Crops ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 168-171.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.03.028

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Effects of Sowing Date on the Yield and Quality of Perilla frutescens L.in the Dryland Hills Area

Zhang Yahong1,Wang Furong1,Lei Jianming1,Wu Junyan2,Fan Tiping1,Zhang Jianxue1   

  1. 1 Tianshui Agricultural Science Research Institute, Tianshui 741001, Gansu, China
    2 College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
  • Received:2019-01-30 Revised:2019-03-21 Online:2019-06-15 Published:2019-06-12

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Abstract:

The effects of different sowing dates on plant growth, yield and quality traits of Perilla frutescens L. were analyzed in Gansu dryland hills area. The results showed that, with the delay of sowing date, the growth period and the flowering period of perilla were shortened, the branches number and spike number per plant, 1000-seed weight, seed weight per plant and yield increased first and then decreased. The oil content and protein content of perilla seeds decreased. In the dryland hills area of Tianshui, about 1 600m above sea level in Gansu, the suitable sowing date of perilla is about April 9.

Key words: Sowing date, Perilla frutescens L., Yield, Quality

Table 1

Effects of different sowing dates on growth period of P. frutescens L."

播种期
(月/日)
Sowing date
(Month/Day)		 出苗期
(月/日)
Seedling date
(Month/Day)		 分枝期
(月/日)
Braches date
(Month/Day)		 现序期
(月/日)
Spiking date
(Month/Day)		 初花期
(月/日)
Flowering date
(Month/Day)		 成熟期
(月/日)
Maturation date
(Month/Day)		 生育期
(d)
Growth
period		 播种-
出苗(d)
Sowing to
seedling		 出苗-
分枝(d)
Seedling to
braches		 分枝-
现序(d)
Braches to
spiking		 现序-
初花(d)
Spiking to
initial flowering		 初花-
成熟(d)
Initial flowering to maturation
4/02 4/26 6/20 8/14 8/20 10/8 165a 24 55 55 6 49
4/09 4/29 6/22 8/16 8/24 10/10 164a 20 54 55 8 47
4/16 5/06 6/25 8/17 8/28 10/12 157b 20 50 53 11 45
4/23 5/12 6/28 8/19 8/30 10/12 153c 19 47 52 11 43
4/30 5/17 6/30 8/20 9/01 10/13 149d 17 44 51 12 42

Table 2

Effects of different sowing dates on yield and related parameters of P. frutescens L."

播期(月/日)
Sowing date
(Month/Day)		 株高(cm)
Plant height		 单株分枝数
Branches
per plant		 主穗长度(cm)
Main spike
length		 单株穗数
Spikes
per plant		 千粒重(g)
1000-seed
weight		 单株产量(g)
Seed weight
per plant		 单位面积产量
(kg/hm2)
Yield per unit
4/02 150.0±7.2A 28.0±3.0bc 13.0±1.0a 271.7±19.5c 5.4±0.1b 88.2±8.1b 2 304.90bA
4/09 145.3±3.5A 34.3±0.6a 13.7±0.6a 494.7±50.4a 6.1±0.2a 108.0±12.4a 2 386.35aA
4/16 121.3±2.3B 30.0±2.0b 12.7±1.5ab 378.0±72.0b 5.7±0.4ab 68.5±4.5c 2 295.90bA
4/23 94.0±3.0C 25.3±0.6c 10.5±0.5c 243.3±56.1c 5.7±0.4ab 47.8±3.2d 2 086.95cB
4/30 98.0±3.4C 24.7±1.5c 10.7±2.1bc 266.3±16.3c 5.3±0.3b 50.8±3.2d 1 752.00dC
变异系数CV(%) 21.30 13.80 11.80 31.80 5.30 35.11 10.58

Table 3

Correlation analysis of different sowing dates and yield, yield components of P. frutescens L."

相关系数
Coefficient of correlation		 播期
Sowing
date		 株高
Plant
height		 单株分枝数
Branches
per plant		 主穗长度
Main spike
length		 单株穗数
Spikes per
plant		 千粒重
1000-seed
weight		 单株产量
Seed weight
per plant		 单位面积
产量
Yield per unit
播期Sowing date -1
株高Plant height -0.95** 1
单株分枝数Branches per plant -0.63 0.74 1
主穗长度Main spike length -0.86* 0.94** 0.90* 1
单株穗数Spikes per plant -0.39 0.56 0.96** 0.77 1
千粒重1000-seed weight -0.30 0.32 0.81* 0.52 0.83* 1
单株产量Seed weight per plant -0.84* 0.94** 0.89* 0.94** 0.77 0.57 1
单位面积产量Yield per unit -0.87* 0.79 0.81 0.86* 0.63 0.66 0.78 1

Table 4

Effects of different sowing dates on quality of P. frutescens L. %"

播期(月/日)
Sowing date
(Month/Day)		 棕榈酸含量
Plamitic
acid content		 硬脂酸含量
Stearic acid
content		 油酸含量
Oleic acid
content		 亚油酸含量
Linoleic acid
content		 α-亚麻酸含量
α-linolenic
acid content		 含油量
Fat
content		 蛋白质含量Protein
content
4/02 7.24 2.72 19.60 12.71 54.55 47.60 23.72
4/09 6.52 2.48 20.54 11.59 56.88 47.11 24.32
4/16 6.76 2.47 21.15 11.57 56.83 46.68 23.98
4/23 6.91 2.85 24.20 12.16 52.62 46.59 23.62
4/30 6.68 2.61 22.50 11.81 54.26 45.84 22.92

Table 5

The correlation analysis of different sowing dates and quality of P. frutescens L."

相关系数
Coefficient of correlation		 播期
Sowing
date		 棕榈酸含量
Plamitic
acid content		 硬脂酸含量Stearic
acid content		 油酸含量
Oleic acid
content		 亚油酸含量Linoleic
acid content		 α-亚麻酸含量α-linolenic
acid content		 含油量
Fat
content		 蛋白质含量Protein
content
播期Sowing date 1
棕榈酸含量Plamitic acid content -0.42 -1
硬脂酸含量Stearic acid content 0.15 -0.65 -1
油酸含量Oleic acid content 0.83* -0.20 -0.52 -1
亚油酸含量Linoleic acid content -0.41 -0.94** -0.75 -0.16 -1
α-亚麻酸含量α-linolenic acid content -0.42 -0.49 -0.95** -0.67 -0.61 1
含油量Fat content -0.98** -0.51 -0.04 -0.70 -0.51 0.26 1
蛋白质含量Protein content -0.70 -0.16 -0.41 -0.46 -0.22 0.64 0.69 1
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