中俄大豆种质资源对大豆胞囊线虫3号生理小种的抗性评价
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Resistance Evaluation of Chinese and Russian Soybean Germplasm Resources against Soybean Cyst Nematode Race 3
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通讯作者:
收稿日期: 2026-01-4 修回日期: 2026-06-3 网络出版日期: 2026-06-09
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Received: 2026-01-4 Revised: 2026-06-3 Online: 2026-06-09
作者简介 About authors
项鹏,主要从事植物线虫研究,E-mail:
在自然条件下利用田间和盆栽相结合的传统方法,从537份中俄大豆种质中鉴定出19份对大豆胞囊线虫3号生理小种具有良好抗性的资源,占鉴定总数的3.54%,其中中国抗性资源11份,俄罗斯抗性资源8份。通过KASP标记技术,对控制该性状的主效位点Rhg1和Rhg4进行了等位基因检测,其中9份抗性材料在Rhg1和Rhg4有抗性位点,4份材料在Rhg4有抗性位点。这些抗性资源的农艺性状优良,不仅在生产中为大豆胞囊线虫3号生理小种高发区提供了抗性品种,也可以直接作为抗性亲本应用于育种,推进大豆胞囊线虫抗病品种选育的进程。
关键词:
The resistance of 537 soybean germplasm materials originating from China and Russia to soybean cyst nematode (SCN) race 3 was evaluated using a combination of field screening under natural infestation and pot experiments with infested soil. A total of 19 resistant materials were identified, accounting for 3.54% of the tested germplasm, including 11 accessions from China and eight from Russia. Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) markers were used to genotype the major resistance loci, Rhg1 and Rhg4. Among the resistant materials, nine carried resistance-associated alleles at both Rhg1 and Rhg4, while four possessed resistance alleles only at the Rhg4 locus. These resistant germplasm resources exhibited favorable agronomic traits and can serve not only as resistant cultivars for areas with a high incidence of soybean cyst nematode race 3 but also as valuable parental materials for resistance breeding programs. The identified resources provide important genetic materials for accelerating the development of soybean cyst nematode-resistant soybean cultivars.
Keywords:
本文引用格式
项鹏, 魏然, 杨树, 张武, 韩德志, 尤佳, 栗铭徽, 刘大伟.
Xiang Peng, Wei Ran, Yang Shu, Zhang Wu, Han Dezhi, You Jia, Li Minghui, Liu Dawei.
我国大豆抗胞囊线虫病育种的早期工作为后续相关研究奠定了重要基础。全国大豆种质抗胞囊线虫鉴定研究协作组研究[3]表明,1986-1990年间,通过对10 000余份大豆种质开展系统鉴定,成功筛选出对3号生理小种免疫材料3份、抗性材料18份以及抗4号小种材料2份。周长军等[4]在2020-2021年,通过田间病圃与室内盆栽接种试验,对620份东北地区常用大豆亲本进行了3号生理小种抗性鉴定,结果表明达到中抗及以上水平的品种(系)共30份,占鉴定总数的4.84%。李明姝等[5]于2014年在温室利用盆栽鉴定的方法对3号生理小种进行了抗病性鉴定,从779份大豆种质资源中筛选出19份抗病种质,占鉴定总数的2.44%。此后,大豆种质资源对大豆胞囊线虫不同生理小种的抗性鉴定逐渐成为一个活跃的研究方向,相关研究得以不断推进[6-
