Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 181-187.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.04.023

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Effects of Combined Lime and Pig Manure Application on Grain Quality of Double-Cropping High-Quality Rice

Deng Zhou(), Gong Chenxu, He Yuxuan, Zeng Yongjun, Huang Shan()   

  1. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding/College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, China
  • Received:2024-05-29 Revised:2024-07-03 Online:2025-08-15 Published:2025-08-12

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Abstract:

Using high-quality rice varieties Qiliangyou 2012 (early rice) and Taiyou 871 (late rice) as experimental materials, three treatments: application of chemical fertilization (NPK), 50% of chemical nitrogen substituted by pig manure (1/2N+M), and combined application of lime with pig manure (1/2N+M+L) were set up to explore the effects of lime and pig manure combination application on the quality of the high-quality double-cropping rice. The results showed that in terms of milling quality, compared with NPK, 1/2N+M and 1/2N+M+L in the early rice season increased the milled rice rate by 1.20 and 2.18 percentage points in 2019, with the head rice rate increased by 1.40 and 1.76 percentage points in 2020, respectively. In terms of appearance quality, compared with NPK, 1/2N+M and 1/2N+M+L in the early rice season reduced the chalky grain rate by 3.65 and 4.99 percentage points, and reduced chalkiness by 1.45 and 1.52 percentage points in 2020, respectively. Compared with NPK, 1/2N+M+L reduced the chalkiness of the late rice by 3.11 percentage points in 2019. Compared with NPK and 1/2N+M, 1/2N+M+L in the early rice season reduced the amylose content by 1.27 and 1.01 percentage points and increased gel consistency by 4.74% and 7.19% in 2019, respectively. Compared with 1/2N+M, the 1/2N+M+L in the late rice season reduced the amylose content by 0.89 percentage points and increased gel consistency by 2.37% in 2020. Compared with NPK, 1/2N+M+L in the late rice season reduced the setback by 8.58% in 2020, but increased the breakdown by 38.04% and 11.22% in 2019 and 2020, respectively. Compared with NPK, 1/2N+M significantly increased the cadmium concentration in polished early rice in 2020, while 1/2N+M+L significantly reduced the cadmium concentration relative to 1/2N+M. Therefore, the combined application of lime and pig manure can promote soil fertility as well as improving the processing, appearance, taste and hygiene quality of the high-quality double-cropping rice.

Key words: Double-cropping rice, Soil acidification, Organic fertilizer, Rice quality, Cadmium

Table 1

Effects of combined lime and pig manure application on the milling quality of the early rice %"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 糙米率
Brown rice rate		 精米率
Milled rice rate		 整精米率
Head rice rate
2019 NPK 78.63±1.25a 61.99±1.07b 38.75±0.11b
1/2N+M 79.36±0.72a 63.19±1.10a 40.77±1.80b
1/2N+M+L 79.37±0.72a 64.17±0.97a 46.19±0.53a
2020 NPK 78.27±0.30a 55.82±0.54a 42.90±0.63b
1/2N+M 77.90±0.33a 55.26±0.10a 44.30±0.10a
1/2N+M+L 77.44±0.79a 56.00±0.65a 44.66±0.64a

Table 2

Effects of combined lime and pig manure application on the milling quality of the late rice %"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 糙米率
Brown rice rate		 精米率
Milled rice rate		 整精米率
Head rice rate
2019 NPK 75.80±1.59a 64.61±4.60a 46.34±5.60a
1/2N+M 77.35±0.87a 62.58±0.56a 43.92±2.06a
1/2N+M+L 79.18±2.25a 65.10±2.45a 49.36±4.86a
2020 NPK 81.44±0.38a 69.87±0.08a 60.89±0.86a
1/2N+M 81.25±0.23a 69.39±0.62a 59.46±1.66a
1/2N+M+L 81.37±0.47a 69.53±0.02a 61.94±1.07a

Table 3

Effects of combined lime and pig manure application on the appearance quality of the early rice %"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 垩白粒率
Chalky grain rate		 垩白度
Chalkiness
2019 NPK 17.75±0.81a 5.67±0.13a
1/2N+M 16.38±0.89a 5.25±0.68ab
1/2N+M+L 15.66±1.41a 4.68±0.19b
2020 NPK 18.46±2.66a 5.73±0.28a
1/2N+M 14.81±0.80b 4.28±0.13b
1/2N+M+L 13.47±0.77b 4.21±0.13b

