Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 84-90.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.06.011

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Combining Ability and Correlation Analysis of Main Traits of 12 Glutinous Sorghum Parents

Sun Yuantao1,2(), Long Wenjing1,2, Liu Tianpeng1,2, Zhao Ganlin1,2, Ding Guoxiang1,2, Xiang Jianyu1,2, Li Yuan1,2, Huang Lei1,2, Ni Xianlin1,2()   

  1. 1Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Deyang Branch of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang 618000, Sichuan, China
    2Sichuan Branch of Chinese National Center for Sorghum Improvement, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2023-12-23 Revised:2024-06-11 Online:2024-12-15 Published:2024-12-05

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Abstract:

To screen glutinous sorghum parents with high combining ability and heritability and to improve the efficiency of glutinous sorghum selection, six restorer lines and six sterile lines of glutinous sorghum were used as materials, 36 hybrid combinations were mated according to the 6×6 incomplete double-row hybrid (NC II) experimental design. The eight primary agronomic traits (plant height, panicle length and yield, etc.) and the four primary quality traits (starch, protein, fat and tannin contents) of the hybrid combinations were examined for combining ability and heritability. The results showed that except starch and protein contents, the variance of all traits reached significant differences, and the general combining ability of quality traits such as fat and tannin was higher than that of agronomic traits. Twelve traits were jointly affected by additive and non-additive gene effects. The narrow- sense heritability of tannin, plant height, fat, protein, peduncle length of panicle and panicle length were higher and more stable, so they could be selected in the early generation; the narrow-sense heritability of the rest of the traits were relatively low, so it was preferable to select in the late generation. Fertile line 54A has higher general combining ability in traits such as yield, 1000-grain weight, plant height; restorer line 21R has higher general combining ability in traits such as yield, panicle length, peduncle length of panicle; restorer line 272R has higher general combining ability in traits such as plant height, the number of primary branches. The 1609A/F235R, 54A/7R and 42A/F235R were hybrid combinations with excellent performance in traits such as yield and tannin content. Correlation analysis showed that traits such as plant height, panicle length and 1000- grain weight were extremely significantly correlated with yield, but the degree of linear fit was low; peduncle length of panicle, starch, fat, the number of primary branches, protein and other traits were extremely significantly correlated with tannin content, and the peduncle length of panicle and the number of primary branches had a high degree of linear fit with tannin content. The parents such as 54A, 21R and 272R have good application value in breeding practice.

Key words: Glutinous sorghum, Agronomic traits, Combining ability, Correlation

Table 1

Variance analysis of main agronomic traits (F-value)"

性状Trait 区组Block 组合Group 恢复系Restore line (P1) 不育系Sterile line (P2) P1×P2 误差Error
自由度Degree of freedom 2 35 5 5 25 70
产量Yield 663.6 11 995.0** 28064.4** 23 938.6** 5539.7** 1510.3
株高Plant height 58.5 1114.6** 111.8* 4922.6** 359.7** 26.0
穗柄长Peduncle length of panicle 149.4** 69.8** 292.5** 25.5 33.4** 5.6
穗长Panicle length 10.8 16.2** 28.6** 46.0** 7.1** 2.6
倒二叶面积The second leaf area 3432.7** 30 807.4** 42 155.5 17 491.7 31 354.2** 267.1
一级枝梗数The number of primary branches 87.1 505.3** 65.1* 1059.1* 473.2** 25.3
二级枝梗数The number of secondary branches 84.8 13 278.4** 10 257.2* 12 214.7* 13 872.3** 318.3
千粒重1000-grain weight (g) 7.2 17.7** 16.9* 43.5** 11.9** 3.9
淀粉含量Starch content 69.4 6.2 17.1** 6.0 4.2** 4.7
蛋白质含量Protein content 20.2 3.2 16.3 1.1** 1.1* 0.6
脂肪含量Fat content 0.0 0.5** 1.4** 1.8** 0.1 0.2
单宁含量Tannin content 0.5 1.1** 6.0** 1.4** 0.1* 0.1

Table 2

General combining ability effect values of parent"

