Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 73-79.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.05.011

Previous Articles     Next Articles

The Effects of Reducing Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on the Yield and Quality of Super Rice Weiliangyou 8612

He Jiahui1,2(), Li Yanfeng2, Yan Tianze2, Zhang Xuanwen2, Qin Peng2, Guo Jinyou2, Wang Kai2, Liu Xionglun1(), Yang Yuanzhu1,2()   

  1. 1College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
    2Yuan Longping High-Tech Agriculture Co., Ltd. / National Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice / Key Laboratory of Southern Rice Innovation & Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Disease and Pest Resistant Rice Breeding, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
  • Received:2024-05-07 Revised:2024-06-05 Online:2024-10-15 Published:2024-10-16

RichHTML

8

PDF (PC)

222

Abstract:

To investigate the impact of reducing nitrogen fertilizer application on the yield and rice quality of Weiliangyou 8612, and to determine the feasibility of reducing nitrogen fertilizer application in production, five levels of nitrogen fertilizer application were set at 0 (N0), 50 (N50), 100 (N100), 150 (N150, general nitrogen fertilizer application amount), and 200 kg/ha (N200), a three-year field experiment was conducted to test its yield, yield-related traits, and rice quality. The results showed that compared with N150, appropriate increases (N200) and reductions (N100) in nitrogen fertilizer application did not significantly increase or decrease the yield of Weiliangyou 8612, nor did it have a significant impact on rice processing, appearance, and cooking quality. However, reducing nitrogen fertilizer application reduced the protein content of rice, which was helpful for improving the taste quality. In conclusion, under the condition of medium to above soil fertility, super rice Weiliangyou 8612 had no significant yield reduction under the treatment of nitrogen reduction (N100). Furthermore, processing and appearance quality indicators were not sensitive to nitrogen application rate, and a reduction in nitrogen fertilizer application leaded to a decrease in protein content, which could improve its taste quality.

Key words: Super rice, Weiliangyou 8612, Nitrogen application rates, Yield, Rice quality

Table 1

Basic nutrition conditions of soil"

年份
Year		 pH 水解性氮
Hydrolyzed nitrogen
(mg/kg)		 有效磷
Available P
(mg/kg)		 速效钾
Available K
(mg/kg)		 全氮
Total nitrogen
(g/kg)		 全磷
Total phosphorus
(g/kg)		 全钾
Total potassium
(g/kg)		 有机质
Organic matter
(g/kg)
2021 4.98 239.50 0.38 161.50 2.04 0.49 13.30 29.33
2022 5.24 222.44 0.50 134.22 2.04 0.42 14.18 36.02
2023 5.34 235.67 0.24 205.22 2.29 0.47 14.37 38.50

Fig.1

Daily minimum and maximum temperatures during the growth season from rice transplanting to maturity in different years"

Table 2

"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 播种期
Sowing		 移栽期
Transplanting		 抽穗期
Heading		 齐穗期
Full heading		 成熟期
Maturity		 全生育期
Growth duration (d)
2021 N200 05-20 06-10 08-23 08-26 09-26 129
N150 05-20 06-10 08-22 08-25 09-25 128
N100 05-20 06-10 08-21 08-24 09-24 127
N50 05-20 06-10 08-20 08-23 09-23 126
N0 05-20 06-10 08-20 08-23 09-23 126
2022 N200 05-21 06-11 08-18 08-23 09-23 125
N150 05-21 06-11 08-17 08-22 09-22 124
N100 05-21 06-11 08-16 08-21 09-20 122
N50 05-21 06-11 08-15 08-20 09-21 123
N0 05-21 06-11 08-14 08-19 09-18 120
2023 N200 05-23 06-13 08-13 08-17 09-20 120
N150 05-23 06-13 08-13 08-18 09-20 120
N100 05-23 06-13 08-12 08-17 09-19 119
N50 05-23 06-13 08-12 08-16 09-17 117
N0 05-23 06-13 08-12 08-16 09-17 117