本研究以中国黑龙江省与俄罗斯阿穆尔州大豆主产区的537份核心种质为试验材料,采用表型鉴定与KASP分子标记检测相结合的技术体系,系统评价核心种质对大豆胞囊线虫3号生理小种的抗性,明确抗性位点基因型与农艺品质特征,旨在为黑龙江省大豆抗胞囊线虫育种提供多元化抗源与科学依据。
1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
本研究共收集了中俄大豆种质资源537份,其中中国大豆种质资源278份,主要来源于我国黑龙江大豆主产区,俄罗斯大豆种质资源259份,主要来源于俄罗斯阿穆尔州大豆主产区,具体材料信息详见网络增强出版附加材料附表1。大豆胞囊线虫采自黑龙江省农业科学院黑河分院大豆胞囊线虫病圃。
表1 抗性鉴定分级标准
Table 1
| 抗性级别 Resistance class | 分级标准 Grading standard | 抗性评价 Resistance evaluation |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 单株平均胞囊数为0个,植株生长正常 | 免疫(I) |
| 3 | 单株平均胞囊数在0.1~3.0个,植株生长正常 | 高抗(R) |
| 5 | 单株平均胞囊数在3.1~10.0个,植株生长基本正常或部分矮黄 | 中抗(MR) |
| 7 | 单株平均胞囊数在10.1~30.0个,植株矮小,叶片发黄,结实少 | 感(S) |
| 9 | 单株平均胞囊数在30.1个以上,植株不结实,干枯死亡 | 高感(HS) |
1.2 试验设计
1.2.1 生理小种鉴定
1.2.2 田间鉴定
1.2.3 盆栽抗性鉴定
表2 抗性鉴定分级标准
Table 2
| FI (%) | 抗性级别Resistance class |
|---|---|
| 0.0~10.0 | 高抗(R) |
| 10.1~30.0 | 中抗(MR) |
| 30.1~60.0 | 中感(MS) |
| > 60.0 | 感(S) |
1.2.4 KASP标记的分析
1.2.5 抗性种质资源农艺及品质性状调查
将田间鉴定和盆栽鉴定筛选出来的19份抗性材料随机区组排列播种在黑河分院试验基地,在大豆生长期调查抗性材料的农艺性状,参照邱丽娟等[17]的方法调查指标。在收获期调查百粒重,并测定蛋白质和脂肪含量。
1.3 数据处理
采用WPS软件进行数据处理与图表制作,使用WPS函数计算每组数据的平均值。
2 结果与分析
2.1 3号生理小种的鉴定
根据生理小种鉴定结果(表3),确定试验病圃中的线虫种群为大豆胞囊线虫3号生理小种,其生理小种类型未发生变异。
表3 大豆胞囊线虫3号生理小种鉴定结果
Table 3
| 鉴定材料 Identify material | 单株胞囊平均数 Average number of cysts per plant | FI (%) | 抗性评价 Resistance evaluation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pickett | 1.00 | 0.68 | R |
| Peking | 4.00 | 1.90 | R |
| PI88788 | 3.00 | 2.04 | R |
| PI90763 | 0.67 | 0.46 | R |
| Lee(CKS) | 147.00 | 100.00 | S |
2.2 大豆种质资源对3号生理小种的田间抗性鉴定评价
537份中俄大豆种质资源对3号生理小种抗性鉴定结果(表4)未发现表现免疫的品种。其中,19个大豆种质资源表现为抗病,占鉴定材料总数的3.54%,其中6个材料表现为高抗,13个材料表现为中抗。有518个大豆种质资源对3号生理小种表现为高感或感病,占鉴定材料总数的96.46%。
表4 537份大豆种质资源对3号生理小种抗性评价结果
Table 4
| 抗性评价 Resistance evaluation | 材料数 Number of materials | 所占比例 Percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|
| R | 6 | 1.12 |
| MR | 13 | 2.42 |
| S | 198 | 36.87 |
| HS | 320 | 59.59 |
2.3 大豆种质资源对3号生理小种的盆栽鉴定评价
经鉴定(表5),19份材料对大豆胞囊线虫3号生理小种均表现抗病,其中表现高抗的材料有安2-318、庆豆13、黑农531、抗线虫12、октябрь70和соната,表现中抗的材料有嫩丰18、农庆豆24、黑河52、黑河46、鹏豆158、齐农5、齐农12、Вецауцес、Киевская、Малета、Лондон、Росинка和Сентябрика。19份抗性材料中11份来自中国,8份来自俄罗斯。
