我国鲜食玉米相关标准问题分析及对策

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.02.007

作物杂志,2019, 第2期: 46–50 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.02.007

所属专题：玉米专题

我国鲜食玉米相关标准问题分析及对策

孙丽娟¹,赵志宏²,贺娟³,王步军¹

1 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农业农村部谷物产品质量安全风险评估实验室,100081,北京
2 河南省商丘市种子管理站,476000,河南商丘
3 全国农业技术推广服务中心,100125,北京

收稿日期:2018-09-29 修回日期:2019-02-18 出版日期:2019-04-15 发布日期:2019-04-12
通讯作者: 王步军
基金资助:
农业行业标准制定和修订项目(125161009000170008)

Analysis of Fresh Corn Standards and Its Countermeasures in China

Lijuan Sun¹,Zhihong Zhao²,Juan He³,Bujun Wang¹

1 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Cereal Products (Beijing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China;
2 Seed Management Station of Shangqiu, Shangqiu 476000, Henan, China
3 National Agriculture Technology Extension and Service Center, Beijing 100125, China;

Received:2018-09-29 Revised:2019-02-18 Online:2019-04-15 Published:2019-04-12
Contact: Bujun Wang

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在分析我国现有的鲜食玉米相关标准《NY/T 523-2002甜玉米》和《NY/T 524-2002糯玉米》自身和产业衔接不足的问题。自身细节问题主要有：与其他专用玉米标准分散、鲜食抽样细则不明确、甜玉米定等指标模糊、可溶性糖检测方法缺失、外观评价要求简单笼统、蒸煮品质评价无具体描述;与产业衔接不足表现在：新种类甜加糯鲜食玉米空缺、甜玉米关键指标过低、感官评价缺乏时效性要求、外观品质要求不能满足市场需求、感官评价品质评分要求低。针对这些问题,结合产业需求,提出整合鲜食玉米,明确鲜食用途,制定有针对性的抽样规则,选择合适的检测评价方法,贴近市场优化品质评价,按需提高分级定等要求,标准中增加甜加糯类型等对策建议。

关键词: 鲜食玉米, 标准, 问题分析, 对策

Abstract:

We analyzed the problems of fresh corn standards focusing on NY/T 523-2002 sweet corn and NY/T 524-2002 waxy corn linking with industrial utilization in China. The problems of the two standards: they were dispersed with other specialty corn standards; there were no clear rules of fresh sampling; the description of grade index was vague and there was no determination of soluble sugar content in sweet corn standards; the description of appearance evaluation was simple and general; the cooking quality evaluation was not detailly explained. The problems of standards lacking links with industry: standards for new sweet and waxy corn were lack; the key indicators of sweet corn was too low for the marketplace; the sensory evaluations of corn were lack in timeliness; the description of appearance evaluation couldn't meet the industry demand; the total sensory score of second-class and third-class corn were too low for the marketplace and industry. According to the current situation and industry demand, the countermeasures and suggestions for solving the problem and servicing industry development were proposed: the fresh corn standards should be integrated with other specialty corn standards; it was necessary to give a clear description for freshness; the sampling procedures should be formulated right way; suitable testing and evaluation methods should be strictly followed; it was necessary to optimize the quality evaluation and improve the grading requirements of the sweet and waxy corn.

Key words: Fresh corn, Standards, Analysis of question, Countermeasures

孙丽娟,赵志宏,贺娟,王步军. 我国鲜食玉米相关标准问题分析及对策[J]. 作物杂志, 2019 (2): 46–50

Lijuan Sun,Zhihong Zhao,Juan He,Bujun Wang. Analysis of Fresh Corn Standards and Its Countermeasures in China[J]. Crops, 2019(2): 46–50

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参考文献 17

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可溶性糖含量Soluble sugar content		国审、省审品种National and province approved variety				检测中心样品Testing center sample
干基 (%) Dry base	鲜样^* (%) Fresh sample	干基Dry base		鲜样Fresh sample		干基Dry base		鲜样Fresh sample
干基 (%) Dry base	鲜样^* (%) Fresh sample	个数 Number	占比(%) Percentage	个数 Number	占比(%) Percentage	个数 Number	占比(%) Percentage	个数 Number	占比(%) Percentage
≥30	≥9	83	22.7	47	51.1	38	69.1	30	43.5
≥27	≥8	101	27.7	62	67.4	40	72.7	44	63.8
≥23	≥7	143	39.2	73	79.3	44	80.0	53	76.8
≥20	≥6	178	48.8	79	85.9	45	84.9	61	88.4
≥10	≥3.3	279	76.4	88	96.7	51	96.2	68	98.6
≥8	≥2.4	290	79.5	90	97.8	51	96.2	68	98.6
总数Total		365	-	92	-	53	-	69	-

我国鲜食玉米相关标准问题分析及对策

Analysis of Fresh Corn Standards and Its Countermeasures in China

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