Crops ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 113-119.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.04.017

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Effects of Drip Irrigation Frequency on Yield and Quality of Chemical Defoliated Cotton

Abudukadier Kuerban1,Xia Dong1,Zhang Jusong1,Cui Jianping2,Guo Rensong2,Lin Tao2   

  1. 1 Agricultural College, Xinjiang Agricultural University/Research Center of Cotton Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
    2 Institute of Economic Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2019-01-02 Revised:2019-06-12 Online:2019-08-15 Published:2019-08-06
  • Contact: Jusong Zhang

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Abstract:

In order to determine the frequency of drip irrigation with better defoliation effect and higher yield, the effects of different frequency of drip irrigation on soil moisture content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, defoliation effect and yield and quality of chemical defoliated cotton were studied. The results showed that 7 times of drip irrigation (D7) could provide suitable soil water content for cotton growth at later stage and effectively regulate soil water content of 20-40cm in soil depth, so that the fluorescence parameters and yield of chemical defoliation cotton leaves could be adjusted suitably. Photosynthetic activity could be reduced accordingly, the growth of defoliation rate and flocculation rate of cotton could be promoted and the branch hanging rate could be reduced by 16.12%-24.95%. In conclusion the yield was increased by 7.61%-15.99%, fiber length and textile consistency were increased by 1.91%-3.87%, and 4.58%-14.72%, respectively. Therefore, drip irrigation frequency of 7 times (D7) is more suitable for cotton harvesting in chemical defoliation machine in southern Xinjiang.

Key words: Cotton, Drip irrigation frequency, Defoliant, Yield, Fiber quality, Influencing mechanism

Table 1

Irrigation time and irrigation quantity"

滴灌频次
Frequency of
drip irrigation		 滴灌时间(月-日)和滴灌量(m3/hm2)
Irrigation time (Month-day) and irrigation quantity
6-21 7-01 7-11 7-21 7-31 8-10 8-20 8-30
D6 280 560 560 560 560 280 0 0
D7 280 420 420 560 420 420 280 0
D8 280 280 420 420 420 420 280 280

Fig.1

Weather conditions before and after chemical defoliation"

Fig.2

Effects of drip irrigation frequency on soil moisture content of defoliated cotton"

Fig.3

Effects of different drip irrigation frequencies on defoliation rate, flocculation rate and branch hanging rate of defoliated cotton Different letters indicate significant difference at 0.05 level, the same below"

Table 2

Effects of drip irrigation frequencies on yield and yield components of defoliated cotton"

滴灌频次
Frequency of
drip irrigation		 收获株数(×104株/hm2)
Harvest plant
(×104plants/hm2)		 单株结铃数
Bolls number
per plant		 单铃重(g)
Weight
per boll		 衣分(%)
Lint
percentage		 子棉产量
(kg/hm2)
Seed cotton yield		 皮棉产量
(kg/hm2)
Lint yield
D6 20.25a 5.07b 6.05a 44.51b 6 216.56b 2 767.38b
D7 20.56a 5.31a 6.09a 47.46a 6 685.36a 3 173.28a
D8 20.08a 4.94b 5.81b 43.65b 5 763.72c 2 536.23c

Table 3

Effects of drip irrigation frequency on fiber quality of defoliated cotton"

处理
Treatment		 平均长度(mm)
Average length		 整齐度(%)
Uniformity index		 断裂比强度
Fracture specific strength		 伸长率(%)
Elongation		 短纤维指数
Short fiber index		 马克隆值
Micronaire		 纺织一致性
Textile consistency
D6 26.62a 82.53b 24.52a 6.05a 8.13a 5.60a 98.50a
D7 27.65a 83.63a 26.23a 6.83a 6.27b 5.28a 113.00a
D8 27.13a 83.48a 26.25a 7.00a 6.83b 5.63a 107.83a

Fig.4

Effects of drip irrigation frequencies on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of defoliated cotton"

Table 4

Correlation analysis of soil water content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and defoliation effect of cotton"

指标Index S0~20 S20~40 S40~60 Fo Fv/Fm qP NPQ Yield ETR LRR BOR HBR
S0~20 -1
S20~40 -0.70 -1
S40~60 -0.94 -0.90 -1
Fo -0.69 -0.99** -0.89 -1
Fv/Fm -0.81 -0.99** -0.96* -0.98* -1
qP -0.27 -0.87 -0.58 -0.88 -0.78 -1
NPQ -0.99** -0.77 -0.97* -0.76 -0.87 -0.36 -1
Yield -0.81 -0.99** -0.96* -0.98** -1.00** -0.78 -0.87 -1
ETR -0.89 -0.95* -0.99** -0.94 -0.99** -0.67 -0.93 -0.99** -1
LRR -0.85 -0.97* -0.98* -0.97* -0.99** -0.74 -0.89 -0.99** -0.99** -1
BOR -0.15 -0.60 -0.20 -0.62 -0.45 -0.91 -0.05 -0.45 -0.31 -0.40 1
HBR -0.99** -0.76 -0.97* -0.75 -0.86 -0.35 -0.99** -0.86 -0.93 -0.89 0.06 1
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