表5 19份抗病材料的盆栽鉴定结果
Table 5
| 编号 Number | 材料 Material | 平均雌虫数 Average number of females | FI (%) | 抗性评价 Resistance evaluation | 来源 Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 安2-318 | 8.47 | 6.26 | R | 中国 |
| 2 | 庆豆13 | 9.17 | 6.78 | R | 中国 |
| 3 | 黑农531 | 6.89 | 5.10 | R | 中国 |
| 4 | 抗线虫12 | 4.55 | 3.37 | R | 中国 |
| 5 | октябрь70 | 5.89 | 4.36 | R | 俄罗斯 |
| 6 | соната | 6.22 | 4.60 | R | 俄罗斯 |
| 7 | 嫩丰18 | 15.41 | 11.40 | MR | 中国 |
| 8 | 农庆豆24 | 21.36 | 15.80 | MR | 中国 |
| 9 | 黑河52 | 41.22 | 29.75 | MR | 中国 |
| 10 | 黑河46 | 38.24 | 28.28 | MR | 中国 |
| 11 | 鹏豆158 | 17.24 | 12.75 | MR | 中国 |
| 12 | 齐农5 | 22.18 | 16.40 | MR | 中国 |
| 13 | 齐农12 | 22.64 | 16.74 | MR | 中国 |
| 14 | Вецауцес | 33.46 | 24.74 | MR | 俄罗斯 |
| 15 | Киевская | 15.34 | 11.35 | MR | 俄罗斯 |
| 16 | Малета | 20.14 | 14.90 | MR | 俄罗斯 |
| 17 | Лондон | 33.15 | 24.52 | MR | 俄罗斯 |
| 18 | Росинка | 32.57 | 24.09 | MR | 俄罗斯 |
| 19 | Сентябрика | 28.29 | 20.92 | MR | 俄罗斯 |
| 20 | Lee(CKS) | 135.21 | 100.00 |
2.4 抗性位点分析
利用KASP标记对19份材料进行检测(表6),其中有9份材料基因型与抗病品种PI90763一致,在Rhg1和Rhg4位点都有SCN抗性位点,属于Peking抗性类型。有4份材料在Rhg4位点检测到有SCN抗性位点,属于Rhg4抗性类型。6份材料基因型与感病品种Lee一致,没有检测到Rhg1或Rhg4位点,这些材料的抗性可能源于其他未知的抗性位点。
表6 19份抗性材料的KASP标记分析
Table 6
| 编号 Number | 材料 Material | Rhg1位点标记 Rhg1 locus marker | Rhg4位点标记 Rhg4 locus marker | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rhg1-2 | Rhg1-5 | Rhg4-3 | Rhg4-5 | |||
| 1 | 安2-318 | + | + | + | + | |
| 2 | 庆豆13 | + | + | + | + | |
| 3 | 黑农531 | + | + | + | + | |
| 4 | 抗线虫12 | + | + | + | + | |
| 5 | октябрь70 | - | - | + | + | |
| 6 | соната | - | - | + | + | |
| 7 | 嫩丰18 | + | + | + | + | |
| 8 | 农庆豆24 | + | + | + | + | |
| 9 | 黑河52 | - | - | - | - | |
| 10 | 黑河46 | - | - | - | - | |
| 11 | 鹏豆158 | + | + | + | + | |
| 12 | 齐农5 | + | + | + | + | |
| 13 | 齐农12 | - | - | + | + | |
| 14 | Вецауцес | - | - | - | - | |
| 15 | Киевская | - | - | - | - | |
| 16 | Малета | - | - | - | - | |
| 17 | Лондон | - | - | - | - | |
| 18 | Росинка | - | - | + | + | |
| 19 | Сентябрика | + | + | + | + | |
| 20 | Lee(CKS) | CC | GG | AA | CC | |
| 21 | PI90763(CKR) | GG | CC | TT | GG | |
“+”表示携带抗性等位基因;“-”表示未携带抗性等位基因。
“+”indicates carrying the resistance allele;“-”indicates no carrying the resistance allele.
