Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 35-39.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.05.005

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Genetic Model Analysis of Major Gene-Polygene of Seed Weight and Seed Shape in Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Wang Bin1(), Zhao Li1(), Hou Jingjing1, Liu Jie2, Duan Yanqiao1   

  1. 1Crop Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
    2College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
  • Received:2023-09-07 Revised:2023-11-23 Online:2024-10-15 Published:2024-10-16

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Abstract:

The seed characteristics of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) are the important traits for superior variety selection. F1 and F2 generations crossed with CLX and BLX were used to research the inheritance of five seed characteristics in flax with major gene-polygene mixed inheritance analysis. The results showed: Five seed characteristics were controlled by major gene-polygene inheritance. The inheritance model of the 1000-grain weight was two pairs of additive major gene plus additive-dominance polygene, the heritability of the major gene and polygene were 84.59% and 14.73%, respectively. The inheritance model of seed surface area was controlled by two pairs of additive-dominant major gene plus additive-dominant polygene, seed length and seed width were two pair of additive-epistasis major gene plus additive-dominance polygene, the heritabilities of major genes of three traits were 45.69%, 37.09%, and 19.27%, respectively. The inheritance model of seed circumference was two pairs of equal dominant major genes plus additive-dominant polygene, the heritability of major genes was 68.24%. The heredity of seed shape traits is dominated by the major gene effect, and can be selected in early generation in progeny population through hybridization.

Key words: Flax, Seed characteristics, Inheritance model

Table 1

Statistic analysis of seed characteristics in F2 population"

性状
Trait		 CLX BLX F1 F2
平均
Mean		 最大值
Maximum		 最小值
Minimum		 极差
Range		 标准差
SD		 变异系数
CV (%)
千粒重1000-grain weight (g) 4.02 6.73 6.38 4.97 9.16 2.55 6.61 1.16 23.35
籽粒表面积Seed surface area (mm2) 7.49 12.61 10.23 8.38 13.53 5.27 8.26 1.71 17.49
籽粒周长Seed circumference (mm) 11.07 14.36 12.94 11.71 15.32 9.74 5.58 0.90 9.00
籽粒长度Seed length (mm) 4.31 5.48 5.05 4.56 6.04 3.47 2.57 0.13 8.82
籽粒宽度Seed width (mm) 2.22 3.03 2.62 2.36 3.04 2.03 1.01 0.04 9.49

Fig.1

Frequency distribution of different seed characteristics in F2 population"

Table 2

Max-likelihood-values and AIC values under various genetic models of five seed characteristics"

性状Trait 模型Model MLV AIC 性状Trait 模型Model MLV AIC
千粒重TSW MX2-A-AD 142.3117 -278.6240 籽粒长度SL MX2-ADI-AD -189.0350 396.0708
MX2-AED-AD 141.5901 -277.1800 MX2-AED-AD -196.2760 398.5518
MX2-EAED-AD 139.9968 -275.9940 MX2-ADI-ADI -189.0060 402.0120
籽粒表面积SSA MX2-AD-AD -873.0670 1756.1340 籽粒宽度SW MX2-ADI-AD 68.5969 -119.1940
MX2-ADI-AD -869.3400 1756.6790 MX1-AD-ADI 67.5054 -119.0110
MX1-AD-ADI -870.8290 1757.6570 MX2-AD-AD 63.0470 -116.0940
籽粒周长SC MX2-EEAD-AD -525.0660 1054.1320
MX2-AD-AD -522.6530 1055.3060
2MG-AED -522.9850 1055.9700

Table 3

Test for fitness of genetic models in five seed characteristics"