Table 3

Dry matter accumulation and harvest indexes of Weiliangyou 8612 under different nitrogen fertilizer application levels"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 干物质积累量
Dry matter accumulation (t/hm2)		 收获指数
Harvest
index (%)
抽穗期
Heading stage		 成熟期
Maturity stage
2021 N200 15.52±1.01a 23.09±2.06a 49.41±3.66a
N100 14.90±1.42a 18.20±0.41b 51.66±1.33a
N0 13.69±0.34a 18.09±1.76b 51.75±3.01a
2022 N200 14.09±1.00ab 19.66±0.76ab 53.41±0.82b
N150 14.53±0.44a 20.83±0.97a 55.56±0.44a
N100 13.14±0.17ab 17.58±1.10cd 55.79±0.96a
N50 13.45±1.57ab 18.31±0.97bc 55.15±0.90ab
N0 12.28±1.43b 15.58±1.56d 54.69±1.86a
2023 N200 － 18.05±1.38a 58.59±1.07ab
N150 － 18.08±1.17a 57.59±1.82ab
N100 － 17.40±0.99ab 60.03±1.32a
N50 － 15.12±0.45bc 58.99±0.63ab
N0 － 13.01±1.74c 56.54±2.13b

Table 4

Yield and its components of Weiliangyou 8612 under different nitrogen application levels"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 产量
Yield (t/hm2)		 有效穗数
Effective panicle number (/m2)		 穗粒数
Spikelets per panicle		 结实率
Seed-setting rate (%)		 千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)
2021 N200 11.45±0.51a 270.44±9.50a 218.67±20.03ab 81.90±4.41a 25.23±0.12a
N150 12.16±0.41a 250.94±13.21ab 221.33±2.08ab 74.90±3.81b 24.90±0.46a
N100 12.10±0.47a 245.91±8.51b 207.33±19.86b 75.83±1.72ab 24.67±1.04a
N50 11.47±0.59a 228.93±6.07bc 239.00±12.12a 76.75±4.59ab 25.00±0.80a
N0 10.59±0.34b 215.85±19.41c 194.00±22.72b 81.65±1.52a 25.80±0.53a
2022 N200 10.61±0.20a 208.57±19.88a 244.60±17.28ab 90.30±0.71a 24.73±1.05ab
N150 10.88±0.85a 204.66±1.35a 260.95±8.95a 85.73±2.07b 25.03±0.26a
N100 11.06±0.67a 201.54±9.94a 249.97±12.69a 86.70±3.82ab 24.73±0.21a
N50 10.88±0.17a 211.50±14.37a 248.32±16.42ab 86.64±1.74ab 24.48±0.37ab
N0 9.64±0.61b 224.98±23.20a 226.07±9.60b 85.90±1.84b 23.93±0.15b
2023 N200 12.21±0.13a 184.28±5.76a 248.98±6.48a 86.94±1.45ab 26.56±1.17a
N150 11.68±0.29ab 191.04±14.81a 235.06±26.16ab 88.34±1.36a 26.62±0.74a
N100 11.29±0.47b 194.97±17.12a 245.05±22.87ab 85.49±1.66b 25.98±0.56a
N50 10.52±0.34c 188.68±9.12a 249.29±7.85a 87.06±1.98ab 25.89±0.91a
N0 9.61±0.72d 176.67±2.81a 217.61±15.81b 86.24±0.72ab 24.30±0.62b
均值
Mean		 N200 11.42 225.00 237.42 86.38 25.51
N150 11.57 216.26 239.11 82.99 25.52
N100 11.49 214.66 234.12 82.67 25.13
N50 10.95 210.76 245.54 83.48 25.12
N0 9.95 203.75 212.56 84.60 24.68
方差分析Analysis of variance
F值F-value 年Y 13.83** 69.53** 16.68** 67.78** 17.11**
处理T 17.40** 3.23* 6.50** 2.84* 2.66*
年×处理Y × T 2.85* 3.15** NS 2.62* 2.88*

Table 5

Processing quality of Weiliangyou 8612 under different nitrogen application levels %"

处理
Treatment		 2021 2022 2023
出糙率
Brown rice rate		 整精米率
Head milled rice rate		 出糙率
Brown rice rate		 整精米率
Head milled rice rate		 出糙率
Brown rice rate		 整精米率
Head milled rice rate
N200 73.20±1.57a 63.64±4.40a 78.77±0.09a 58.45±2.88a 79.57±0.15a 64.83±0.81a
N150 71.35±2.19a 62.91±5.54a 78.50±0.12a 58.10±0.96a 79.33±0.21a 64.10±0.61abc
N100 71.19±0.39a 58.45±3.44a 78.50±0.38a 57.81±0.73ab 79.30±0.53ab 64.27±0.45ab
N50 70.66±1.55a 60.04±0.25a 77.82±0.08b 55.67±1.78ab 78.77±0.06b 63.37±0.38bc
N0 70.79±0.69a 56.51±4.04a 77.67±0.35b 53.99±3.09b 78.03±0.32c 63.17±0.15c