2.5 抗性种质资源农艺及品质性状分析
对19份抗病材料的农艺及品质性状调查结果(表7)显示,其中6份高抗材料种皮均为黄色,可在抗病育种中作为抗性亲本直接应用。oктябрь70和соната俄罗斯高抗材料种皮呈黄色,种脐呈淡黄色,且蛋白质和脂肪总含量都超过了60.00%,也是较好的抗性亲本材料。黑农531对3号生理小种表现出稳定抗性,可在大豆胞囊线虫高发区推广应用。
表7 19份抗性材料的农艺及品质性状分析
Table 7
| 编号 Number | 材料 Material | 株高 Plant height (cm) | 生育期 Growth period (d) | 花色 Flower color | 叶形 Leaf shape | 脐色 Hilum color | 种皮颜色 Seed coat color | 蛋白质含量 Protein content (%) | 脂肪含量 Fat content (%) | 百粒重 100-seed weight (g) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 安2-318 | 80 | 123 | 白色 | 圆叶 | 黄色 | 黄色 | 42.07 | 20.30 | 20.0 |
| 2 | 庆豆13 | 90 | 123 | 紫色 | 圆叶 | 黑色 | 黄色 | 41.06 | 21.09 | 19.0 |
| 3 | 黑农531 | 85 | 123 | 白色 | 尖叶 | 黄色 | 黄色 | 38.17 | 22.34 | 21.3 |
| 4 | 抗线虫12 | 90 | 123 | 紫色 | 圆叶 | 淡褐色 | 黄色 | 39.77 | 20.89 | 19.4 |
| 5 | октябрь70 | 80 | 105 | 紫色 | 尖叶 | 淡褐色 | 黄色 | 40.30 | 21.60 | 18.0 |
| 6 | соната | 75 | 98 | 紫色 | 尖叶 | 淡黄色 | 黄色 | 40.90 | 20.70 | 15.6 |
| 7 | 嫩丰18 | 85 | 116 | 紫色 | 圆叶 | 淡褐色 | 黄色 | 40.28 | 19.97 | 19.5 |
| 8 | 农庆豆24 | 78 | 123 | 白色 | 圆叶 | 褐色 | 黄色 | 38.53 | 21.02 | 19.0 |
| 9 | 黑河52 | 90 | 110 | 紫色 | 尖叶 | 淡黄色 | 黄色 | 40.55 | 21.52 | 20.6 |
| 10 | 黑河46 | 75 | 112 | 紫色 | 尖叶 | 淡黄色 | 黄色 | 39.74 | 20.11 | 17.9 |
| 11 | 鹏豆158 | 80 | 115 | 白色 | 尖叶 | 淡褐色 | 黄色 | 39.08 | 22.16 | 21.8 |
| 12 | 齐农5 | 100 | 123 | 白色 | 尖叶 | 淡褐色 | 黄色 | 41.50 | 21.90 | 20.0 |
| 13 | 齐农12 | 93 | 120 | 紫色 | 圆叶 | 黄色 | 黄色 | 39.71 | 20.76 | 21.0 |
| 14 | Вецауцес | 75 | 115 | 紫色 | 尖叶 | 淡黄色 | 黄色 | 41.84 | 18.98 | 20.0 |
| 15 | Киевская | 85 | 117 | 紫色 | 卵圆叶 | 褐色 | 黄色 | 41.39 | 21.85 | 21.0 |
| 16 | Малета | 78 | 108 | 白色 | 尖叶 | 黑色 | 黑色 | 39.05 | 21.91 | 19.4 |
| 17 | Лондон | 90 | 117 | 白色 | 圆叶 | 淡褐色 | 黄色 | 38.56 | 21.09 | 20.5 |
| 18 | Росинка | 80 | 100 | 紫色 | 尖叶 | 黄色 | 黄色 | 41.41 | 21.50 | 16.0 |
| 19 | Сентябрика | 73 | 95 | 白色 | 卵圆叶 | 褐色 | 黑色 | 41.42 | 17.96 | 15.5 |
3 讨论
虽然我国大豆品种资源丰富,在抗病资源发掘与利用方面具有独特优势,但是这些抗线品种的遗传基础非常狭窄,抗病基因来源单一[18]。大豆胞囊线虫具有毒力多样性,在田间以混合群体形式存在,存在多个生理小种。长期依赖单一抗线品种进行防治,会对线虫群体产生强大的定向选择压力,从而导致毒力小种迅速富集,最终致使该品种丧失抗性。研究[2]表明,在黑龙江省,大豆胞囊线虫以毒力较弱的3号生理小种为主,6号、4号和14号生理小种偶有发生。黑龙江地区大豆生产中大多数抗性品种的抗性单一,仅有的抗线品种对3号生理小种的抗性已出现减弱或丧失[19]。因此,利用新的抗源或新型抗病基因是拓宽抗病品种遗传基础的重要途径。国内外研究[20-21]主要集中在抗病基因鉴定与利用、新型抗病基因发掘2个方面。
