3a 20.3a 20.0a 19.1a 18.1a 17.6a
ECK2.25 20.7a 20.5a 20.0a 19.0a 18.0a 17.4ab
品种Variety 辽杂19 19.2b 19.1b 18.6b 17.6b 16.5b 16.0b
辽杂37 20.8a 20.8a 20.6a 19.8a 18.8a 18.4a
变异来源Source of variation 喷施时期 *** *** *** ** ** **
乙矮合剂处理 *** ** ** ** ** *
品种 *** *** *** *** *** ***
喷施时期×乙矮合剂处理 ns ns ns * * ns
喷施时期×品种 * ** ** * * **
乙矮合剂处理×品种 *** *** *** *** * **
喷施时期×乙矮合剂处理×品种 ns ns ns ns ns ns

Table 3

Effects of spraying period and spraying doses of ECK on the 7th-12th node breaking strength of two sorghum varieties N"

处理
Treatment		 第7~12节压折强度Breaking strength of the 7th-12th nodes
7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th
喷施时期Spraying period CK 391.5b 351.9ab 283.0b 216.7b 178.2b 164.9b
拔节期 445.1a 394.4a 345.0a 283.4a 219.8a 196.4a
孕穗期 376.0b 320.2b 289.1b 216.1b 171.0b 165.2b
喷施剂量Spraying dose CK 391.5bc 351.9a 283.0b 216.7b 178.2b 164.9b
ECK0.75 394.6c 301.7b 265.8b 201.2b 163.4b 144.8b
ECK1.50 427.5a 395.2a 340.0a 266.6a 213.0a 199.6a
ECK2.25 409.6ab 375.1a 345.3a 281.6a 209.8a 198.0a
品种Variety 辽杂19 327.0b 258.7b 226.4b 173.1b 143.2b 130.9b
辽杂37 494.2a 455.9a 407.6a 326.4a 247.6a 230.7a
变异来源Source of variation 喷施时期 *** *** ** *** *** ***
乙矮合剂处理 ** *** *** *** *** ***
品种 *** *** *** *** *** ***
喷施时期×乙矮合剂处理 *** ns ns * * ns
喷施时期×品种 ns ns ns ns ns *
乙矮合剂处理×品种 *** *** *** *** *** ***
喷施时期×乙矮合剂处理×品种 ns ns ns ns ns ns

Table 4

Effects of spraying period and spraying doses of ECK on yield and its components of two sorghum varieties"

处理
Treatment		 收获密度（株/hm2）
Harvest density (plant/hm2)		 千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 穗粒数
Kernel number per spike		 产量
Yield (kg/hm2)
喷施时期
Spraying period		 CK 104 430a 28.6b 2780.1b 9713.4a
拔节期 106 200a 27.4c 3271.7a 10 057.5a
孕穗期 105 930a 31.9a 2389.9c 9283.5b
喷施剂量
Spraying dose		 CK 104 430a 28.6b 2780.1a 9713.4b
ECK0.75 104 970a 29.3ab 2838.1a 10 130.1a
ECK1.50 105 075a 29.9a 2682.6ab 9667.8b
ECK2.25 106 335a 29.8a 2571.8b 9161.8c
品种Variety 辽杂19 103 815a 30.8a 2543.3b 9466.6b
辽杂37 106 260a 27.9b 2893.0a 9869.9a
变异来源
Source of variation		 喷施时期 ns *** *** ***
乙矮合剂处理 ns ns ** ***
品种 ns *** *** **
喷施时期×乙矮合剂处理 ns ** * ns
喷施时期×品种 ns ** ** **
乙矮合剂处理×品种 ns ns ns ns
喷施时期×乙矮合剂处理×品种 ns ns ns ns
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