Table 6

Appearance quality of Weiliangyou 8612 under different nitrogen application levels"

处理
Treatment		 2021 2022 2023
长宽比
L/W		 垩白粒率
CR (%)		 垩白度
CD (%)		 长宽比
L/W		 垩白粒率
CR (%)		 垩白度
CD (%)		 长宽比
L/W		 垩白粒率
CR (%)		 垩白度
CD (%)
N200 3.32±0.07a 15.33±1.84c 4.33±0.77c 3.18±0.04a 13.42±3.09c 5.61±2.05b 3.43±0.06a 17.00±4.24b 4.95±1.34c
N150 3.30±0.06a 14.75±5.24c 4.34±1.64c 3.20±0.03a 17.50±3.78bc 7.42±1.37ab 3.40±0.00a 21.50±0.71ab 6.95±0.21ab
N100 3.35±0.02a 19.69±2.55bc 5.22±0.68bc 3.17±0.01a 24.00±1.75a 9.90±0.34a 3.40±0.00a 20.00±2.83ab 5.45±0.49bc
N50 3.37±0.06a 25.92±1.38a 7.72±0.83a 3.18±0.09a 21.33±1.76ab 9.32±0.90a 3.43±0.06a 27.00±2.83a 8.45±0.35a
N0 3.34±0.02a 24.75±2.65ab 6.78±1.38ab 3.24±0.04a 23.25±1.25a 9.22±2.16a 3.37±0.06a 19.50±2.12b 7.15±0.64ab

Table 7

Cooking quality of Weiliangyou 8612 under different nitrogen application levels"

处理
Treatment		 2021 2022 2023
直链淀粉含量
AC (%)		 碱消值
ASV		 胶稠度
GC (mm)		 直链淀粉含量
AC (%)		 碱消值
ASV		 胶稠度
GC (mm)		 直链淀粉含量
AC (%)		 碱消值
ASV		 胶稠度
GC (mm)
N200 12.60±0.17b 3.20±0.10b 70.33±6.51a 13.15±0.57ab 3.00±0.00a 75.83±2.31a 11.33±0.29a 3.00±0.00a 80.67±4.51a
N150 13.07±0.15a 3.23±0.06ab 71.33±1.15a 12.85±0.04ab 3.07±0.12a 74.33±5.35a 11.83±0.47a 3.00±0.00a 81.33±5.51a
N100 12.67±0.21ab 3.20±0.10b 75.00±2.65a 13.45±0.50ab 3.13±0.22a 78.83±3.82a 11.67±0.40a 3.00±0.00a 82.33±4.04a
N50 12.70±0.20ab 3.50±0.17ab 72.33±1.53a 13.58±0.36a 3.22±0.28a 78.33±4.54a 11.73±0.40a 3.17±0.29a 79.67±0.58a
N0 12.97±0.40ab 3.57±0.38a 74.67±1.53a 12.68±0.53b 3.15±0.27a 74.50±3.91a 11.53±0.15a 3.07±0.12a 81.67±4.51a

Fig.2

Effects of different nitrogen application levels on protein content of Weiliangyou 8612"

Table 8

Changes in rice physicochemical indicators of Weiliangyou 8612 after storage under different nitrogen application levels"

