作物杂志,2020, 第6期: 47–53 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.06.007

• 遗传育种·种质资源·生物技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

红花双列杂交后代羟基黄色素A含量的遗传效应分析

梁慧珍1,2(), 许兰杰1, 余永亮1, 谭政委1, 杨红旗1, 董薇1, 李磊1, 李春明1, 刘新梅1, 张收良1   

  1. 1河南省农业科学院芝麻研究中心,450002,河南郑州
    2河南省农业科学院西峡分院,474550,河南西峡
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-20 修回日期:2020-04-14 出版日期:2020-12-15 发布日期:2020-12-09
  • 作者简介:梁慧珍,研究方向为中药材的遗传育种及配套栽培技术、资源评价等,E-mail: lhzh66666@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-21);国家农业科研杰出人才及其创新团队(农财发(2016)45号);河南省药用植物遗传改良创新型科技团队;河南省科技攻关计划(182102310062);河南省重大科技专项(181100110300);河南省农业科学院创新创意(2020CX03)

Genetic Analysis of Hydroxy Safflor Yellow A Content of Cross Combinations after Diallel Crossing in Carthamus tinctorius L.

Liang Huizhen1,2(), Xu Lanjie1, Yu Yongliang1, Tan Zhengwei1, Yang Hongqi1, Dong Wei1, Li Lei1, Li Chunming1, Liu Xinmei1, Zhang Shouliang1   

  1. 1Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
    2Xixia Branch, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xixia 474550, Henan, China
  • Received:2020-02-20 Revised:2020-04-14 Online:2020-12-15 Published:2020-12-09

摘要:

选用6个羟基红花黄色素A(HSYA)含量差异较大的亲本,采用双列杂交方法配制杂交组合,测定2015年和2016年2年亲本及其后代F1和F2红花中的HSYA含量。运用双子叶植物种子数量性状遗传模型和统计分析方法,分析胚、细胞质和母体植株3套遗传体系的基因效应和环境互作效应。结果发现:在HSYA含量的遗传体系中,母体遗传效应影响最大,胚效应次之,细胞质效应影响最小。3套遗传体系均表现出基因主效应大于环境互作效应。机误方差较大,说明HSYA含量还受环境机误或抽样误差的影响。亲本遗传效应分析表明,豫红花1号(P1)做亲本表现稳定,有利于增加杂交后代HSYA含量,达到提高品质、改良品种的效果。胚显性方差和母体显性方差均达到极显著水平,表明同时存在种子杂种优势和母体杂种优势,而且其主效应基因不受环境影响。综合考虑遗传主效应、胚显性效应和母体显性效应,亲本组合(P1×P5)有利于提高后代杂交品种的HSYA含量。该研究结果可为后代材料在杂种优势利用中的亲本选择提供理论支持。

关键词: 红花, 双列杂交, 羟基红花黄色素A, 遗传效应, 杂种优势

Abstract:

Six Carthamus tinctorius L. cultivars with great difference in hydroxy safflor yellow A (HSYA) content were used as parents to make incomplete diallel crossing in accordance with the Griffing method Ⅱ to study the genetics of HSYA content in Carthamus tinctorius L. using a full genetic model for quantitative traits of seed for diploid plant. Analysis of diploid embryo, cytoplasm and diploid maternal genetic effects, their GE interaction effects for Carthamus tinctorius L. quality traits, and the genetic correlation among quality traits were conducted by using 2015 and 2016 data. The genetic relationship between Carthamus tinctorius L. quality traits were also analyzed by using a mixed model approaches, which could estimate the genetic covariances between two traits with unequal design matrices. The values of parents were also analyzed in this experiment. The results showed that HSYA content in Carthamus tinctorius L. was mainly controlled by maternal and embryogenic effects, followed by cytoplasmic effects. The main effects of different genetic systems on HSYA content traits were more important than environment interaction effects. The strong dominance effects on HSYA from residual were easily changed by environmental conditions. The analysis of genetic effect of parents showed that the performance of parental Yuhonghua1hao (P1) was relative more stable. It is beneficial to increase the content of HSYA in hybrid progeny and improve the effect of quality improvement. Both Embryo and maternal dominant variance were highly significant, and it implied that there were both seed heterosis and maternal heterosis, while the main genetic effects were not affected by environmental factors. Comprehensive consideration of main genetic effect, embryogenic dominance and maternal dominance, parental combination (P1×P5) was beneficial to increase the content of hydroxy safflor yellow A in the progeny of hybrid varieties. The above results provide theoretical support for parental selection in heterosis utilization.