大豆胞囊线虫的抗性是受多个位点控制的数量性状遗传[22],研究[23-24]表明,Rhg1和Rhg4是提供大豆胞囊线虫抗性的重要位点。Rhg1位于第18号染色体上,控制着大豆对多个生理小种的抗性[25],此位点内的GmAAT、a-SNAP以及WIP蛋白3个基因参与了对大豆胞囊线虫的抗性,在感病材料中将这3个基因都进行超表达后,发现感病材料的抗性明显提升[26]。Rhg4位于第8号染色体上[27],能够编码丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶(Shmt),Shmt的活性被认为是决定抗性程度的关键因子,在不同抗性品种中存在显著差异[28]。对试验材料接种3号生理小种后进行功能验证,证明定位在Rhg4位点的GmSHMT基因可正向调控大豆种质对胞囊线虫病的抗性[29]。除Rhg1和Rhg4外,基因组中还分布多个尚未广泛利用的主效QTL、微效位点及新型抗性基因,可独立或协同介导抗性。研究[30-
研究[34-
4 结论
本研究首次对中俄大豆种质资源开展大豆胞囊线虫3号生理小种抗性系统评价,田间自然病圃与盆栽人工接种鉴定结果完全一致,其中获得11份中国资源、8份俄罗斯种质资源,为黑龙江省抗性资源的丰富及应用奠定了基础。本研究发现了6份不依赖Rhg1与Rhg4主效位点的抗性材料,是挖掘新抗病基因和解析新型抗性机制的核心材料,将这些核心材料的新型位点导入骨干亲本,可构建多基因聚合抗病材料,从根本上提升黑龙江省大豆抗大豆胞囊线虫育种的遗传宽度与长久抗性,为绿色防控与粮食安全提供关键支撑。
参考文献
大豆胞囊线虫病研究进展
DOI:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231010
[本文引用: 1]
大豆胞囊线虫(soybean cyst nematode,SCN)病是大豆生产中一种严重的病害,造成极大的生产及经济损失。目前在SCN综合防治方面,筛选种植抗病品种、农业防治、生物防治和化学防治是常见的防治方法。在抗病研究方面,大豆中的rhg1和 rhg4位点是SCN病最重要的抗性位点。文章综述近年来对SCN病相关研究,以期为SCN抗性机制研究、提高防控技术提供参考。
大豆品种(系)抗大豆胞囊线虫14号生理小种的抗性鉴定研究
Genomic-assisted phylogenetic analysis and marker development for next generation soybean cyst nematode resistance breeding
Terminology and identity of infraspecific forms of the soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines)
Complete characterization of the racescheme for Heterodera glycines
One hundred thirty-eight isolates of Heterodera glycines from nine states in the United States, People's Republic of China, and Indonesia were tested on the four standard soybean race differentials. A total of 12 variants were found, including the five races described previously. The seven variants that did not correspond to one of the described races and reports from other areas of populations that could not be classified are evidence that the present race classification system needs to be fully characterized. Eleven additional races are described; this expands the total to 16 races, the maximum possible using the four prescribed differentials and a + or - rating for each. The seven new races are designated as 6, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15, and 16. This complete characterization of the race scheme will allow for immediate communication of the discovery of the remaining four races plus the identification of previous undescribed races.
