钾肥用量和追肥时期对抗黑胫病红花大金元烟叶化学成分及产量和质量的影响

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.03.017

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to explore the potassium fertilizer application technology of new flue-cured tobacco varieties resistant to black shank, Honghuadajinyuan resistant to black shank disease was used as the material, and a field experiment of potassium fertilizer dosage and topdressing period in Dali, Yunnan province was set up to study the effects of different treatments on the chemical composition, yield and quality of tobacco leaves. The results showed that compared with single topdressing, the leaf length of the middle leaf in fractional topdressing increased by 3.2%-5.3%, the leaf width increased by 6.9%-12.0%, and the potassium and potassium-chlorine ratios increased by 8.0%-11.3% and 13.6%-22.9%, respectively. The upper leaf length increased by 3.2%-5.9%, the leaf width increased by 9.6%-10.8%, and the potassium and potassium-chlorine ratios increased by 8.8%- 12.1% and 22.9%-41.3%, respectively. From the perspective of economic characteristics, the yield of topdressed potassium fertilizer increased by 8.1%-14.0%, the output value increased by 12.6%-21.8%, the average price increased by 4.1%-6.9%, and the proportion of medium and upper-grade tobacco increased by 4.4%-7.0%. In summary, the tobacco plant had a good field growth, coordinated chemical composition, and good sensory quality and yield with the treatment of 217.50 kg/ha potassium fertilizer dosage, 50% each on applying the 30th and 45th day after transplanting.

Key words: Black shank-resistant, Honghuadajinyuan, Potassium fertilizer dosage, Topdressing period, Chemical composition, Yield, Quality

Xia Yulan, Wang Dexun, Zhao Yuanyuan, Fan Zhiyong, Li Juan, Wang Ge, Zhao Zhihao, Shi Hongzhi. Effects of Potassium Fertilizer Dosage and Topdressing Period on Chemical Composition, Yield and Quality of Leaves ofBlack Shank-Resistant Tobacco Honghuadajinyuan[J].Crops, 2024, 40(3): 133-140.

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References 19

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处理 Treatment	钾肥用量 Potassium fertilizer dosage (kg/hm²)	追肥比例Topdressing ratio (%)
处理 Treatment	钾肥用量 Potassium fertilizer dosage (kg/hm²)	移栽后30 d 30 days after transplanting	移栽后45 d 45 days after transplanting
A₁B₁	217.50	100	0
A₁B₂	217.50	50	50
A₁B₃	217.50	0	100
A₂B₁	240.00	100	0
A₂B₂	240.00	50	50
A₂B₃	240.00	0	100
A₃B₁	262.50	100	0
A₃B₂	262.50	50	50
A₃B₃	262.50	0	100

处理 Treatment	株高 Plant height (cm)	茎围 Stem girth (cm)	腰叶长 Length of lumbar lobe (cm)	腰叶宽 Width of lumbar lobe (cm)	顶叶长 Length of top blade (cm)	顶叶宽 Width of top blade (cm)	叶片数 Number of blades
A₁B₁	81.77b	11.23b	71.23abc	33.67ab	63.38bc	22.92bc	14.90ab
A₁B₂	84.58a	11.75a	73.13a	34.60a	66.02a	24.58a	15.20a
A₁B₃	82.23ab	11.25b	72.82a	32.79bc	64.98ab	23.60ab	14.50bc
A₂B₁	81.65b	10.34d	69.54bc	31.47cd	61.96cd	21.08d	14.30c
A₂B₂	84.01ab	11.05bc	72.96a	33.74ab	65.16ab	23.62ab	14.40c
A₂B₃	82.12ab	11.18b	72.04ab	33.32ab	63.82abc	22.42c	14.50bc
A₃B₁	77.78c	10.93bc	68.53c	30.98d	60.34d	20.66d	14.50bc
A₃B₂	82.76ab	10.72cd	72.05ab	33.00b	64.85ab	23.08bc	14.20c
A₃B₃	78.92c	10.88bc	69.12bc	30.61d	62.28cd	22.80bc	14.10c
F(A)	34.78^**	41.42^**	12.03^**	46.76^**	16.68^**	40.99^**	33.15^**
F(B)	39.23^**	12.77^**	16.35^**	35.89^**	37.45^**	74.49^**	5.32^*
F(A×B)	2.15	13.64^**	1.51	8.01^**	1.13	3.30^*	7.18^**

