Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 133-139.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.03.020

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Effects of Different Organic Fertilizer Dosages on Nutrient Utilization and Yield of Rapeseed under Chemical Fertilizer Reduction

Xiong Tinghao1(), Zi Tao2, Zhang Ai1, Hu Yuqian1, Peng Zhi3, Song Haixing1()   

  1. 1School of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
    2Hunan Biological and Electromechanical Polytechnic, Changsha 410127, Hunan, China
    3Yueyang Agricultural Sciences Institute, Yueyang 414000, Hunan, China
  • Received:2020-12-23 Revised:2021-04-20 Online:2021-06-15 Published:2021-06-22
  • Contact: Song Haixing E-mail:1092711822@qq.com;shx723@163.com

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Abstract:

A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of the application of organic fertilizer (1125-4500kg/ha) on yield, dry matter accumulation, and nutrient accumulation of rapeseed (Xiangyou 420) under the condition of 25% reduction in chemical fertilizer, and the conventinal fertilization (without chemical fertilizer reduction and organic fertilizer) was the control. The results showed that organic fertilizer application significantly increased the accumulation of dry matter and nutrient accumulation, and the number of pods per plant, leading to higher rapeseed yield with more application of organic fertilizer under the condition of 25% chemical fertilizer reduction. However, the economic benefit only increased with the low application level of organic fertilizer (1125kg/ha). Compared with conventional fertilization (FFP) and 25% reduction of chemical fertilizer without organic fertilizer (F75%), organic fertilizer application increased the rapeseed yield by 25.2%-78.5% and 43.9%-105.1%, respectively. According to the regression equation between the amount of organic fertilizer and yield, 675kg/ha organic fertilizer application could compensate for the yield loss caused by the 25% reduction of chemical fertilizer. Compared with FFP and F75% treatments, 25% reduction of chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer significantly increased dry matter, N, P and K accumulation in rapeseed. The highest economic benefit was 5789yuan/ha, which was 74yuan/ha higher than FFP treatment and 519yuan/ha higher than F75% treatment. In conclusion, the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers promoted nutrients accumulation and the rapeseed growth as well as rapeseed yield. The target of 25% reduction of chemical fertilizer could be achieved through the combined application of organic fertilizer, and the appropriate amount of organic fertilizer in Hunan province is about 1125kg/ha.

Key words: Rapeseed, Fertilizer reduction, Organic fertilizer, Suitable dosage

Table 1

The number of each treatment and the amount of organic fertilizer"

处理
Treatment		 化肥减量
Fertilizer reduction		 有机肥用量
Organic fertilizer dosage (kg/hm2)
FFP 0 0
F75% 25% 0
F75%+M1 25% 1125
F75%+M2 25% 2250
F75%+M3 25% 3375
F75%+M4 25% 4500

Fig.1

The effects of different organic fertilizer amounts on yield under the condition of chemical fertilizer reduction of 25% Different letters indicate significant difference (P < 0.05) among treatments"

Table 2

The effects of different organic fertilizer amounts on yield components under the condition of 25% chemical fertilizer reduction"

处理
Treatment		 单株角果数
Pod number per plant		 每角粒数
Seed number per pod		 千粒重
1000-seed weight (g)		 密度（万株/hm2）
Density (×104 plant/hm2)
FFP 50.2±3.3c 13.20±0.21a 3.95±0.08a 54.0±6.9a
F75% 49.4±2.6c 13.67±0.34a 3.87±0.01a 48.7±1.2ab
F75%+M1 74.6±3.5b 13.57±0.20a 4.01±0.05a 49.0±2.1ab
F75%+M2 78.6±5.6b 14.60±0.90a 4.06±0.03a 51.7±2.9ab
F75%+M3 118.6±3.4a 13.20±0.67a 4.09±0.02a 47.3±2.0ab
F75%+M4 129.7±6.0a 14.03±0.54a 4.05±0.15a 44.0±2.1b

