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作物杂志,2023, 第5期: 91–97 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.05.013

• 生理生化·植物营养·栽培耕作 • 上一篇    下一篇

多年定位有机肥施用对早熟晚粳软米淀粉理化特性的影响

翟晶1(), 杨胜明2, 王玉珍3, 施林林3()   

  1. 1上海农林职业技术学院，201699，上海
    2上海跃进现代农业有限公司，202171，上海
    3江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所，215155，江苏苏州
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-14 修回日期:2023-07-06 出版日期:2023-10-15 发布日期:2023-10-16
  • 通讯作者: 施林林，主要从事农田土壤健康与培肥研究，E-mail：linls@jaas.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:翟晶，主要从事农产品营养与品质研究，E-mail：81621165@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    上海农林职业技术学院科研课题(KY2-0000-22-02);苏州市科技支撑项目(SNG2021015)

Effects of Multi-Year Organic Fertilizer Application on Starch Physicochemical Properties of Mid-Mature Soft Japonica Rice

Zhai Jing1(), Yang Shengming2, Wang Yuzhen3, Shi Linlin3()   

  1. 1Shanghai Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Shanghai 201699, China
    2Shanghai Yuejin Modern Agriculture Co., Ltd., Shanghai 202171, China
    3Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Taihu Lake Region, Suzhou 215155, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2023-06-14 Revised:2023-07-06 Online:2023-10-15 Published:2023-10-16

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摘要：

为阐明有机肥对早熟晚粳软米淀粉理化特性的影响，以苏香粳100为研究对象，系统分析了施用有机肥对稻米淀粉理化特性的影响。结果表明，施用有机肥能显著降低稻米淀粉表观直链淀粉含量、大粒径淀粉颗粒体积百分数和回生度，并显著提高淀粉膨胀势、水溶性、中等粒径淀粉颗粒体积百分数、相对结晶度、峰值黏度、热浆黏度、最终黏度和热焓值。总之，施用有机肥显著改变了早熟晚粳软米的淀粉理化特征，显著提升稻米淀粉品质。

关键词: 有机肥, 粳稻, 淀粉理化特征

Abstract:

To elucidate the effects of organic fertilizer in organic cultivation workflow on rice eating quality, we systematically compared and explored the rice starch physicochemical properties between organic cultivation mode (OF) and conventional chemical fertilization mode (CK). The results showed that OF treatment significantly decreased apparent amylose contents, large-sized granule percentage and retrogradation, but significantly improved swelling power, water solubility, mid-sized granule percentage, relative crystallinity, peak viscosity, hot viscosity, final viscosity and enthalpy value. In summary, as a key management practice in organic cultivation workflow, organic fertilization deeply shaped rice starch physicochemical properties and efficiently promoted rice starch quality.

Key words: Organic fertilizer, Japonica rice, Starch physicochemical properties

表1

不同施肥处理水稻淀粉含量、膨胀势和水溶性指数

处理
Treatment		 直链淀粉含量
Apparent amylose
contents (%)		 膨胀势
Swelling
power (g/g)		 水溶性指数
Water solubility
(%)
CK 9.94a 11.5b 11.6b
OF 9.23b 13.3a 12.8a

图1

不同施肥条件下稻米淀粉颗粒扫描电镜

图2

不同施肥淀粉颗粒分布特征 不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著（P < 0.05）

图3

不同施肥条件下稻米淀粉XRD结构

图4

不同施肥条件下稻米淀粉红外特征

图5

不同施肥条件下稻米淀粉RVA谱特征 “*”表示处理间在0.05水平上有显著差异，下同

图6

不同施肥条件下稻米淀粉热力学参数

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