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作物杂志,2026, 第3期: 126–131 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.03.017

• 遗传育种·种质资源·生物技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

烟草两种质源胞质雄性不育系营养元素差异分析

许杰1(), 郑昀晔1, 陈学军2, 王国平1, 耿世兵1, 牛永志1, 张立猛1,2()   

  1. 1 玉溪中烟种子有限责任公司， 653100， 云南玉溪
    2 云南省烟草农业科学研究院， 650021， 云南昆明
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-11 修回日期:2025-06-06 出版日期:2026-06-15 发布日期:2026-06-17
  • 通讯作者: 张立猛，主要从事烟草绿色防控和种子技术研究，E-mail：zlm.d@163.com
  • 作者简介:许杰，主要从事烟草种子技术研究，E-mail：xujie2025@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    云南省烟草公司重大项目“烟草品种‘育繁推’一体化平台构建研究及应用”(2022530000241016);“烟草花器官发育关键调控机理解析和技术应用”(2025530000241002)

Difference Analysis of Nutrient Elements in Two Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Lines of Tobacco

Xu Jie1(), Zheng Yunye1, Chen Xuejun2, Wang Guoping1, Geng Shibing1, Niu Yongzhi1, Zhang Limeng1,2()   

  1. 1 Yuxi Zhongyan Tobacco Seed Company, Yuxi 653100, Yunnan, China
    2 Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650021, Yunnan, China
  • Received:2025-02-11 Revised:2025-06-06 Online:2026-06-15 Published:2026-06-17

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摘要：

为比较不同质源烟草雄性不育系及其保持系的产量和营养元素含量差异，以不同胞质来源的雄性不育系Nta(sua)S K326 [(sua)S]、Nta(gla)S K326 [(gla)S]和保持系K326（MF K326）为材料，研究了3个基因型雌雄蕊形态、种子产量以及不同时期和部位营养元素含量。结果表明，相较于MF K326正常雌雄蕊，(gla)S的雌蕊正常，雄蕊退化，花丝短小，花药皱缩；(sua)S雌蕊正常或变扁、开裂，雄蕊雌化，花丝顶端长出柱头状结构。MF K326和(gla)S的种子产量分别是(sua)S产量的1.51和1.38倍。不同基因型总氮、镁、硼和铜含量在不同时期的叶片和花/果中无显著差异；MF K326钾含量在3个时期的叶和雌雄蕊中显著高于2个不育系，除青果期叶片外2个不育系磷酸盐含量在不同时期始终低于MF K326，铁和钙在不育系不同时期的花/果中积累；(sua)S锌含量在盛花期和青果期叶片中低于另外2个基因型，锰含量在不同发育时期和雌雄蕊中均最低，而(gla)S在不同发育时期锰含量均最高。本研究初步分析了营养元素与种子产量的关系，为可能的(sua)S繁种生产及产量改良提供了参考。

关键词: 烟草, 不育胞质, 营养元素

Abstract:

In order to compare the differences in yield and nutrient element contents between different cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines and their maintainer lines of tobacco, we used CMS lines with different cytoplasmic sources, Nta(sua)S K326 [(sua)S], Nta(gla)S K326 [(gla)S], and the maintainer line K326 (MF K326), as materials. We investigated the morphology of stamens and pistils, seed yield, and the contents of nutrient elements in different parts and at different stages of these three genotypes. The results showed that compared with the normal stamens and pistils of MF K326, the pistils of (gla)S were normal, while the stamens were degenerated, with short filaments and shrunken anthers. The pistils of (sua)S were normal or flattened or split, and the stamens were feminized, with stigma-like structures growing at the tips of the filaments. The seed yields of MF K326 and (gla)S were 1.51 and 1.38 times that of (sua)S, respectively. There were no significant differences in the total nitrogen, magnesium, boron, and copper contents among different genotypes in leaves and flowers or fruits at different stages. The potassium content in MF K326 was significantly higher than that in the two CMS lines in leaves and stamens and pistils at three stages. The phosphate content of the two CMS lines was always lower than that of MF K326 at different stages, except for the leaves at the green fruit stage. Iron and calcium accumulated in the flowers/fruits of the CMS lines at different stages. The zinc content of (sua)S was lower than that of the other two genotypes in leaves at the full bloom and green fruit stages. The manganese content of (sua)S was the lowest in flowers/fruits at different developmental stages and in stamens and pistils, while the manganese content of (gla)S was the highest at different developmental stages. This study preliminarily analyzed the relationship between nutrient elements and seed yield, providing a reference for potential seed production and yield improvement of (sua)S.

