Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 128-133.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.05.019

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The Effects of Ordered Machine Thickening and Reducing Fertilizer on Yield and Partial Fertilizer Productivity of Hybrid Rice

Shi Nan(), Gao Zhiqiang(), Hu Haiyan, Chen Chongyi, Wen Shuangya   

  1. College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
  • Received:2021-04-06 Revised:2021-04-22 Online:2021-10-15 Published:2021-10-14
  • Contact: Gao Zhiqiang E-mail:297535633@qq.com;100640117@qq.com

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Abstract:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of density-increasing and fertilizer-reducing by ordered mechanical throwing technology on aboveground dry matter accumulation, fertilizer partial productivity and yield of hybrid rice at main growth stages under full mechanization. Taking Jingliangyouhuazhan as experimental material, three transplanting densities of conventional density (D0: 1.6×105 hole/ha), medium density (D1: 1.9×105 hole/ha) and high density (D2: 2.4×105 hole/ha) were set up by orderly mechanical polishing technology. Two fertilization treatments were conventional fertilization treatment (N0) and reduced fertilization treatment (N1: 26.56% weight loss on the basis of conventional fertilization). The results showed that transplanting density and fertilization rate had significant effects on aboveground dry matter accumulation, fertilizer partial productivity and yield at main growth stages of rice. Compared with D0N0, D2N1 was beneficial to maintain 1000-grain weight, coordinate the contradiction between panicle and grain, and effectively improved aboveground dry matter content, fertilizer utilization rate (42.44%) and yield (4.47%) in main growth stages. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between yield and transplanting density (r=0.53*), indicating that transplanting density had a great influence on yield under the condition of reducing fertilizer application. It was concluded that a 26.56% reduction in fertilizer and a planting density of 2.4×105 hole/ha based on conventional fertilization could improve rice yield and partial fertilizer productivity and was the best treatment for increasing density and reducing the fertilizer application in this study.

Key words: Rice, Orderly mechanical seedling-broadcasting, Aboveground dry matter weight, Partial fertilizer productivity, Yield

Table 1

Effects of different treatments on the yield and its components of rice"

处理
Treatment		 千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 有效穗数(穗/m2)
Number of panicles (panicle/m2)		 穗粒数
Number of grains per panicle		 结实率
Seed-setting rate (%)		 产量
Yield (kg/hm2)
D0N0 22.97a 334.93a 159.82bc 82.57ab 8372.71b
D0N1 23.19a 268.27d 205.44a 78.54b 7921.35c
均值Mean 23.08 301.60 182.63 80.56 8147.03
D1N0 23.86a 299.05c 145.18c 86.54a 7647.89c
D1N1 22.84a 276.83d 179.04b 79.18b 7565.79c
均值Mean 23.35 287.94 162.11 82.86 7606.84
D2N0 23.29a 318.43b 166.08bc 83.46ab 8460.24b
D2N1 23.20a 316.86b 176.65b 80.27b 8747.25a
均值Mean 23.25 317.65 171.37 81.87 8603.75

Table 2

Effects of different treatments on fertilizer partial productivity of rice kg/kg"

处理
Treatment		 氮肥偏生产力
N partial productivity		 磷肥偏生产力
P partial productivity		 钾肥偏生产力
K partial productivity		 肥料偏生产力
Fertilizer partial productivity
D0N0 40.39d 93.03d 54.72d 18.59d
D0N1 52.70b 117.35b 70.41b 23.98b
均值Mean 46.55 105.19 62.57 21.29
D1N0 36.89e 84.98e 49.99e 16.98e
D1N1 50.34c 112.09c 67.25c 22.91c
均值Mean 43.62 98.54 58.62 19.95
D2N0 40.81d 94.00d 55.30d 18.79d
D2N1 58.20a 129.59a 77.75a 26.48a
均值Mean 49.51 117.80 66.53 22.64

Fig.1

Effects of different treatments on tillering dynamics of rice"

Table 3

Dry matter weight of the aerial parts in different growth stages of rice under different treatments t/hm2"

处理
Treatment		 分蘖中期
Middle-tillering stage		 孕穗期
Booting stage		 齐穗期
Full heading stage		 灌浆中期
Middle-filling stage		 成熟期
Maturation stage
D0N0 0.58b 3.16b 12.34a 15.54a 17.58ab
D0N1 0.63b 3.54ab 9.65ab 14.95ab 16.85bc
均值Mean 0.61 3.35 11.00 15.25 17.22
D1N0 0.74ab 3.17b 8.70b 11.65b 13.19d
D1N1 0.83ab 3.64ab 10.26ab 13.15ab 14.23cd
均值Mean 0.79 3.41 9.48 12.40 13.71
D2N0 0.96a 4.33a 10.00ab 15.48a 18.68ab
D2N1 0.95a 3.81ab 11.92a 16.47a 19.96a
均值Mean 0.96 4.07 10.96 15.98 19.32

Table 4

Correlation analysis between fertilizer application rate, transplanting density, yield and fertilizer partial productivity"

项目
Item		 移栽密度
Transplanting
density		 施肥量
Application
rate		 产量
Yield
施肥量
Fertilizer application rate		 <0.001
实际产量
Effective yield		 0.53* 0.09
肥料偏生产力
Fertilizer partial productivity		 0.20 -0.93** 0.27
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