Crops ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 1-10.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2022.01.001

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Research Progress on High-Yield, High-Quality, High-Efficiency and Ecology Cultivation of Wheat Micro-Sprinkling and Drip Fertigation

Shi Xionggao1,3(), Pei Xuexia2(), Dang Jianyou2, Zhang Dingyi2   

  1. 1College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, Shanxi, China
    2Wheat Research Institute, Shanxi Agricultural University, Linfen 041000, Shanxi, China
    3Party Office, Hezhou University, Hezhou 542899, Guangxi, China
  • Received:2021-06-23 Revised:2021-08-17 Online:2022-02-15 Published:2022-02-16
  • Contact: Pei Xuexia E-mail:1778719408@qq.com;peixuexia@163.com

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Abstract:

High-yield, high-quality, high-efficiency and ecology cultivation is the development goal of modern agriculture, and fertigation technology is an effective method to achieve this goal, it has made important contributions to national food security and sustainable agricultural development. In wheat cultivation, micro-sprinkling and drip fertigation technology can achieve water saving of 30%-40%, fertilizer saving of 20%-30%, yield increasing of 15%-30%, improve water and fertilizer utilization rate of 40%-60% and 30%-50%, respectively. At the same time, it can upgrade the grain quality of wheat, diminish the accumulation of NO3--N in the soil layer below 100cm, reduce the risk of nitrogen leaching, and alleviate the N2O emission from the soil to the atmosphere. In this thesis, fertigation technology and its development current status in global were summarized, and the effects of micro-sprinkling and drip fertigation technology on wheat yield and quality, water and fertilizer utilization rate and migration law, N2O gas emission were reviewed. This review provide a theoretical reference for it from “High-End Agriculture” to universal, and from facility agriculture to field.

Key words: Fertigation, Wheat, Yield and quality, High-efficiency of water and fertilizer, Migration of water and fertilizer, N2O emission

Table 1

Utilization of water resources and chemical fertilizers in agricultural production in China from 2015 to 2019"

年份
Year		 农业用水量
Agricultural water
consumption
(×108 m3)		 农业化肥用量
Agricultural fertilizer consumption (×104 t)
氮肥
Nitrogen		 磷肥
Phosphorus		 钾肥
Potassium
2015 3852.2 2361.57 843.06 642.28
2016 3768.0 2310.46 829.99 636.90
2017 3766.4 2221.81 797.59 619.74
2018 3693.1 2065.43 728.88 590.28
2019 3682.3 1930.21 681.58 561.13

Table 2

Comparison of production benefits between fertigation and farmers’ traditional irrigation and fertilization practices in wheat cultivation in China"

灌水施肥方式
Irrigation and
fertilization method		 项目
Item		 灌水量
Irrigation
amount (mm)		 氮肥施用量
N application rate
(kg/hm2)		 产量
Yield
(kg/hm2)		 水分生产力
Water productivity
(kg/m3)		 氮肥利用效率
Nitrogen use efficiency
(kg/kg)
水肥一体化 最小值 75 95 3 755.0 1.3 12.2
Fertigation 最大值 585 450 10 407.0 3.0 72.2
平均值 228 222 7 593.0 2.2 37.9
农民模式 最小值 120 165 4 452.2 0.7 16.9
Farmers’ practice 最大值 450 290 10 207.0 2.4 47.4
平均值 300 242 7 456.2 1.8 31.4

Table3

Irrigation areas of cultivated land and water-saving in China from 2015 to 2019 ×103hm2"

年份
Year		 耕地灌溉面积
Irrigation area of farmland		 节水灌溉工程面积
Water-saving irrigation project area		 喷灌、微喷灌面积
Sprinkler and micro-sprinkler irrigation area		 低压管灌面积
Low pressure pipe irrigation area
2015 65 873 31 060 9 012 8 912
2016 67 141 32 847 9 954 9 451
2017 67 816 34 319 10 561 9 990
2018 68 272 36 135 11 338 10 566
2019 68 679 37 059 11 598 11 043
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