品系
Strain		 亲本
Parent		 产量
Yield		 株高
Plant
height		 穗柄长
Peduncle
length of
panicle		 穗长
Panicle
length		 倒二叶面积
The second
leaf area		 一级枝梗数
The number
of primary
branches		 二级枝梗数
The number
of secondary
branches		 千粒重
1000-
grain
weight		 淀粉
含量
Starch
content		 蛋白质
含量
Protein
content		 脂肪
含量
Fat
content		 单宁
含量
Tannin
content
恢复系
Restore line		 21R 14.9 3.6 13.4 7.1 -15.8 -2.4 3.4 -5.6 -0.8 0.9 4.6 20.2
243R -1.6 -8.2 -10.1 -0.6 -3.1 3.1 11.0 2.4 -1.5 8.5 -7.4 -63.6
272R -1.9 6.9 9.6 0.4 7.1 3.2 -5.7 6.5 1.3 -8.8 4.0 104.5
7R -5.6 -3.9 -3.1 -3.0 -10.6 0.0 -8.7 -1.9 0.5 -0.1 2.6 -25.0
9.1R -5.1 3.0 -8.4 -2.9 -10.6 -2.9 -0.5 -2.5 -1.1 16.4 5.7 -56.7
F235R 0.1 -1.3 -1.9 -0.9 32.4 -1.2 1.1 1.3 1.6 -16.9 -10.1 21.0
不育系
Sterile line		 13163A 0.3 3.9 -1.4 -0.4 7.6 0.1 -6.4 -7.5 -0.7 -2.6 -6.4 -20.8
159A 1.9 -5.6 -4.8 8.8 -16.9 -4.6 6.0 1.9 0.7 4.8 -6.7 -27.7
1609A -7.5 -13.4 2.4 -5.3 7.1 -0.6 3.7 -5.3 -1.1 -1.1 0.1 7.3
42A -8.7 -7.4 -0.1 -0.8 -9.6 -12.6 -4.1 -4.5 0.4 0.0 -4.2 -26.2
54A 8.3 19.6 2.8 0.0 11.6 19.1 9.4 10.0 0.9 -3.4 9.9 23.2
626A 5.7 2.8 1.2 -2.3 0.3 -2.1 -9.0 5.6 -0.2 2.2 8.1 45.2

Table 3

Relative effect values of special combining ability of traits in 36 combination"

