Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 185-189.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.03.025

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Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction Combined with Organic Fertilizer Application on Photosynthetic Characteristics, Quality and Yield of Tomatoes Cultivated in Facilities

Zhu Jindi(), Zhu Xuegang, Du Wenqing, Qiu Tuoyu, Zhao Xinbin()   

  1. Kaifeng Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
  • Received:2023-11-14 Revised:2024-01-11 Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-06-03

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Abstract:

Taking “Bianfen 21” tomato as the test material, the effects of 100% conventional fertilizer (CK), 90% conventional fertilizer +12 000 kg/ha organic fertilizer (T1), 80% conventional fertilizer +13 500 kg/ha organic fertilizer (T2) and 70% conventional fertilizer +15 000 kg/ha organic fertilizer (T3) on tomato growth, photosynthetic characteristics, quality and yield were studied in a large overwintering solar greenhouse for providing reference for rational fertilization and green sustainable development of facility tomato in Central Plains. The results showed that chemical fertilizer reduction combined with organic fertilizer application significantly increased the plant height and stem diameter of tomato plants. Compared with CK, the single fruit weight of tomatoes under T1, T2 and T3 treatments were increased by 14.9%, 16.8% and 34.4%, respectively, and the yield were increased by 18.4%, 59.4% and 70.5%, respectively. The chemical fertilizer reduction combined with organic fertilizer application also enhanced leaf photosynthetic characteristics to varying degrees, and the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of T3 treatment were significantly higher than CK treatment, and the intercellular CO2 concentration was significantly lower than CK treatment. The contents of soluble solid, soluble sugar, lycopene and vitamin C in tomato fruit increased significantly after fertilizer reduction and organic fertilizer application, while the total acid content decreased significantly. The results showed that reducing conventional chemical fertilizer by 30% combined with 15 000 kg/ha organic fertilizer could significantly increased tomato yield, improved fruit quality and achieved better economic benefits.

Key words: Tomato, Organic fertilizer, Photosynthesis characteristics, Quality, Yield

Table 1

Fertilizer application amount of different treatments"

处理
Treatment		 有机肥施用量
Organic fertilizer
application rate
(kg/hm2)		 化肥比例
Fertilizer
ratio (%)		 化肥施用量
Fertilizer application
rate (kg/hm2)
N P2O5 K2O
CK 0 100 318.00 157.50 369.00
T1 12 000 90 286.20 141.75 332.10
T2 13 500 80 254.40 126.00 295.20
T3 15 000 70 222.60 110.25 258.30

Table 2

Effects of different fertilization treatments on growth indexes of tomato cm"

处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant
height		 茎粗
Stem
diameter		 叶片长度
Blade
length		 最大叶宽
Maximum
width of blade
CK 72.10±1.70c 1.55±0.10b 41.43±2.40a 42.10±0.76a
T1 84.10±3.69b 1.69±0.22ab 41.00±5.56a 39.75±5.84a
T2 104.13±5.05a 1.77±0.23ab 40.95±2.51a 43.20±2.43a
T3 108.35±2.26a 2.00±0.19a 45.60±3.27a 40.80±2.82a

Fig.1

Effects of different fertilization treatments on photosynthetic characteristics of tomato Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments (P < 0.05)."

Table 3

Effects of different fertilization treatments on tomato quality"

处理
Treatment		 Vc含量
Vc content (mg/100g)		 总酸含量
Total acid content (g/kg)		 可溶性固形物含量
Soluble solids content (%)		 可溶性糖含量
Soluble sugar content (%)		 番茄红素含量
Lycopene content (mg/kg)
CK 10.70±0.35c 1.80±0.04a 6.11±0.09d 2.92±0.05c 58.62±0.87d
T1 13.91±0.22b 1.33±0.03c 6.66±0.29c 3.24±0.03a 70.66±0.47b
T2 14.23±0.20b 1.59±0.03b 7.02±0.21b 3.10±0.03b 84.63±0.42a
T3 18.24±0.34a 1.16±0.05d 7.28±0.16a 3.08±0.01a 67.48±0.27c

Table 4

Effects of different fertilization treatments on yield and economic benefit of tomato"

处理
Treatment		 单果质量
Single fruit
weight (g)		 单株结果数
Number of fruits
per plant		 产量
Yield
(kg/hm2)		 产值（元/hm2）
Output value
(yuan/hm2)		 肥料成本（元/hm2）
Fertilizer cost
(yuan/hm2)		 产出投入比
Output-input
ratio		 纯收益（元/hm2）
Net income
(yuan/hm2)
CK 94.54±4.93c 12.50±3.09c 60 181.95±452.25d 300 909.75±2261.25d 13 827.00 21.76±0.16c 287 082.75d
T1 108.66±9.66b 12.84±3.86c 71 260.50±459.75c 35 6302.50±2298.75c 20 604.30 17.29±0.11d 335 698.17c
T2 110.40±9.80b 16.20±3.27a 95 920.50±518.85b 479 602.50±2594.25b 20 241.60 23.69±0.13b 459 360.87b
T3 127.10±11.82a 15.47±2.12b 102 589.50±439.80a 512 947.50±2199.00a 19 878.90 25.80±0.11a 493 068.58a
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