Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 131-139.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.05.019

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Effects of Calcium-Magnesium Hydrotalcite on Cadmium Content in Brown Rice of Double-Cropping Rice and Soil Characteristics

Tian Qinqin1,2(), Zhuo Le1, Chen Nana1, Zheng Dechao1, Wu Xiaojing3, Yu Peng4, Chen Pingping1, Yi Zhenxie1()   

  1. 1College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
    2Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Hengnan County, Hengyang 421100, Hunan, China
    3Chenzhou Crop Seed Reserve and Technology Promotion Station, Chenzhou 423000, Hunan, China
    4College of Chemistry and Materials Science,Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
  • Received:2023-07-25 Revised:2023-12-06 Online:2024-10-15 Published:2024-10-16

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Abstract:

In order to explore the effect of calcium-magnesium hydrotalcite (CMH) on cadmium content of brown rice in double-cropping rice and its suitable application methods, a two-year field experiment was conducted under different application methods of CMH (CK, 0; T1, basal application of 3000 kg/ha in early rice in first year; T2, basal application of 1500 kg/ha in early rice in first year; T3, basal application of 1500 kg/ha in early rice per year; T4, basal application of 750 kg/ha per season; T5, basal application of 375 kg/ha per season). The results showed that CMH could significantly reduce the cadmium content in brown rice of double cropping rice, but the decrease varied between varieties and years. The decrease in cadmium content of brown rice in various varieties in 2021 increased with the increment of CMH dosage, but there was no significant difference among T1, T2, and T3 treatments. The decrease in cadmium content in brown rice in 2022 was the largest in T3 treatment. CMH significantly increased soil pH and nutrients content, and reduced soil available cadmium content, and T1 and T3 treatments were the best in 2021 and 2022, respectively. Principle component analysis and correlation analysis showed that the amount of CMH was significantly negatively correlated with the available cadmium content in soil and the cadmium content in brown rice, while it was significantly positively correlated with soil pH, available phosphorus, available potassium, and alkaline nitrogen content. It can be seen that reasonable application of CMH can improve soil acidity, increase soil nutrient content, reduce effective cadmium content in soil, and ultimately reduce cadmium content in brown rice. In summary, T3 was the optimal treatment under the experimental conditions.

Key words: Rice, Calcium-magnesium hydrotalcite, Application method, Yield, Cadmium content in brown rice, Soil characteristics

Table 1

Effects of calcium-magnesium hydrotalcite on actual yield of double-cropping rice kg/hm2"

年份Year 品种Variety CK T1 T2 T3 T4 T5
2021 湘早籼45号 4.75±0.07c 5.20±0.08a 5.03±0.14ab 5.05±0.05b 4.96±0.09bc 4.79±0.05c
陆两优996 5.56±0.06c 5.89±0.13a 6.16±0.13a 6.08±0.01a 6.02±0.11b 5.78±0.03b
玉针香 6.52±0.13c 7.05±0.11a 6.63±0.09bc 7.14±0.03a 6.77±0.13abc 6.63±0.03c
创两优669 6.91±0.10c 7.69±0.10a 7.52±0.10ab 7.76±0.04a 7.23±0.16bc 7.18±0.04b
2022 湘早籼45号 6.39±0.07b 7.19±0.04a 7.13±0.12a 7.21±0.09a 6.49±0.09b 6.47±0.04b
株两优4026 7.48±0.10c 8.36±0.08ab 8.30±0.15ab 8.50±0.05a 8.17±0.30b 7.52±0.04c
玉针香 5.03±0.13c 5.27±0.03b 5.14±0.03c 5.55±0.03a 5.55±0.01a 5.13±0.04c
创两优669 5.82±0.10d 6.43±0.10b 6.15±0.06c 6.69±0.01a 6.67±0.03a 6.05±0.03c

Table 2

Effects of calcium-magnesium hydrotalcite on cadmium content in brown rice of double-cropping rice mg/kg"

