Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 164-172.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.04.021

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Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate and Planting Density on Antioxidant Properties of Boll-Leaf System in Gossypium barbadense L.

Zhang Chengjie(), Wang Li, Hu Haoran, Ning Liyun, Wu Yifan, Zhang Jusong()   

  1. College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University / Cotton Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2024-04-25 Revised:2024-07-24 Online:2025-08-15 Published:2025-08-12

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Abstract:

Under the natural ecological conditions of southern Xinjiang, with ’Xin 78’ as the material, a two-factor split-plot experiment was adopted, with three planting densities in the main plot (M20: 20×104 plants/ha, M24: 24×104 plants/ha, M28: 28×104 plants/ha) and four nitrogen application levels in the sub-plot (N0: 0 kg/ha, N1: 160 kg/ha, N2: 320 kg/ha, N3: 480 kg/ha), aiming to clarify the optimal combination of planting density and nitrogen application rate of Gossypium barbadense L. by using the coordination of sea island cotton source and reservoir, and to provide a scientific basis for the construction of high-yield and high-quality cultivation technology of Xinjiang sea island cotton. The results showed that nitrogen application could increase the SPAD value of subtending leaves, significantly enhance the activities of SOD and POD of cotton boll and subtending leaves, and reduce the content of MDA, but there was no significant difference between N2 and N3 treatments. On the 50th day after anthesis, compared with N0, the SOD activities of cotton boll and subtending leaf increased by 2.5%-7.5% and 3.9%-7.8%, respectively, and the POD increased by 8.3%-22.0% and 2.4%-16.1%, respectively. On the 50th day after anthesis, the SOD activities of cotton bolls and subtending leaves of M20 increased by 3.1% and 0.6% than that of M24, and increased by 5.2% and 3.5% than that of M28, respectively, and the POD activities increased by 3.5% and 1.4% than that of M28, respectively. The combined treatment of M20N2 and M24N2 showed strong antioxidant capacity, and the lint yield and seed cotton yield of M24N2 combination were the highest, with an increase of 1.5%-43.7% and 3.1%-45.6%, respectively, compared with other combined treatments. In summary, the synergistic antioxidant capacity of the sea island cotton source and reservoir were strong, and the yield of seed cotton and lint cotton reached the peak under the M24N2 combination treatment, so the nitrogen application rate of 320 kg/ha and the density of 2.4×105 plants/ha were more suitable for the planting of sea island cotton in southern Xinjiang.

Key words: Gossypium barbadense L., Planting density, Nitrogen application rate, Bell-leaf system, Antioxidant properties

Table 1

Soil base fertility"

土壤深度
Soil depth
(cm)		 有机质
Organic matter
(g/kg)		 全氮
Total nitrogen
(g/kg)		 碱解氮
Available nitrogen
(mg/kg)		 有效磷
Available phosphorus
(mg/kg)		 速效钾
Available potassium
(mg/kg)		 pH
0~10 4.622 0.335 13.776 9.06 53.88 8.62
10~20 9.785 0.597 25.294 25.36 97.68 8.76
20~30 11.176 0.705 47.563 40.20 130.80 8.35
30~40 8.305 0.494 30.203 13.13 91.92 8.53
40~50 8.570 0.376 23.735 10.18 106.12 8.59
50~60 9.528 0.722 35.710 30.23 116.67 8.67
60~70 8.933 0.680 26.751 16.96 110.62 8.88
70~80 6.323 0.336 10.887 13.02 101.46 8.52

Table 2

Fertilization strategy of different treatments kg/hm2"

处理
Treatment		 底肥
Base fertilizer		 日期（月-日）Date (month-day) 总量
Total
06-19 06-27 07-04 07-11 07-19 07-27 08-05 08-14
N0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
N1 0 0 8 16 32 48 32 16 8 160
N2 64 12.8 25.6 38.4 51.2 51.2 38.4 25.6 12.8 320
N3 96 38.4 38.4 57.6 57.6 57.6 57.6 38.4 38.4 480

Fig.1

SPAD values of subtending leaf of sea island cotton bolls under different treatments"