组合
Combination		 产量
Yield		 株高
Plant
height		 穗柄长
Peduncle
length of
panicle		 穗长
Panicle
length		 倒二叶面积
The second
leaf area		 一级枝梗数
The number
of primary
branches		 二级枝梗数
The number
of secondary
branches		 千粒重
1000-
grain
weight		 淀粉
含量
Starch
content		 蛋白质
含量
Protein
content		 脂肪
含量
Fat
content		 单宁
含量
Tannin
content
54A/7R 6.1 -4.5 -1.0 7.8 -21.2 35.1 -17.9 0.7 0.7 -7.1 7.4 25.1
626A/9.1R 7.5 4.3 3.6 7.2 -10.2 -11.0 1.9 -5.1 0.5 -8.6 -1.6 2.6
1609A/21R -1.6 15.4 -2.1 6.9 -6.7 -13.6 -24.5 -4.7 -0.3 -3.8 -5.0 -55.5
42A/243R -0.4 -6.5 -6.5 5.7 -16.9 -8.1 39.7 -6.8 -1.3 3.6 0.4 -0.5
159A/272R 8.1 -2.4 -1.6 4.6 39.2 -9.6 3.2 -7.6 -2.0 4.5 1.9 26.3
1609A/272R -2.7 -6.9 -6.4 4.4 -29.2 1.2 14.8 -0.5 2.3 -11.0 0.8 10.8
626A/7R -0.4 -5.9 1.7 4.4 7.4 -22.7 -2.4 -2.6 1.4 -3.4 -1.8 -9.5
13163A/9.1R 1.9 0.2 -0.5 2.7 31.8 -2.1 -3.6 -10.3 -0.7 -3.6 3.3 2.0
159A/243R -3.9 6.4 -0.8 2.6 -3.9 -1.5 -3.3 13.8 0.9 -3.4 0.6 -2.8
626A/243R -1.0 2.3 8.2 2.2 5.5 10.7 -7.3 -1.2 -1.4 9.5 -0.7 8.8
13163A/243R 7.3 5.9 1.5 1.7 32.2 2.9 -25.5 -1.7 0.9 -4.5 -1.7 -6.2
54A/F235R -4.1 -0.6 0.5 1.5 115.5 -19.7 2.1 -5.5 -2.0 7.9 -6.9 -29.7
1609A/F235R 13.2 -6.9 2.8 1.5 -25.3 4.5 0.8 7.6 -0.7 3.7 1.8 21.1
159A/21R -8.0 -9.3 3.7 1.2 35.1 9.9 16.8 7.9 -1.0 11.2 -1.8 9.8
42A/F235R -15.7 5.6 18.7 0.9 15.5 8.2 19.9 -3.5 3.1 -9.1 7.5 47.4
159A/F235R 6.8 -0.4 -4.7 0.0 -51.2 -1.4 -7.1 -10.1 2.4 -6.0 1.6 -29.2
13163A/7R -6.8 3.8 -0.3 0.0 -5.5 -33.1 25.1 0.1 0.7 -0.3 -0.3 -20.4
54A/21R 4.4 -5.9 -13.4 -0.2 -31.3 -8.1 -9.1 -0.6 1.2 -4.5 -3.5 0.4
42A/21R 7.8 8.7 8.8 -0.4 15.0 -15.8 -24.9 -8.2 -1.3 -8.5 -6.4 4.9
13163A/F235R -3.5 -1.5 -8.8 -0.4 -14.8 4.4 -7.2 4.7 -0.5 -2.2 -2.5 14.0
组合
Combination		 产量
Yield		 株高
Plant
height		 穗柄长
Peduncle
length of
panicle		 穗长
Panicle
length		 倒二叶面积
The second
leaf area		 一级枝梗数
The number
of primary
branches		 二级枝梗数
The number
of secondary
branches		 千粒重
1000-
grain
weight		 淀粉
含量
Starch
content		 蛋白质
含量
Protein
content		 脂肪
含量
Fat
content		 单宁
含量
Tannin
content
54A/272R -8.1 5.9 5.7 -0.7 0.3 9.3 29.3 7.5 -1.9 8.0 4.3 18.1
1609A/9.1R -13.2 -6.4 -1.2 -1.2 -2.0 5.7 -10.3 6.6 -0.4 3.0 0.8 0.4
42A/7R 3.6 -3.5 -14.2 -1.6 -11.6 26.1 -4.1 21.4 -0.8 1.0 -0.3 -3.0
13163A/21R 7.6 -6.0 0.5 -1.9 -15.5 29.4 20.7 4.4 -0.3 9.7 4.8 16.7
13163A/272R -6.1 -2.4 7.2 -2.0 -30.0 -2.9 -7.6 2.5 0.0 0.7 -3.6 -6.0
42A/9.1R -4.6 -11.5 -9.5 -2.2 12.7 7.0 5.1 0.4 -1.3 16.2 -4.2 -1.6
159A/9.1R -1.4 -1.5 -0.8 -2.4 -21.5 14.8 6.3 11.3 0.6 -7.8 0.9 -6.2
42A/272R 9.7 7.0 3.1 -2.6 -14.8 -17.4 -33.7 -3.2 1.7 -3.3 3.0 -45.5
626A/F235R 4.1 3.8 -8.3 -3.3 -41.2 3.8 -8.2 6.3 -2.4 5.5 -0.9 -23.6
54A/9.1R 9.5 14.1 8.4 -3.5 -11.6 -14.0 0.0 -4.1 1.4 0.8 0.8 3.0
626A/272R -0.5 -1.6 -8.2 -3.8 33.8 20.7 -6.4 1.1 0.1 1.2 -6.4 -1.9
1609A/7R -1.2 3.3 9.9 -3.9 27.9 3.2 14.8 -4.0 -1.0 8.2 -2.0 5.4
54A/243R -7.4 -9.2 0.1 -4.2 -51.8 -4.2 -5.9 2.0 0.6 -5.0 -2.1 -15.5
626A/21R -10.2 -3.1 3.1 -6.1 4.1 -1.8 21.8 1.1 1.7 -4.2 11.2 23.5
159A/7R -1.5 6.8 4.1 -6.2 3.1 -11.2 -15.2 -16.4 -1.0 1.4 -3.4 2.3
1609A/243R 5.5 1.0 -2.6 -7.7 33.7 -0.5 2.4 -5.2 0.3 -0.1 3.3 17.8