Key words: Tobacco, Sterile cytoplasm, Nutrient elements

图1

不同基因型雌雄蕊形态差异

图2

不同基因型产量比较 不同大写字母代表差异极显著（P < 0.01）。

表1

不同基因型不同生育期营养元素差异

生育期
Growth stage		 器官
Organ		 基因型
Genotype		 总氮
N
(%)		 磷酸盐
Phosphate
(%)		 钾
K
(%)		 钙
Ca
(%)		 镁
Mg
(%)		 硼
B
(mg/kg)		 铁
Fe
(g/kg)		 铜
Cu
(mg/kg)		 锌
Zn
(mg/kg)		 锰
Mn
(mg/kg)
初花期
Early flowering stage		 叶 MF K326 3.01a 0.78a 5.34a 2.48a 0.30a 24.69a 0.54a 9.16a 33.75a 29.00a
(gla)S 2.79a 0.67b 4.27b 1.90b 0.31a 22.83a 0.45b 9.12a 29.99a 31.97a
(sua)S 2.87a 0.64b 4.88ab 1.94ab 0.31a 22.62a 0.37c 7.83a 28.78a 16.32b
花 MF K326 4.52a 1.59a 4.21a 0.46b 0.39a 26.81a 0.15b 24.75a 55.43a 32.24b
(gla)S 4.19a 1.46b 4.08a 0.63a 0.41a 25.65a 0.29a 23.49a 50.68a 44.41a
(sua)S 4.31a 1.40b 4.03a 0.59a 0.41a 25.92a 0.26a 24.10a 53.26a 27.30b
盛花期
Full flowering stage		 叶 MF K326 1.77a 0.65a 4.22a 2.38a 0.24a 24.25a 0.71a 8.32a 28.41a 33.31b
(gla)S 1.58a 0.53b 3.24b 1.90b 0.28a 22.84a 0.68a 9.67a 25.74a 39.46a
(sua)S 1.82a 0.52b 3.43b 1.99b 0.29a 22.59a 0.49b 8.80a 17.57b 21.86c
花 MF K326 2.96a 0.85a 3.46a 0.58b 0.25a 34.00a 0.25b 16.29a 38.06a 32.23b
(gla)S 3.20a 0.70c 3.44a 0.68a 0.30a 32.33a 0.33a 17.31a 42.55a 42.10a
(sua)S 3.15a 0.79b 3.55a 0.63ab 0.29a 32.86a 0.30a 16.93a 41.15a 26.09b
青果期
Green fruits stage		 叶 MF K326 1.26a 0.80b 3.74a 3.10a 0.34a 27.02a 1.09a 12.37a 35.30a 50.09b
(gla)S 1.27a 0.84ab 3.02b 2.61b 0.40a 28.53a 0.83b 12.55a 38.79a 62.61a
(sua)S 1.43a 0.89a 2.89b 2.87ab 0.40a 26.58a 0.52c 11.97a 25.41b 29.31c
果 MF K326 2.71a 1.00a 3.26a 0.35b 0.24a 35.58a 0.28b 21.61a 47.60a 32.72ab
(gla)S 2.64a 0.92b 3.22a 0.38b 0.25a 34.01a 0.38a 22.35a 47.77a 36.55a
(sua)S 2.90a 0.89b 3.31a 0.47a 0.26a 36.10a 0.36a 20.55a 44.98a 28.17b

表2

不同基因型烟草不同花期雌雄蕊主要营养元素差异

基因型Genotype 磷酸盐Phosphate (%) 钾K (%) 钙Ca (%) 铁Fe (g/kg) 锌Zn (mg/kg) 锰Mn (mg/kg)
MF K326-S1 1.47a 3.35a 0.29b 0.10c 53.10a 29.80b
(gla)S-S1 1.43b 3.15c 0.33a 0.14a 52.13a 32.43a
(sua)S-S1 1.41b 3.25b 0.32a 0.12b 53.57a 30.47b
MF K326-S8 1.78a 3.13a 0.25b 0.10b 48.43a 26.73b
(gla)S-S8 1.53b 3.03b 0.31a 0.11b 49.13a 29.30a
(sua)S-S8 1.59b 2.95c 0.31a 0.14a 48.30a 24.00c
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