Key words: Carthamus tinctorius L., Diallel crossing, Hydroxy safflor yellow A, Genetic effect, Heterosis

表1

亲本和F1、F2代HSYA含量和农艺性状的平均值

亲本
Parent
HSYA (mg/g) 花色
Flower color
花丝产量
Filament yield (kg/hm2)
花丝生育期
Growth period of filament (d)
F1 F2 平均值Mean
P1 16.29 16.21 16.25 红色 365.70 202
P2 16.12 15.72 15.92 红色 339.15 207
P3 16.03 15.75 15.89 红色 344.55 210
P4 14.21 13.91 14.06 橙色 345.90 202
P5 13.15 12.87 13.01 黄色 355.65 206
P6 13.51 13.45 13.48 黄色 352.80 205
P1×P2 18.17 15.26 16.72 红色 362.40 203
P1×P3 17.61 12.29 14.95 红色 348.15 203
P1×P4 15.17 10.15 12.66 红色 356.55 202
P1×P5 26.19 29.36 27.78 红色 364.80 204
P1×P6 11.37 12.36 11.87 橙色 364.35 203
平均Mean 17.70 15.88 16.79 - 359.25 203
P2×P3 17.92 16.60 17.26 红色 345.30 209
P2×P4 10.03 7.64 8.84 红色 351.15 207
P2×P5 17.79 18.22 18.01 橙色 360.15 204
P2×P6 16.48 15.86 16.17 红色 355.05 207
平均Mean 15.56 14.58 15.07 - 352.95 207
P3×P4 16.41 15.12 15.77 红色 353.85 206
P3×P5 15.32 14.03 14.68 橙色 361.65 207
P3×P6 14.57 13.21 13.89 红色 357.30 206
平均Mean 15.43 14.12 14.78 - 357.60 206
P4×P5 15.78 14.12 14.95 橙色 353.25 203
P4×P6 14.89 13.68 14.29 橙色 354.15 203
平均Mean 15.34 13.90 14.62 - 353.70 203
P5×P6 15.97 13.64 14.81 黄色 355.80 206
F1P1~F1P5和F2P1~F2P5 16.01 14.42 15.22 - 356.26 205
P1-P6 - - 14.77 - - -
r(P/F1) - - 0.892** - - -
r(P/F2) - - 0.903** - - -
r(F1/F2) - - 0.766* - - -

表2

HSYA含量的遗传方差分量估计值

参数Parameter 方差Variance 参数Parameter 方差Variance
胚加性方差(VA)Embryo additive variance 0.000 胚加性互作方差(VAE 0.008**
胚显性方差(VD)Embryo dominance variance 0.042** 胚显性互作方差(VDE 0.000
细胞质方差(VC)Cytoplasmic variance 0.000 细胞质互作方差(VCE 0.017**
母体加性方差(VAm)Maternal additive variance 0.049** 母体加性互作方差(VAmE 0.019**
母体显性方差(VDm)Maternal dominance variance 0.036** 母体显性互作方差(VDmE 0.000
机误方差(Ve 0.192**

表3

HSYA含量的遗传效应预测值

亲本
Parent
胚加性效应Embryo additive effect 细胞质效应Cytoplasmic effect 母体加性效应Maternal additive effect GⅠ GⅡ
A AEⅠ AEⅡ C CEⅠ CEⅡ Am AmEⅠ AmEⅡ
P1 -0.011** -0.076** -0.033** 0.006** -0.215** -0.061** -0.222** -0.215** -0.074** 0.745 0.285
P2 -0.005* -0.009* -0.051** 0.002* -0.132** -0.019** -0.031** -0.011** -0.046** -0.136 -0.038
P3 -0.024** -0.037** -0.021** 0.002* -0.084** v0.009* -0.108** -0.045** -0.059** -0.222 -0.159
P4 -0.009* -0.039** -0.017** 0.003** -0.090** -0.079** -0.016** -0.041** -0.052** -0.064 0.018
P5 -0.003 -0.027** -0.029** 0.004** -0.102** -0.118** -0.040** -0.039** -0.002 -0.201 0.054
P6 -0.007* -0.048** -0.097** 0.002* v0.048** -0.036** -0.101** -0.097** -0.013** -0.203 -0.176

表4

F2代HSYA含量的显性效应预测值(极差)

参数
Parameter
显性效应
Dominance effect
显性互作效应Dominance interaction effect
2015 2016
组合数
Combination
平均值(极差)
Mean (range)
组合数
Combination
平均值(极差)
Mean (range)
组合数
Combination
平均值(极差)
Mean (range)
胚显性效应
D or DE
总数Total 21 -0.0016(-0.6325~0.3752) 21 v0.0382(-0.8013~0.0816) 21 -0.1006(-0.2010~0.0619)
正效应Positive 14 -0.1632(0.0052~0.3752) 13 -0.1312(0.0115~0.0816) 9 -0.2879(0.0101~0.0619)
负效应Negative 7 -0.2675(-0.7765~-0.0612) 8 -0.0901(-0.7037~-0.0103) 12 -0.0692(-0.2013~-0.0092)
母体显性效应Dm or DmE
总数Total 21 -0.0001(-0.2981~0.3102) 21 -0.0526(-0.7035~0.4281) 21 -0.0165(-0.1004~0.7206)
正效应Positive 10 -0.1327(0.0180~0.3102) 12 v0.2857(0.0159~0.4281) 10 -0.4729(0.0202~0.7206)
负效应Negative 11 -0.1217(-0.2531~-0.0043) 9 -0.4953(-0.7841~-0.0007) 11 -0.2804(-0.0803~-0.0097)
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