Table 4

Analysis of genetic parameters for each traits"

性状
Trait		 基因型方差
Genotypic variance		 方差贡献率
Variance contribution rate (%)		 遗传力
Heritability (%)
母本
P1		 父本
P2		 父本×母本
P2×P1		 误差
Error		 一般配合力
GCA		 特殊配合力
SCA		 广义遗传力
Generalized
heritability		 狭义遗传力
Narrow
heritability
产量Yield 1167.1 993.7 1331.7 1473.5 61.9 38.1 70.3 43.5
株高Plant height 38.0 233.6 103.0 23.7 72.5 27.5 94.1 68.2
穗柄长Peduncle length of panicle 13.4 0.0 8.9 5.2 60.1 39.9 81.1 48.8
穗长Panicle length 1.1 2.1 1.4 2.6 69.3 30.7 64.2 44.5
倒二叶面积The second leaf area 580.0 0.0 10 138.3 264.5 5.4 94.6 97.6 5.3
一级枝梗数The number of primary branches 0.0 31.2 143.3 23.8 17.9 82.1 88.0 15.7
二级枝梗数The number of secondary branches 0.0 0.0 4173.0 313.9 0.0 100.0 93.0 0.0
千粒重1000-grain weight (g) 0.3 1.7 2.7 3.6 43.4 56.6 56.4 24.4
淀粉含量Starch content 0.7 0.1 0.0 4.4 92.5 7.5 14.9 14.9
蛋白质含量Protein content 0.8 0.0 0.2 0.6 82.2 17.8 62.1 51.1
脂肪含量Fat content 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 95.3 4.7 51.9 51.9
单宁含量Tannin content 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 94.7 5.3 84.3 79.9

Table 5

Correlation coefficient of each traits"

性状
Trait		 产量
Yield		 株高
Plant
height		 穗柄长
Peduncle
length of
panicle		 穗长
Panicle
length		 倒二叶
面积
The second
leaf area		 一级枝梗数
The number
of primary
branches		 二级枝梗数
The number
of secondary
branches		 千粒重
1000-
grain
weight		 淀粉
含量
Starch
content		 蛋白质
含量
Protein
content		 脂肪
含量
Fat
content		 单宁
含量
Tannin
content
产量Yield 1.00
株高Plant height 0.47** 1.00
穗柄长
Peduncle length of panicle		 0.31 0.43** 1.00
穗长Panicle length 0.45** 0.09 0.20 1.00
倒二叶面积
The second leaf area		 -0.22 -0.33 -0.05 0.09 1.00
一级枝梗数
The number of primary branches		 -0.26 -0.21 -0.59** -0.03 0.03 1.00
二级枝梗数
The number of secondary branches		 -0.10 -0.02 0.10 0.27 0.06 0.18 1.00
千粒重1000-grain weight -0.53** -0.26 -0.40 -0.32 0.02 0.54** 0.17 1.00
淀粉含量Starch content 0.10 0.24 0.35* 0.27 -0.34* -0.53** -0.09 -0.32 1.00
蛋白质含量Protein content -0.10 -0.24 -0.36** -0.03 0.23 0.59** 0.18 0.32 -0.81** 1.00
脂肪含量Fat content 0.29 0.46** 0.43** -0.07 -0.04 -0.27 -0.04 -0.10 0.00 0.11 1.00
单宁含量Tannin content 0.21 0.33 0.69** 0.06 -0.12 -0.71** -0.06 -0.30 0.49** -0.52** 0.44** 1.00

Table 6

Linear fitting equations for yield and tannin content related traits"

因变量
Dependent
variable (y)		 自变量
Independent
variable (x)		 回归方程
Regression
equation		 决定系数
Determination
coefficient (R2)
产量
Yield		 株高 y=0.1403x+70.393 0.2233
穗长 y=0.0181x+24.458 0.2077
千粒重 y=-0.0199x+34.662 0.2829
单宁含量
Tannin content		 穗柄长 y=522.63x+37.234 0.4777
淀粉含量 y=1.1192x+0.7523 0.2377
脂肪含量 y=0.3022x+0.0409 0.1954
一级枝梗数 y=-1523.3x+89.433 0.5076
蛋白质含量 y=-0.8641x+0.0885 0.2694
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