Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 241-246.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.05.034

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Effects of Planting Density on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Spring Foxtail Millet

Zhou Xue(), Han Fang(), Su Leping, Li Xingxing, Niu Hongwei, Guo Wei, Yuan Hongʼan   

  1. Yan’an Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yan’an 716000, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2024-06-04 Revised:2024-08-29 Online:2024-10-15 Published:2024-10-16

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Abstract:

In order to explore the optimum planting density of foxtail millet varieties in northwestern China, Yangu 14, Changsheng 07, and Jinfen 107 were selected as the experimental materials and four different planting densities of 3.9×105 (D1), 5.1×105 (D2), 6.3×105 (D3) and 7.5×105 (D4) plants/ha were set. Then the effects of planting density on the agronomic traits and yield of foxtail millet were analyzed. The results showed that with the increase of planting density, the plant height increased, while the stem diameter, panicle length, panicle diameter, weight per panicle, grain weight per panicle and 1000-grain weight all decreased gradually. The yield increased first and then decreased. The yield of Yangu 14 was the highest under D3 treatment, reaching 5969.65 kg/ha. The yield of Changsheng 07 and Jinfen 107 both reached the maximum under D2 treatment, which were 4606.47 and 4710.69 kg/ha, respectively. Based on the results above, the suitable planting densities of foxtail millet in the middle and late-maturing spring-sowing region were 5.1×105-6.3×105 plants/ha.

Key words: Foxtail millet, Planting density, Agronomic trait, Yield

Fig.1

Average temperature and precipitation during foxtail millet growing period E, M, L indicate early, middle and late, respectively."

Table 1

Variance analysis of foxtail millet varieties agronomic traits under different planting densities"

变异来源
Source of variation		 株高
Plant
height		 茎粗
Stem
diameter		 倒二叶面积
Area of
penultimate leaf		 穗长
Panicle
length		 穗粗
Panicle
diameter		 单穗重
Weight per
panicle		 穗粒重
Grain weight
per panicle		 千粒重
1000-grain
weight		 出谷率
Milled millet
percentage		 产量
Yield
品种Variety <0.001 0.044 0.004 0.101 0.048 0.022 0.002 0.002 0.067 <0.001
密度Density <0.001 0.020 0.019 <0.001 <0.001 0.001 0.019 <0.001 0.524 <0.001
品种×密度Variety×density 0.008 0.818 0.970 0.797 0.755 0.587 0.312 0.197 0.432 0.223

Fig.2

Areas of penultimate leaf of foxtail millet varieties under different planting densities Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different treatments at the level of 0.05, the same below."

Fig.3

Plant height of foxtail millet varieties under different planting densities"

Fig.4

Stem diameter of foxtail millet varieties under different planting densities"

Table 2

Panicle trait of foxtail millet varieties under different planting densities"

品种
Variety		 密度
Density		 穗长
Panicle length
(cm)		 穗粗
Panicle diameter
(mm)		 单穗重
Weight per
panicle (g)		 穗粒重
Grain weight
per panicle (g)		 千粒重
1000-grain
weight (g)		 出谷率
Milled millet
percentage (%)
延谷14号
Yangu 14		 D1 18.18±0.03a 21.17±3.03a 13.67±2.49a 12.54±2.05a 3.81±0.13a 92.03±4.95a
D2 18.80±0.71a 20.63±1.04a 14.17±2.62a 12.26±2.30a 3.47±0.36ab 86.50±1.36a
D3 17.28±0.31b 20.00±0.62a 11.71±0.95a 10.01±1.66a 3.37±0.10bc 85.31±10.89a
D4 17.37±0.24b 18.90±0.79a 10.75±0.96a 9.69±1.42a 3.04±0.04c 89.92±6.57a
长生07
Changsheng 07		 D1 18.57±0.66a 21.80±1.28a 11.02±0.74a 8.84±0.90a 3.16±0.15a 80.11±4.64a
D2 18.39±0.21a 20.54±0.11ab 9.56±0.59b 7.63±0.41ab 3.11±0.12a 79.83±0.90a
D3 17.40±1.12ab 20.17±0.64b 9.58±0.15b 8.24±0.72ab 2.90±0.10a 85.91±6.19a
D4 16.91±0.34b 19.36±0.31b 8.65±0.83b 7.57±0.24b 2.56±0.25b 88.03±8.45a
晋汾107
Jinfen 107		 D1 19.58±1.31ab 18.39±1.17a 10.02±0.64a 7.81±0.63ab 3.88±0.06a 77.96±3.71a
D2 19.92±0.51a 18.60±1.17a 10.06±2.01a 8.00±1.81a 3.72±0.10b 79.19±3.43a
D3 18.28±0.66ab 16.54±0.70ab 8.81±1.53ab 6.99±1.21ab 3.29±0.10c 79.41±2.88a
D4 18.02±0.75b 16.24±1.16b 7.16±0.77b 5.65±0.50b 3.14±0.04c 78.98±1.86a

Fig.5

Yield of foxtail millet varieties under different planting densities"

Table 3

The correlation analysis of agronomic traits in foxtail millet varieties under different planting densities"

性状
Trait		 株高
Plant
height		 茎粗
Stem
diameter		 倒二叶面积
Area of
second leaf		 穗长
Panicle
length		 穗粗
Panicle
diameter		 单穗重
Weight per
panicle		 穗粒重
Grain weight
per panicle		 千粒重
1000-grain
weight		 出谷率
Milled millet
percentage		 产量
Yield
株高Plant height 1.000
茎粗Stem diameter 0.158 1.000
倒二叶面积Area of penultimate leaf 0.157 0.564** 1.000
穗长Panicle length -0.435** 0.026 0.055 1.000
穗粗Panicle diameter -0.012 0.657** 0.695** 0.057 1.000
单穗重Weight per panicle -0.447** 0.327 0.338* 0.163 0.646** 1.000
穗粒重Grain weight per panicle -0.389* 0.250 0.316 0.024 0.575** 0.959** 1.000
千粒重1000-grain weight -0.729** -0.030 -0.133 0.657** -0.002 0.432** 0.353* 1.000
出谷率Milled millet percentage 0.028 -0.073 0.146 -0.406* 0.121 0.330* 0.581** -0.117 1.000
产量Yield -0.696** -0.061 0.111 0.046 0.270 0.658** 0.673** 0.501** 0.334* 1.000
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