Differentiating responses to Heterodera glycines races
Advancements in breeding,genetics,and genomics for resistance to three nematode species in soybean
Integration of genetic analysis, molecular biology, and genomic approaches drastically enhanced our understanding of genetic control of nematode resistance and provided effective breeding strategies in soybeans. Three nematode species, including soybean cyst (SCN, Heterodera glycine), root-knot (RKN, Meloidogyne incognita), and reniform (RN, Rotylenchulus reniformis), are the most destructive pests and have spread to soybean growing areas worldwide. Host plant resistance has played an important role in their control. This review focuses on genetic, genomic studies, and breeding efforts over the past two decades to identify and improve host resistance to these three nematode species. Advancements in genetics, genomics, and bioinformatics have improved our understanding of the molecular and genetic mechanisms of nematode resistance and enabled researchers to generate large-scale genomic resources and marker-trait associations. Whole-genome resequencing, genotyping-by-sequencing, genome-wide association studies, and haplotype analyses have been employed to map and dissect genomic locations for nematode resistance. Recently, two major SCN-resistant loci, Rhg1 and Rhg4, were cloned and other novel resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL) have been discovered. Based on these discoveries, gene-specific DNA markers have been developed for both Rhg1 and Rhg4 loci, which were useful for marker-assisted selection. With RKN resistance QTL being mapped, candidate genes responsible for RKN resistance were identified, leading to the development of functional single nucleotide polymorphism markers. So far, three resistances QTL have been genetically mapped for RN resistance. With nematode species overcoming the host plant resistance, continuous efforts in the identification and deployment of new resistance genes are required to support the development of soybean cultivars with multiple and durable resistance to these pests.
Whole-genome re- sequencing reveals the impact of the interaction of copy number variants of the rhg1 and Rhg4 genes on broad-based resistance to soybean cyst nematode
DOI:10.1111/pbi.2019.17.issue-8 URL [本文引用: 1]
A decade of QTL mapping for cyst nematode resistance in soybean
DOI:10.2135/cropsci2004.1121
URL
[本文引用: 1]
Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe), the most destructive pest of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill], is estimated to be responsible for almost nine million megagrams in annual yield loss worldwide. Host plant resistance is the most cost‐effective and environmentally friendly method of controlling SCN. Resistance is present among soybean plant introductions (PIs) and related wild species, such as Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc. Molecular marker technology has ushered in a decade devoted to the identification and characterization of quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying SCN. These genetic mapping efforts uncovered numerous locations of SCN resistance QTL in many PIs. In more than a decade of mapping SCN resistance QTL, there is some consistency in the results. In almost all studies involving various sources of resistance, the QTL conferring the greatest level of resistance mapped to the region containing rhg1 on linkage group (LG) G. In addition, a major resistance QTL was mapped in many sources to the region containing Rhg4 on LG A2. The mapping of QTL to these regions from many sources suggests that these sources may have resistance genes in common, which has caused concern over the possible dependence on a few resistance genes. Recently, two independent research groups reported cloning candidate genes for rhg1 and Rhg4 Despite these advances, there is some degree of trepidation, especially in the public sector, on the use of rhg1 and Rhg4 genetic mapping and cloning information in SCN resistance breeding because of intellectual property issues.