处理
Treatment		 储存时间（月）
Storage
time (month)		 直链淀
粉含量
AC (%)		 碱消值
ASV		 胶稠度
GC (mm)
N200 3 13.43±0.14a 3.00±0.00a 74.50±2.12a
15 13.24±0.11a 3.00±0.00a 70.33±1.15a
N150 3 12.82±0.05a 3.00±0.00a 71.00±1.41a
15 13.03±0.13a 3.00±0.00a 68.50±0.71a
N100 3 12.87±0.52a 3.11±0.19a 78.00±1.41a
15 13.13±0.39a 3.38±0.06a 67.00±1.41b
N50 3 13.24±0.29a 3.00±0.00a 83.50±0.71a
15 11.92±0.04b 3.00±0.00a 60.50±0.71b
N0 3 13.29±0.16a 3.00±0.00a 70.00±2.83a
15 12.34±0.03b 3.00±0.00a 68.00±1.00a
[1] 方福平, 程式华. 水稻科技与产业发展. 农学学报, 2018, 8(1):92-98.
[2] 程式华. 中国水稻育种百年发展与展望. 中国稻米, 2021, 27 (4):1-6.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.04.001
[3] 梁健, 吕修涛, 冯宇鹏, 等. 我国超级稻发展现状及建议. 中国稻米, 2020, 26(3):1-4.
[4] 国家水稻数据中心. 农业农村部冠名的超级稻示范推广品种. (2023-07-05)[2024-05-07]. https://ricedata.cn/variety/superice.htm.
[5] 徐富贤, 熊洪, 谢戎, 等. 水稻氮素利用效率的研究进展及其动向. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2009, 15(5):1215-1225.
[6] 李建武, 郭夏宇, 彭玉林, 等. 超级稻湘两优900百亩片单产16.35 t/hm2超高产栽培技术. 中国稻米, 2020, 26(3):61-63.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2020.03.014
[7] 李建武, 张玉烛, 吴俊, 等. 超高产水稻新组合Y两优900百亩方15.40t/hm2高产栽培技术研究. 中国稻米, 2014, 20(6):1-4.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2014.06.001
[8] Ju C, Buresh R J, Wang Z, et al. Root and shoot traits for rice varieties with higher grain yield and higher nitrogen use efficiency at lower nitrogen rates application. Field Crops Research, 2015,175:47-55.
[9] 许阳东, 朱宽宇, 章星传, 等. 绿色超级稻品种的农艺与生理性状分析. 作物学报, 2019, 45(1):70-80.
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.82036
[10] 孙凡. 绿色超级稻和超级稻在简化栽培模式下的农艺表现. 武汉: 华中农业大学 2017.
[11] 张刚, 王德建, 俞元春, 等. 秸秆全量还田与氮肥用量对水稻产量、氮肥利用率及氮素损失的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2016, 22(4):877-885.
[12] 中华人民共和国农业部. 米质测定方法:NY/T 83-2017. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2017.
[13] 中华人民共和国农业部. 稻米整精米率、粒型、垩白粒率、垩白度及透明度的测定图像法:NY/T 2334-2013. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2013.
[14] 国家质量监督检验检疫总局. 粮油检验大米胶稠度的测定:GB/T 22294-2008. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2008.
[15] 国家质量监督检验检疫总局. 大米直链淀粉含量的测定:GB/T 15683-2008. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2008.
[16] 敖和军, 王淑红, 邹应斌, 等. 超级杂交稻干物质生产特点与产量稳定性研究. 中国农业科学, 2008, 41(7):1927-1936.
[17] Chen S, Wang D, Xu C, et al. Responses of super rice (Oryza sativa L.) to different planting methods for grain yield and nitrogen-use efficiency in the single cropping season. PLoS ONE, 2017, 9(8):e104950.
[18] 张倩倩, 殷春渊, 王书玉, 等. 水稻氮肥利用现状及其对稻米品质影响的研究进展. 种业导刊, 2023(1):3-6.
[19] 万靓军, 张洪程, 霍中洋, 等. 氮肥运筹对超级杂交粳稻产量、品质及氮素利用率的影响. 作物学报, 2007, 32(2):175-182.
[20] 石吕, 张新月, 孙惠艳, 等. 不同类型水稻品种稻米蛋白质含量与蒸煮食味品质的关系及后期氮肥的效应. 中国水稻科学, 2019, 33(6):541-552.
doi: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2019.9022
[21] 路凯, 赵庆勇, 周丽慧, 等. 稻米蛋白质含量与食味品质的关系及其影响因素研究进展. 江苏农业学报, 2020, 36(5):1305-1311.
[22] Liang H L, Tao D B, Zhang Q, et al. Nitrogen fertilizer application rate impacts eating and cooking quality of rice after storage. PLoS ONE, 2021, 16(6):e0253189.
[1] Hao Qingting, Gao Wei, Zhang Zeyan, Yan Hubin, Zhu Huijun, Zhang Yaowen. The Effects of Iron Fertilizer Application on Yield and Fe Concent of Grains in Mung Bean [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(5): 105-109.
[2] Sun Guangxu, Liu Ying, Wang Xinyi, Kong Deyong, Wei Na, Xing Liwen, Guo Wei. Effects of Population Density and Fulvic Acid on Yield and Nutritional Quality of Kidney Bean [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(5): 110-118.
