Crops ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 184-189.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.01.027

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Effects of Drought Stress on Growth, Yield and Benefits of Kenaf in Vigorous Growing Period

Zhang Lixia1(), Guo Xiaoyan1, Shi Pengfei1, Nie Liangpeng1, Ling Jingwei1, Shen Peilin2, Ding Li1, Zhang Lin1, Lü Yuhu1, Pan Ziliang1()   

  1. 1Xinyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
    2Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Gushi County, Gushi 465200, Henan, China
  • Received:2021-10-21 Revised:2022-01-04 Online:2023-02-15 Published:2023-02-22

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Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of drought stress on kenaf growth and yield, and find the optimal critical value of water-saving irrigation, the effects of water stress on growth and yield of kenaf was studied in Zahong 992. The effects of different drought stress conditions on the growth indexes (leaf number, plant height, stem diameter and aboveground dry matter weight), yield and economic benefits of kenaf were studied by pot water control method. The results showed that drought stress significantly reduced the growth of kenaf and slowed down the growth rate of kenaf, and the increase of decreasing range was positively correlated with stress intensity and time. Kenaf after drought stress will undergo compensatory growth after rehydration. Compared to normal irrigation, short (five days) drought stress of mild (60%-65% soil moisture content) or moderate (40%- 45% soil moisture content) could save 45%-73% water. Moreover, the yield of kenaf can be increased by 8%-14%, and the comprehensive economic benefit could be increased by 2445-3729 yuan/ha. However, severe (20%-25% soil water content) or long-term (> 15 days) drought stress reduced the compensation effects and even caused injury. So, the soil water content accounting for 40%-45% of the maximum field water capacity was determined as the water critical index for the long-term increase of yield and efficiency.

Key words: Drought stress, Kenaf, Growth, Yield

Fig.1

Growth appearance of kenaf in different drought stress groups on the 15th day of drought stress"

Table 1

Growth and development of kenaf under different treatments"

处理
Treatment		 生长指标
Growth index		 干旱胁迫时间Drought stress time (d)
0 5 10 15 20
CK 叶片数Leaf number 14.33±0.88a 17.33±0.88a 22.67±0.88ab 27.00±1.15a 30.67±0.88a
株高Plant height (cm) 60.11±2.38a 66.68±2.43a 84.94±2.43a 99.20±3.04a 111.96±2.60a
茎粗Stem diameter (mm) 5.50±0.17a 6.91±0.18a 8.12±0.20a 9.46±0.37a 10.01±0.33a
地上干物质重Aboveground dry matter weight (g) 3.49±0.30a 7.41±1.99a 10.97±1.96a 15.44±1.89a 19.43±3.44a
LS 叶片数Leaf number 14.67±0.33a 17.33±0.88a 23.33±1.20a 26.67±1.33a 30.33±1.20a
株高Plant height (cm) 62.04±1.93a 68.05±1.96a 81.97±2.12ab 93.78±2.63a 99.96±3.87ab
茎粗Stem diameter (mm) 5.57±0.16a 6.54±0.17b 7.58±0.21b 8.70±0.28a 9.11±0.44ab
地上干物质重Aboveground dry matter weight (g) 3.21±0.23a 4.87±0.98b 8.12±0.98b 14.61±4.38a 17.26±0.38b
MS 叶片数Leaf number 13.67±0.67a 15.33±0.33a 19.33±0.88bc 21.33±0.88b 24.50±0.29b
株高Plant height (cm) 63.81±1.73a 66.88±1.91a 74.43±2.07b 80.10±2.90b 87.54±4.12b
茎粗Stem diameter (mm) 5.84±0.12a 6.17±0.12c 6.96±0.16c 7.68±0.19b 8.43±0.23b
地上干物质重Aboveground dry matter weight (g) 3.10±0.24a 3.95±0.90b 7.57±1.74b 12.32±3.66b 12.72±0.32c
SS 叶片数Leaf number 15.00±0.58a 16.67±0.00a 17.00±0.58c 17.67±0.33b 18.33±0.00c
株高Plant height (cm) 63.21±1.64a 63.91±1.55a 65.42±1.60c 66.04±2.01c 65.63±2.52c
茎粗Stem diameter (mm) 5.87±0.15a 6.01±0.13c 6.30±0.15d 6.53±0.21c 6.40±0.24c
地上干物质重Aboveground dry matter weight (g) 3.05±0.33a 3.15±0.66b 5.24±0.34c 6.52±1.08c 5.67±0.77d

Fig.2

Growth rate of main characters of kenaf under different treatments Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference under the different stress time of the same stress degree (P < 0.05), different capital letters indicate significant difference under the different stress degree of the same stress time (P < 0.05)"

Fig.3

Increasement of main economic characters of kenaf at maturity"

Table 2

Economic benefits of different stress treatments"

胁迫时间
Stress
time (d)		 处理
Treatment		 灌水量
Irrigation
quantity
(m3/hm2)		 产量
Yield
(kg/hm2)		 经济效益
（元/hm2）
Economic benefits
(yuan/hm2)
5 CK 1007.8±20.7 3584.1±180.9 24 484.2
LS 553.4±21.4 4077.9±211.0 28 213.4
MS 264.5±21.1 3869.7±152.5 26 929.2
SS 42.1±9.3 3445.9±194.2 24 096.4
10 CK 2347.7±58.5 3969.1±213.7 26 375.4
LS 1369.7±37.2 3961.8±88.3 26 911.1
MS 717.2±26.8 3877.4±122.5 26 711.3
SS 115.3±19.0 3110.7±87.3 21 706.0
15 CK 3113.0±54.7 3852.5±114.7 25 099.8
LS 1941.8±35.6 3575.8±92.6 23 865.8
MS 1028.9±24.3 3460.3±107.4 23 605.0
SS 239.0±21.2 2651.5±114.9 18 416.7
20 CK 3778.2±67.9 3686.7±64.7 23 539.8
LS 2452.5±27.7 3077.6±152.0 20 071.4
MS 1300.1±21.6 2507.9±149.9 16 775.5
SS 309.9±25.1 1953.0±179.4 13 484.9
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