Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 147-152.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.06.020

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Effects of Diatomite Application on Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Rice

Zeng Qianqian1(), Zhang Zhenyuan1, Ma Xiue1, Fang Yinghan1, Zhai Jinlei1, Jin Tao1(), Liu Dong2, Liu Zhangyong1   

  1. 1Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University / College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China
    2Guangzhou lnstitute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences / Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Chinese Academy of Sciences / Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
  • Received:2023-08-11 Revised:2023-11-08 Online:2024-12-15 Published:2024-12-05

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Abstract:

In order to determine the effects of diatomite (Si), N (N), and combination of N and diatomite (N+Si) on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency, experiments were conducted in Jingzhou, Hubei province from 2021 to 2022, with no diatomite and nitrogen as control (CK). The yield, its components and nitrogen use efficiency were measured and analyzed. The results showed that, compared with CK, Si treatment had no significant effect on rice yield. But compare with N, N+Si treatment significantly increased the yield by 39.26% and 19.80% in 2021 and 2022, respectively. The higher yield observed for N+Si treatment were attributed to higher effective panicle number, seed-setting rate and 1000-grain weight. In addition, compared with CK, Si, N and N+Si treatments significantly increased the above-ground dry matter accumulation at rice maturation, in the order of N+Si > N > Si > CK. Compared with N, N+Si treatment significantly improved the nitrogen recovery efficiency, nitrogen agronomic efficiency, nitrogen physiological utilization efficiency and nitrogen partial factor productivity, but significantly reduced the nitrogen harvest index. In summary, the combination of diatomite and nitrogen fertilizer can significantly improve the yield, biomass and nitrogen fertilizer utilization of rice in the Jianghan plain.

Key words: Rice, Diatomite, Yield, Dry matter accumulation, Nitrogen use efficiency

Table 1

Diatomite nutrient content %"

SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO K2O Na2O MnO TiO2 P2O5 烧失量Firing loss 总计Total
62.48 15.34 4.63 0.52 0.69 1.23 0.34 0.02 0.22 0.10 14.55 100.12

Table 2

Effects of different treatments on the yield and its components of rice in 2021-2022"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 有效穗数
Effective panicles
(×104/hm2)		 穗粒数
Number of grains
per panicle		 结实率
Seed-setting
rate (%)		 千粒重
1000-grain
weight (g)		 产量
Yield
(kg/hm2)
2021 CK 273.60±1.18c 129.76±0.54c 78.87±0.04c 23.51±0.14b 6852.61±42.42c
Si 269.56±0.89c 136.93±0.59ab 77.52±0.11d 23.57±0.20b 6744.80±52.22c
N 321.28±1.59b 138.72±0.64a 81.13±0.13b 24.77±0.21a 8955.10±80.04b
N+Si 375.40±1.74a 136.53±0.75b 83.78±0.06a 24.44±0.22a 10 495.99±99.53a
2022 CK 238.21±0.40c 127.00±0.76c 76.99±0.10c 23.25±0.26b 5414.84±130.05c
Si 239.82±0.98c 126.04±1.05c 75.64±0.21d 22.9±0.15b 5249.97±140.33c
N 314.67±2.43b 146.91±0.92a 78.63±0.13b 24.2±0.16a 8619.84±230.22b
N+Si 376.97±4.03a 139.13±1.82b 81.46±0.02a 24.54±0.20a 10 478.01±219.65a
差异分析Analysis of variance
年份Years (Y) ** ns ** ** **
氮Nitrogen (N) ** ** ** ** **
硅藻土Diatomite (Si) ** ns ** ns **
年份×氮Y×N ** ** ** ns **
年份×硅藻土Y×Si ** ** ns ns ns
氮×硅藻土N×Si ** ** ** ns **
年份×氮×硅藻土Y×N×Si ns ns ns * *

Fig.1

Dry matter accumulation in various organs of rice at different growth stages in 2021-2022 Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at P < 0.05 level."

Table 3

Effects of different treatments on nitrogen utilization efficiency of rice from 2021 to 2022"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 氮素总吸收量
Total nitrogen
uptake		 氮肥吸收利用率
N recovery
efficiency (%)		 氮肥农学利用率
N agronomic
efficiency (kg/kg)		 氮肥生理利用率
N physiological utilization
efficiency (kg/kg)		 氮肥偏生产力
N partial factor
productivity (kg/kg)		 氮素收获指数
N harvest
index (%)
2021 CK 66.49±1.73d 70.92±0.24a
Si 105.87±2.62c 60.45±0.17b
N 136.50±1.49b 38.89±0.77b 13.74±0.32b 35.36±0.75b 49.75±0.44b 55.50±0.33c
N+Si 162.55±1.32a 53.36±0.48a 21.07±0.49a 40.72±1.11a 58.31±0.55a 53.00±0.21d
2022 CK 44.78±1.01d 58.45±0.39a
Si 69.06±2.66c 57.26±0.41b
N 107.73±2.28b 34.97±0.79b 17.39±0.18b 48.67±0.59b 47.89±0.64b 50.70±0.27c
N+Si 132.37±1.99a 48.66±0.74a 28.88±0.29a 56.31±1.31a 57.90±0.74a 46.71±0.23d
差异分析Analysis of variance
年份Years (Y) ** ** ** ** ns **
氮Nitrogen (N) ** ns ns ns ns **
硅藻土Diatomite (Si) ** ** ** ** ** **
年份×氮Y×N ns ns ns ns ns **
年份×硅藻土Y×Si ** ns ** ns ns **
氮×硅藻土N×Si ** ns ns ns ns **
年份×氮×硅藻土Y×N×Si ** ns ns ns ns **

Fig.2

Correlation analysis between yield and its components, dry matter and nitrogen use efficiency from 2021 to 2022 P: effective panicle number, GW: 1000-grain weight, SP: number of grains per panicle, GT: seed-setting rate, Y: yield, SDW: stem dry weight, LDW: leaf dry weight, PDW: panicle dry weight, TDW: total aboveground dry matter accumulation,“*”indicates significant correlation at P < 0.05 level."

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