Table 4

Effects of combined lime and pig manure application on the appearance quality of the late rice %"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 垩白粒率
Chalky grain rate		 垩白度
Chalkiness
2019 NPK 18.87±3.76a 8.61±1.86a
1/2N+M 15.15±1.16a 6.79±0.59ab
1/2N+M+L 14.28±2.32a 5.50±0.76b
2020 NPK 5.90±0.08a 1.35±0.02a
1/2N+M 5.88±1.14a 1.38±0.06a
1/2N+M+L 5.83±0.53a 1.37±0.12a

Table 5

Effects of combined lime and pig manure application on the amylose content and gel consistency of the early rice"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 直链淀粉含量
Amylose content (%)		 胶稠度
Gel consistency (mm)
2019 NPK 16.81±0.15a 70.00±0.24b
1/2N+M 16.55±0.40a 68.40±0.97b
1/2N+M+L 15.54±0.65b 73.32±1.94a
2020 NPK 16.55±0.23a 69.56±2.10b
1/2N+M 16.17±0.36ab 73.86±0.82ab
1/2N+M+L 15.94±0.23b 75.56±1.00a

Table 6

Effects of combined lime and pig manure application on the amylose content and gel consistency of the late rice"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 直链淀粉含量
Amylose content (%)		 胶稠度
Gel consistency (mm)
2019 NPK 18.23±2.58a 81.36±2.20a
1/2N+M 18.43±1.58a 81.29±1.50a
1/2N+M+L 18.86±0.92a 84.64±1.46a
2020 NPK 17.03±0.45ab 64.15±0.53ab
1/2N+M 17.70±0.30a 64.05±0.15b
1/2N+M+L 16.81±0.25b 65.57±0.77a

Table 7

Effects of combined lime and pig manure application on the RVA of the early rice"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 最高黏度
Peak
viscosity (cP)		 热浆黏度
Hot paste
viscosity (cP)		 最终黏度
Final
viscosity (cP)		 崩解值
Breakdown
(cP)		 消减值
Setback
(cP)		 峰值时间
Peak time
(min)		 糊化温度
Pasting
temperature (℃)
2019 NPK 3821±135.97a 1791±81.87a 3074±98.33b 2030±135.91a -747±99.36a 5.69±0.03a 76.30±0.05a
1/2N+M 3773±141.99a 1779±98.60a 3090±58.28ab 1993±105.31a -682±106.88a 5.71±0.03a 76.33±0.08a
1/2N+M+L 3990±74.32a 1905±100.71a 3272±119.04a 2085±155.89a -718±183.53a 5.78±0.08a 76.85±0.95a
2020 NPK 3307±133.99a 1970±65.09a 3120±122.05a 1337±119.49a -187±40.95a 6.05±0.17a 80.30±2.35a
1/2N+M 3398±343.43a 2006±154.72a 3225±179.23a 1392±190.58a -266±28.58a 6.00±0.07a 78.73±0.06a
1/2N+M+L 3623±225.87a 2004±156.92a 3240±184.72a 1619±90.32a -384±45.83b 5.82±0.04a 80.02±2.33a

Table 8

Effects of combined lime and pig manure application on the RVA of the late rice"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 最高黏度
Peak viscosity
(cP)		 热浆黏度
Hot paste
viscosity (cP)		 最终黏度
Final viscosity
(cP)		 崩解值
Breakdown
(cP)		 消减值
Setback
(cP)		 峰值时间
Peak time
(min)		 糊化温度
Pasting
temperature (℃)
2019 NPK 2749±82.33b 1516±52.35b 2809±102.58b 1233±103.57b 60±8.72a 5.69±0.06a 78.43±0.09a
1/2N+M 3278±193.62a 1803±88.72a 3201±145.72a 1481±149.86ab -77±8.83ab 5.67±0.03a 78.47±0.87a
1/2N+M+L 3644±206.18a 1942±79.45a 3412±149.86a 1702±98.62a -232±30.26b 5.76±0.07a 78.17±0.46a
2020 NPK 1803±28.94b 1207±47.43a 2476±85.85a 597±20.03b 699±10.97a 5.94±0.12a 92.58±0.45a
1/2N+M 1822±53.01ab 1223±40.95a 2492±83.34a 599±21.78b 666±24.11b 5.93±0.07a 92.28±0.06a
1/2N+M+L 1925±63.09a 1261±27.07a 2567±44.88a 664±36.02a 639±6.43b 5.89±0.03a 92.30±0.02a

Fig.1

Effects of combined lime and pig manure application on the cadmium concentration in polished rice Different lowercase letters mean significant differences among treatments in the same year (P < 0.05)."

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