Modern genomics reshapes soybean cyst nematode research: integrating host resistance, nematode virulence, and functional discovery
Novel quantitative traitloci for broad-based resistance to soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) in soybean PI567516C
Copy number variation of multiple genes at rhgl mediates nematode resistance in soybean
DOI:10.1126/science.1228746 URL [本文引用: 1]
A soybean cyst nematode resistance gene points to a new mechanism of plant resistance to pathogens
DOI:10.1038/nature11651 [本文引用: 1]
Evolution and selection of Rhg1, a copy-number variant nematode-resistance locus
DOI:10.1111/mec.2015.24.issue-8 URL [本文引用: 1]
Soybean resistance locus Rhg1 confers resistance to multiple cyst nematodes in diverse plant species
DOI:10.1094/PHYTO-07-19-0225-R URL [本文引用: 1]
寄主对大豆胞囊线虫抗性相关基因功能研究进展
DOI:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2021-0627
[本文引用: 1]
大豆在我国国民经济中扮演着重要角色,目前我国是全球最大的大豆消费国、进口国,且进口大豆数量逐年递增。大豆孢囊线虫病是威胁全球主要大豆产地的重要病害,每年全球范围内造成超过数十亿美元经济损失,防控形势严峻。抗性品种的种植是防控大豆孢囊线虫病最经济有效的措施。然而,单一抗性品种的过度使用及大豆孢囊线虫生理小种不断演化,导致抗性降低,威胁大豆产业安全。随着生物技术的发展,大豆孢囊线虫抗性机制研究不断深入,在遗传学、转录组学、蛋白功能等相关方面的研究取得了长足进展。本文综述了已知的大豆主要抗性位点(Rhg1和Rhg4)的抗性机制及囊泡运输、植物激素通路与大豆孢囊线虫抗性产生的关系,讨论了相关功能蛋白对大豆抗性的意义以及研究方向上可能存在的问题,最后展望了该领域的后续研究。相关的研究将有利于充分发掘大豆优良抗性基因,为抗大豆孢囊线虫转基因大豆新种质创制奠定理论基础,服务于我国大豆产业的长久安全发展。
SNP identification and marker assay development for high-throughput selection of soybean cyst nematode resistance
DOI:10.1186/s12864-015-1531-3 URL [本文引用: 1]
Discovery of two tightly linked soybean genes at the qSCN10 (O) locus conferring broad-spectrum resistance to soybean cyst nematode
DOI:10.1038/s42003-025-07633-8
PMID:39966671
[本文引用: 2]
Soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycine Ichinohe) is a major threat to global soybean yield. Resistance genes at the rhg1 locus from PI 88788 are majorly utilized in 95% of the U.S. breeding programs. Continuous use of this resistance source leads to a shift in the virulence of SCN populations and overcomes host resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to identify alternative SCN resistance sources to combat this ever-changing pest. Previously, we identified an exotic soybean line, PI 567516C, which carries a novel qSCN10 (O) locus for SCN resistance demonstrating different resistance responses compared to the known rhg1 and Rhg4 loci. Here, we narrowed the qSCN10 QTL region to 142-kb (containing 20 genes). Based on gene expression, gene ontology, in-silico analysis, and QTL-based haplotyping, two genes were identified for functional characterization. Overexpression of the transcription factor TGA1-related and Shugoshin C-terminus in the SCN-susceptible Williams 82 reduced the cyst number by 6.4-fold (84.6%) and 5.3-fold (81.2%), respectively. GmTGA1-10 and GmSCT-10 Tilling mutants showed high cyst numbers. The two genes associated with the qSCN10 QTL have significant potential to reduce the SCN population. They also offer an alternative source of durable SCN resistance that is independent of rhg1 and Rhg4.© 2025. The Author(s).
GmSNAP14: a key contributor to soybean cyst nematode resistance
DOI:10.1111/nph.v250.4 URL [本文引用: 1]
Quantitative trait loci underlying resistance to the soybean cyst nematode in PI 507354
Genomic-assisted haplotype analysis and the development of high-throughput SNP markers for salinity tolerance in soybean
浅析黑龙江省大豆胞囊线虫病防治现状
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