Fig.2

SOD activity of subtending leaf of sea island cotton bolls under different treatments"

Fig.3

SOD activity of sea island cotton bolls under different treatments"

Fig.4

POD activity of subtending leaf of sea island cotton bolls under different treatments"

Fig.5

POD activity of sea island cotton bolls under different treatments"

Fig.6

MDA content of subtending leaf of sea island cotton boll under different treatments"

Fig.7

MDA content of sea island cotton bolls under different treatments"

Table 3

Yield and its components of sea island cotton under different treatments"

种植密度
Planting
density		 施氮量
Nitrogen
application rate		 收获株数
Number of plants
harvested (/hm2)		 单株结铃数
Boll number
per plant		 单铃重
Single boll
weight (g)		 衣分
Lint percentage
(%)		 籽棉产量
Seed cotton yield
(kg/hm2)		 皮棉产量
Lint yield
(kg/hm2)
M20 N0 178 137.65c 8.29cde 2.96a 33.94ab 4410.13d 1493.14cd
N1 180 836.71c 8.90abcd 3.17a 33.99a 5105.85bcd 1737.58bcd
N2 180 161.94c 10.27a 3.03a 33.07bc 5609.19abc 1857.32abcd
N3 179 487.18c 9.86ab 3.08a 33.35abc 5467.91abcd 1822.17abcd
M24 N0 223 346.83b 7.91cde 2.62bc 33.48abc 4617.89cd 1542.42cd
N1 224 696.36b 7.60de 3.08a 33.11abc 5239.37abcd 1735.25bcd
N2 222 672.06b 9.26abc 3.07a 33.89ab 6329.30a 2143.50a
N3 224 021.60b 8.35bcde 3.03a 33.25abc 5655.41abc 1881.20abc
M28 N0 249 662.62a 7.51de 2.46c 32.01bc 4598.71cd 1473.33d
N1 242 240.22a 7.32e 2.99a 31.70c 5278.54abcd 1672.56cd
N2 245 614.04a 8.52bcde 2.98a 33.23abc 6242.89ab 2074.55ab
N3 244 264.51a 8.46bcde 2.92bc 34.33a 6045.35ab 2080.52ab
施氮量Nitrogen application rate (N) ns ** ** ns ** **
种植密度Planting density (M) * ** * ns ns ns
施氮量×密度
Nitrogen application rate×Planting density (N×M)		 ns
 ns
 ns
 ns
 ns
 ns

Table 4

Fiber quality of sea island cotton under different treatments"

种植密度
Planting
density		 施氮量
Nitrogen
application rate		 上半部平均长度
Average length of
upper half (mm)		 整齐度
Uniformity
(%)		 断裂比强度
Specific strengthat
break (cN/tex)		 伸长率
Elongation
(%)		 马克隆值
Micron
value		 纺织参数
Textile
parameter
M20 N0 39.27ab 90.07ab 47.88a 7.93ab 4.03ab 238.00abc
N1 39.60ab 90.77ab 48.23a 8.33ab 4.30a 238.00abc
N2 39.80a 91.30ab 48.90a 8.37ab 4.07ab 238.67ab
N3 40.00a 90.17ab 47.84a 8.77a 4.10ab 251.00a
M24 N0 37.77bc 89.83ab 44.51ab 7.67b 4.17ab 220.33cd
N1 39.37ab 90.47ab 46.16ab 7.80b 3.80b 238.00abc
N2 39.47ab 91.33ab 46.81ab 8.43ab 4.13ab 234.67abc
N3 39.87a 90.80ab 44.95ab 8.43ab 4.20ab 229.33bc
M28 N0 37.37c 89.13b 42.67b 8.40ab 4.23a 210.67d
N1 38.83abc 90.90ab 45.17ab 8.47ab 4.30a 227.33bcd
N2 39.03abc 91.83a 46.63ab 8.37ab 4.03ab 249.33a
N3 38.93abc 91.60a 44.60ab 8.67a 4.27a 238.00abc
施氮量Nitrogen application rate (N) * ns ns ns ns **
种植密度Planting density (M) ns ns ** ns ns *
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