性状Trait 模型Model 世代Generation U12(p) U22(p) U32(p) nW2 Dn
千粒重
TSW		 MX2-A-AD P1 0.0372 (0.8470) 5.1714 (0.0230) 96.8989 (0.0000) 3.4563 (<0.05) 0.3236 (<0.05)
P2 0.0369 (0.8477) 7.3543 (0.0067) 102.0818 (0.0000) 1.9510 (<0.05) 0.0079 (>0.05)
F1 0.0846 (0.7711) 1.6315 (0.2015) 38.8862 (0.0000) 0.8916 (<0.05) 0.1509 (<0.05)
F2 1.0071 (0.3156) 1.8957 (0.1686) 2.6264 (0.1051) 0.2361 (>0.05) 0.0045 (>0.05)
籽粒表面积
SSA		 MX2-ADI-AD P1 0.0016 (0.9678) 2.4426 (0.1181) 41.0574 (0.0000) 1.2097 (<0.05) 0.0089 (>0.05)
P2 1.1833 (0.2767) 1.2466 (0.2642) 0.0641 (0.8002) 0.2785 (>0.05) 0.0053 (>0.05)
F1 1.4407 (0.2300) 0.4852 (0.4816) 3.4685 (0.0625) 0.3093 (>0.05) 0.0068 (>0.05)
F2 0.2428 (0.6222) 0.8487 (0.3569) 3.1565 (0.0756) 0.2198 (>0.05) 0.0069 (>0.05)
籽粒周长
SC		 MX2-EEAD-AD P1 0.0114 (0.9149) 0.4908 (0.4836) 10.3433 (0.0013) 0.2815 (>0.05) 0.0094 (>0.05)
P2 1.3706 (0.2417) 1.5070 (0.2196) 0.1415 (0.7068) 0.3426 (>0.05) 0.0070 (>0.05)
F1 0.0856 (0.7698) 0.2480 (0.6185) 9.7660 (0.0018) 0.2768 (>0.05) 0.0095 (>0.05)
F2 0.1458 (0.7026) 0.5654 (0.4521) 2.3378 (0.1263) 0.1525 (>0.05) 0.0057 (>0.05)
籽粒长度
SL		 MX2-ADI-AD P1 0.0141 (0.9053) 1.1614 (0.2812) 22.7658 (0.0000) 0.6134 (<0.05) 0.0053 (>0.05)
P2 0.1174 (0.7319) 0.2331 (0.6292) 10.6149 (0.0011) 0.3430 (>0.05) 0.0056 (>0.05)
F1 2.2998 (0.1294) 1.1994 (0.2734) 2.2281 (0.1355) 0.3878 (>0.05) 0.0225 (>0.05)
F2 0.0001 (0.9904) 0.1912 (0.6619) 2.8993 (0.0886) 0.1062 (>0.05) 0.0038 (>0.05)
籽粒宽度
SW		 MX2-ADI-AD P1 0.0953 (0.7575) 0.2131 (0.6444) 9.2542 (0.0023) 0.2804 (>0.05) 0.0048 (>0.05)
P2 1.1128 (0.2915) 2.2303 (0.1353) 3.5651 (0.0590) 0.2877 (>0.05) 0.0055 (>0.05)
F1 1.2282 (0.2678) 0.2925 (0.5886) 4.5324 (0.0333) 0.2904 (>0.05) 0.0119 (>0.05)
F2 0.7840 (0.3759) 2.0813 (0.1491) 5.4824 (0.1920) 0.5380 (>0.05) 0.0183 (>0.05)

Table 4

Estimates of genetic parameters in five seed characteristics"

性状
Trait		 一阶参数1nd order genetic parameter 二阶参数2nd order genetic parameter
m da db ha hb i jab jba l [d] [h] σmg2 σpg2 hmg2 (%) hpg2 (%)
千粒重TSW 5.39 1.61 1.06 － － － － － － -4.04 0.99 1.14 0.20 84.59 14.73
籽粒表面积SSA 8.04 0.00 0.00 -2.00 -1.99 2.00 0.01 0.00 2.33 -2.56 3.82 0.98 0.00 45.69 0.00
籽粒周长SC 12.71 -0.70 － － － － － － － -0.24 -0.25 0.76 0.00 68.24 0.00
籽粒长度SL 4.41 0.00 0.00 -0.48 -0.48 0.48 0.00 0.00 0.52 -0.58 1.09 0.06 0.00 37.09 0.00
籽粒宽度SW 2.34 0.00 0.00 -0.28 -0.28 0.28 0.00 0.00 0.35 -0.40 0.47 0.01 0.00 19.27 0.00
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