处理 Treatment	产量 Yield (kg/hm²)	产值（元/hm²） Output value (yuan/hm²)	均价（元/kg） Mean price (yuan/kg)	中上等烟比例 Proportion of medium and high quality tobacco (%)
A₁B₁	2552.62de	70 399.07de	27.58de	82.61bc
A₁B₂	2909.33a	85 768.34a	29.48a	88.42a
A₁B₃	2690.87bc	76 193.18bc	28.32bc	84.73b
A₂B₁	2469.71ef	67 679.89efg	27.40de	80.67cd
A₂B₂	2780.40b	79 317.89b	28.53b	83.49bc
A₂B₃	2502.83ef	69 804.28ef	27.89cd	81.71cd
A₃B₁	2380.99f	64 736.23g	27.19e	75.39f
A₃B₂	2643.12cd	73 523.23cd	27.82cd	79.38de
A₃B₃	2464.38ef	67 064.27fg	27.21e	77.63ef
F(A)	62.30^**	149.03^**	63.14^**	130.41^**
F(B)	128.49^**	275.03^**	87.19^**	38.00^**
F(A×B)	2.08	7.42^**	8.10^**	1.86

处理 Treatment	叶长 Leaf length (cm)	叶宽 Leaf width (cm)	叶面积 Leaf area (cm²)	厚度 Thickness (mm)	单叶重 Single leaf weight (g)	叶质重 Leaf density (g/m²)	含梗率 Midrib ratio (%)
A₁B₁	62.30bcd	25.00cd	988.23de	0.0980a	15.15a	87.52a	27.60b
A₁B₂	65.60a	28.00a	1165.45a	0.0960a	13.24c	75.70d	25.39d
A₁B₃	63.57abc	26.20b	1056.78bc	0.0897b	12.04e	73.00d	27.47bc
A₂B₁	61.13d	24.00def	930.89f	0.0970a	15.09a	86.86a	27.59b
A₂B₂	64.60ab	26.50b	1086.20b	0.0893b	14.31b	82.48b	26.44cd
A₂B₃	62.27bcd	25.70bc	1015.42cd	0.0870b	12.61de	75.86cd	28.37b
A₃B₁	60.83d	23.43f	904.32f	0.0957a	14.01b	85.47ab	30.14a
A₃B₂	63.77abc	24.83cde	1004.67d	0.0893b	12.87cd	84.31ab	28.05b
A₃B₃	62.00cd	23.93ef	941.38ef	0.0883b	11.37f	79.02c	28.09b
F(A)	9.00^**	99.84^**	120.12^**	35.80^**	89.67^**	34.00^**	65.62^**
F(B)	34.53^**	96.08^**	174.43^**	167.48^**	426.68^**	207.45^**	59.86^**
F(A×B)	0.11	5.39^**	5.08^**	9.09^**	6.34^**	20.34^**	13.89^**

处理 Treatment	叶长 Leaf length (cm)	叶宽 Leaf width (cm)	叶面积 Leaf area (cm²)	厚度 Thickness (mm)	单叶重 Single leaf weight (g)	叶质重 Leaf density (g/m²)	含梗率 Midrib ratio (%)
A₁B₁	57.27bcd	17.87bcd	649.36cd	0.1240e	11.22cd	74.13ef	26.92abc
A₁B₂	60.67a	19.80a	762.20a	0.1503a	12.68a	83.52a	24.08e
A₁B₃	58.80ab	18.07bc	674.17bc	0.1323bc	12.39ab	77.87cd	25.27de
A₂B₁	56.47bcd	16.73ef	599.44ef	0.1197f	11.02de	73.23f	27.88a
A₂B₂	58.07bc	18.47b	680.53b	0.1360b	12.37ab	81.13b	25.38d
A₂B₃	57.23bcd	17.33de	629.29de	0.1283cd	11.51c	75.78de	26.28cd
A₃B₁	55.00d	16.57f	578.25f	0.1117g	10.67e	67.81h	27.72ab
A₃B₂	57.20bcd	17.97bc	652.19bcd	0.1267de	12.08b	78.48c	26.11cd
A₃B₃	56.37cd	17.50cd	625.92de	0.1247de	11.26cd	70.31g	26.51bcd
F(A)	24.67^**	86.84^**	135.96^**	218.09^**	55.12^**	164.98^**	24.88^**
F(B)	18.87^**	142.81^**	172.24^**	382.38^**	186.13^**	354.85^**	66.35^**
F(A×B)	0.99	6.48^**	7.25^**	25.56^**	4.99^**	4.18^*	1.66

Effects of Potassium Fertilizer Dosage and Topdressing Period on Chemical Composition, Yield and Quality of Leaves ofBlack Shank-Resistant Tobacco Honghuadajinyuan

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