Fig.2

The effects of different organic fertilizer amounts on dry matter ccumulation under the condition of 25% chemical fertilizer reduction"

Table 3

The effects of different organic fertilizer amounts on nitrogen accumulation under the condition of 25% chemical fertilizer reduction kg/hm2"

处理Treatment 幼苗期Seedling 越冬期Overwintering 抽薹期Bolting 开花期Flowering 收获期Harvest
FFP 8.81±0.35d 38.51±2.12bc 51.7±3.5d 64.5±3.8d 78.5±3.6f
F75% 7.07±0.51d 29.95±0.98c 39.3±4.5e 52.4±0.7d 57.9±2.5e
F75%+M1 15.52±1.25c 47.79±0.53b 70.0±5.1c 77.3±6.5c 113.4±6.9d
F75%+M2 22.41±0.96b 58.45±5.01a 80.9±1.8bc 103.3±5.6b 130.4±1.7c
F75%+M3 25.01±0.50a 63.67±5.26a 90.2±2.3ab 111.9±3.7ab 157.8±0.4b
F75%+M4 26.67±0.72a 67.90±2.16a 100.8±4.5a 121.0±0.7a 177.1±5.5a

Table 4

The effects of different organic fertilizer amounts on phosphorus accumulation under the condition of 25% chemical fertilizer reduction kg/hm2"

处理Treatment 幼苗期Seedling 越冬期Overwintering 抽薹期Bolting 开花期Flowering 收获期Harvest
FFP 0.8±0.1d 2.3±0.1e 5.3±0.1e 7.3±0.1e 24.4±0.7e
F75% 0.7±0.1d 1.8±0.1e 3.6±0.1f 6.0±0.5f 18.3±0.3f
F75%+M1 1.5±0.2c 3.2±0.2d 7.5±0.3d 8.9±0.2d 37.7±1.0d
F75%+M2 2.5±0.3b 5.1±0.1c 11.3±0.5c 12.9±0.6c 42.3±2.2c
F75%+M3 2.9±0.4b 6.0±0.3b 14.9±0.4b 16.9±0.4b 49.2±0.3b
F75%+M4 3.1±0.5a 7.2±0.1a 17.7±0.6a 20.9±0.4a 53.5±0.6a

Table 5

The effects of different organic fertilizer amounts on potassium accumulation under the condition of 25% chemical fertilizer reduction kg/hm2"

处理Treatment 幼苗期Seedling 越冬期Overwintering 抽薹期Bolting 开花期Flowering 收获期Harvest
FFP 10.3±0.5c 22.2±0.6d 56.4±3.6d 80.3±3.1d 103.7±2.0e
F75% 7.7±0.3c 17.0±0.7e 38.7±2.7e 62.7±4.4e 81.8±2.6f
F75%+M1 22.8±1.1b 30.0±0.3c 74.0±4.7c 105.4±2.7c 156.2±2.9d
F75%+M2 35.3±1.4a 39.8±1.2b 90.6±2.3b 146.6±2.9b 183.5±5.9c
F75%+M3 36.2±1.4a 43.6±0.7a 100.4±3.7b 160.8±3.5a 237.6±0.7b
F75%+M4 37.4±0.2a 42.4±0.4a 111.5±3.3a 168.3±1.0a 259.3±2.6a

Table 6

The effects of different organic fertilizer amounts on fertilization benefits of rape under the condition of 25% chemical fertilizer reduction 元/hm2 yuan/hm2"

处理
Treatment		 产值
Output value		 肥料成本
Fertilizer cost		 施肥效益
Fertilization benefit		 与FFP相比
Compared with FFP		 与F75%相比
Compared with F75%
FFP 7809d 2094 5715a - -
F75% 6797d 1527 5270a -445 -
F75%+M1 9780c 3991 5789a 74 519
F75%+M2 11272b 6456 4816a -899 -454
F75%+M3 11855b 8920 2935b -2780 -2335
F75%+M4 13938a 11385 2553b -3162 -2717
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doi: 10.1007/s10705-017-9872-8
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