[3] Wang Shanshan, Yang Yulei, Liu Feihu, Yang Yang, Tang Kailei, Li Tao, Niu Longjiang, Du Guanghui. Effects of Concentrations and Treatment Periods of Polyazole on Inflorescence and Leaves Yield and Cannabidiol Content of Industrial Hemp [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(5): 119-124.
[4] Huang Yulan, Liu Wenjun, Li Yanying, Zhou Jia, Zhou Lingzhi, Lao Chengying, Li Suping, Shen Zhangyou, Wei Benhui. Effects of Intercropping Cassava with Pumkin of Different Densities in Cassava Fields on Crop Yield, Economic Efficiency and Land Productivity [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(5): 125-130.
[5] Tian Qinqin, Zhuo Le, Chen Nana, Zheng Dechao, Wu Xiaojing, Yu Peng, Chen Pingping, Yi Zhenxie. Effects of Calcium-Magnesium Hydrotalcite on Cadmium Content in Brown Rice of Double-Cropping Rice and Soil Characteristics [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(5): 131-139.
[6] Mu Jianguo, Wang Peng, Liu Yantao, Cui Jiawei, Chen Yanfang, Wan Sumei, Chen Guihong. Effects of Different Harvesting Periods on the Commerciality and Yield of Edible Sunflower [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(5): 146-151.
[7] Li Hongliang, Sun Yuyou, Wei Caiqiang, Liu Dan, Xie Zhong, Cheng Dujuan, Qu Jinling, Song Ze, Meng Xianghai, Zhao Yuntong, Shi Xinrui. Effects of Controlled Irrigation and Fertilization on Growth, Yield and Quality of Japonica Rice in Cold Region [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(5): 152-158.
[8] Cao Shaona, Wu Lixiao, Guan Yaobing, Wang Kexiong. Effects of Different Types and Dosage of Bacterial Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Broccoli [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(5): 159-166.
[9] Li Junzhi, Wang Xiaodong, Dou Shuang, Xin Zongxu, Wu Hongsheng, Zhou Yufei, Xiao Jibing. Effects of L-Tryptophan on Growth and Development of Sorghum under Low Nitrogen Condition [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(5): 175-180.
[10] Liu Zichen, Shang Liyan, Ye Jiayu, Sheng Tian, Li Ruijie, Deng Jun, Tian Xiaohai, Zhang Yunbo, Huang Liying. Effects of Dense Planting with Reduced Nitrogen Input Cultivation on the Grain Quality of Hybrid Indica Rice [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(5): 194-203.
[11] Zhou Qi, Wu Fang, Wang Zhenlong, Xu Zhipeng, Deng Chaochao, Shi Zhiguo, Zhang Jing, Su Cuicui, Yu Yalin, Zhou Yanfang. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Biochar Application Rate Interaction on Growth and Root-Knot Nematode Disease of Greenhouse Tomatoes [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(5): 212-219.
[12] Zhou Xue, Han Fang, Su Leping, Li Xingxing, Niu Hongwei, Guo Wei, Yuan Hongʼan. Effects of Planting Density on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Spring Foxtail Millet [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(5): 241-246.
[13] Dong Mingyu, Zheng Hongfeng, Zhu Zhe. Effects of Different Endosperm Phenotypes on Agronomic Traits and Yield in Sorghum [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(5): 29-34.
[14] Wang Yifan, Lin Tao, Wang Dong, Wang Xincui, Zhang Hao, Liu Haijun, Chen Maoguang, Tang Qiuxiang. Effects of Biodegradable Film and Irrigation Quota on Soil Hydrothermal Characteristics in Cotton Field [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(5): 86-95.
[15] Yuan Shuai, He Mingjuan, Cui Can, Han Yu, Yu Peng, Yi Zhenxie. Effects of Different Base Application Amounts of Calcium- Magnesium Hydrotalcite in Early Rice on Yield and Rice Quality of Double-Cropping Rice in Southern Hunan [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(4): 113-120.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!