年份Year 品种Variety CK T1 T2 T3 T4 T5
2021 湘早籼45号 0.09±0.01a 0.05±0.02d 0.05±0.01d 0.05±0.01d 0.06±0.01c 0.08±0.01b
陆两优996 0.10±0.01a 0.04±0.01d 0.05±0.01c 0.05±0.01c 0.07±0.02b 0.08±0.01b
玉针香 0.18±0.02a 0.09±0.01c 0.09±0.01c 0.09±0.01c 0.13±0.01b 0.12±0.01b
创两优669 0.15±0.01a 0.06±0.01c 0.07±0.01c 0.07±0.01c 0.11±0.01b 0.13±0.01b
2022 湘早籼45号 0.41±0.01a 0.18±0.01d 0.27±0.01c 0.14±0.01e 0.20±0.01cd 0.32±0.01b
株两优4026 0.26±0.01a 0.14±0.02d 0.18±0.01b 0.12±0.01e 0.16±0.01c 0.25±0.01a
玉针香 0.33±0.02a 0.19±0.01b 0.20±0.02b 0.11±0.02c 0.13±0.02c 0.20±0.02b
创两优669 0.28±0.02a 0.14±0.01cd 0.15±0.02bc 0.12±0.02d 0.13±0.02cd 0.18±0.02b

Fig.1

Effects of calcium-magnesium hydrotalcite on soil pH in double-cropping rice field RS: regreening stage, TP: tillering peak stage, BS: booting stage, FH: full heading stage, MG: mid-grouting stage, MS: mature stage. The same below."

Fig.2

Effects of calcium-magnesium hydrotalcite on soil available cadmium in double-cropping rice field"

Table 3

Effects of calcium-magnesium hydrotalcite on soil nutrients in double-cropping rice fields mg/kg"

年份Year 季别Season 处理Treatment 速效钾Available K 速效磷Available P 碱解氮Available N
2021 早稻 CK 100.00±10.50b 60.88±1.27c 157.27±1.46c
T1 140.00±11.55a 79.43±1.64a 178.97±1.07a
T2 113.33±11.55b 77.63±1.61ab 177.80±1.40a
T3 113.33±11.55b 77.09±1.59ab 176.87±0.81a
T4 106.67±11.55b 76.42±1.07b 164.03±1.62b
T5 106.67±11.55b 63.40±1.32c 161.93±2.02b
晚稻 CK 126.67±11.55c 72.41±1.50c 146.53±2.25c
T1 166.67±11.55a 84.84±1.75a 167.77±1.07a
T2 153.33±11.55ab 77.27±1.60b 165.20±3.30ab
T3 153.33±11.55ab 75.83±1.57b 164.27±3.59ab
T4 146.67±11.55abc 75.11±1.55bc 163.80±0.70ab
T5 133.33±11.55bc 72.41±1.50c 160.53±1.62b
2022 早稻 CK 113.33±11.55b 36.08±2.28c 172.20±3.70b
T1 153.33±11.55a 44.97±3.34a 184.80±4.85a
T2 140.00±20.00ab 41.90±2.27ab 183.40±5.05ab
T3 140.00±20.00ab 45.33±0.89a 187.13±7.05a
T4 133.33±11.55ab 39.68±1.73bc 182.93±5.30ab
T5 133.33±11.55ab 39.26±1.30bc 182.47±6.31ab
晚稻 CK 166.67±11.55b 38.49±3.54d 92.87±5.66b
T1 240.00±10.00a 49.52±2.77b 106.40±7.79ab
T2 186.67±11.55b 46.35±3.42c 100.33±5.83ab
T3 260.00±20.00a 55.97±2.60a 107.80±9.18a
T4 186.67±11.55b 46.14±6.68c 97.07±5.83ab
T5 180.00±12.00b 39.38±0.68c 92.87±3.52b

Fig.3

Principal component analysis of effects of calcium-magnesium hydrotalcite on soil pH, available cadmium and nutrients AC: available cadmium, AP: available P, AK: available K, AN: available N. The same below."

Fig.4

Correlation between calcium-magnesium hydrotalcite and soil characteristics and cadmium content in brown rice Z and W indicate early rice and late rice, respectively; 1 and 2 indicate 2021 and 2022, respectively; C indicates cadmium content in brown rice. CM: calcium magnesium hydrotalcite dosage, XZX45: Xiangzaoxian 45, LLY996: Luliangyou 996, YZX: Yuzhenxiang, CLY669: Chuangliangyou 669, ZLY4026: Zhuliangyou 4026. *: P < 0.05, **: P < 0.01, ***: P < 0.001."

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