Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 222-227.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.02.030

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Effects of Different Transplanting Periods on the Growth, Development and Yield Quality of Flue-Cured Tobacco in Tobacco-Rice Rotation Area

Li Yunxia1(), Yang Jiashuo2, Li Yangyang2, Xiang Shipeng2, Yu Jinlong3, Li Bin4, Zheng Weiwei1, Liu Lu1   

  1. 1Chenzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Hunan Province, Chenzhou 423000, Hunan, China
    2Central South China Agricultural Experimental Station of China Tobacco, Changsha 410000, Hunan, China
    3Hunan Tobacco Company Chenzhou City Company, Chenzhou 423000, Hunan, China
    4Jiahe County Branch of Hunan Tobacco Company, Chenzhou 424500, Hunan, China
  • Received:2023-11-28 Revised:2024-03-06 Online:2025-04-15 Published:2025-04-16

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Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted in Chenzhou tobacco-growing area to study the effects of different transplanting periods on the growth and yield quality of Xiangyan 7, with low temperature tolerance, in the southern Hunan tobacco-rice rotation area. The results showed that from mid-late February to mid-March, the growth period of tobacco plants in the field was shortened with the delay of the transplanting period. The plant height, effective leaf number, internode distance, waist leaf length and width, and leaf area showed an increasing trend, and the leaf area increased the most, reaching 13.78%. The contents of total sugar and reducing sugar in the middle leaves showed a gradually decreasing trend, the upper leaves showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, the contents of nicotine and total nitrogen in the middle leaves showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, but there was no obvious pattern in the upper leaves, and the potassium content in the middle and upper leaves showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The degree of style manifestation showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing gradually. The economic characteristics of flue-cured tobacco increased first and then decreased gradually. The increase of tobacco output value mainly came from the increase of yield and the proportion of high-quality tobacco. During the transplanting period, changes in meteorological conditions during the growth period affected the yield and proportion of high-grade tobacco plants. In this experiment, the transplanting process yield, output value and proportion of high-grade tobacco were the highest at the end of February, reaching 2790.30 kg/ha, 80 752.15 yuan/ha and 57.14%, respectively, which were 7.49%, 10.75% and 14.10% higher than the latest transplanting treatment, respectively. Therefore, the yield and intrinsic quality of tobacco leaves can be improved if the transplanting time of Xiangyan 7 is properly advanced, and the transplanting of tobacco seedlings should be completed at the end of February to the beginning of March.

Key words: Flue-cured tobacco, Transplanting period, Growth and development, Yield, Quality

Fig.1

Meteorological data of Chenzhou"

Fig.2

Temperature, sunshine hour and precipitation during field growth period"

Table 1

Effects of different treatments on flue-cured tobacco growth period"

处理
Treatment		 移栽期
（月-日）
Transplanting
date (month-day)		 团棵期
（月-日）
Rosette date
(month-day)		 现蕾期（月-日）
Flower-bud
appearing date
(month-day)		 初采期（月-日）
Starting
harvest date
(month-day)		 终采期（月-日）
Finishing
harvest date
(month-day)		 伸根期
Root
elongation
period (d)		 旺长期
Vigorous
growth
period (d)		 成熟期
Maturation
period (d)		 大田生育期
Field
growth
period (d)
T1 02-20 04-07 05-07 05-28 07-03 47 31 58 134
T2 02-27 04-09 05-08 05-28 07-03 42 30 57 127
T3 03-06 04-11 05-11 05-30 07-05 37 31 56 122
T4 03-13 04-13 05-12 05-30 07-05 32 30 55 115

Table 2

Effects of different treatments on agronomic characteristics of flue-cured tobacco"

处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant height (cm)		 有效叶数
Effective leaf number		 节距
Internode distance (cm)		 茎围
Stem girth (cm)		 腰叶长
Waist leaf length (cm)		 腰叶宽
Waist leaf width (cm)		 叶面积
Leaf area (cm2)
T1 98.80±0.40cC 20.57±0.03bB 11.40±0.15bA 4.80±0.02aA 73.20±0.21cB 23.33±0.14bB 1083.57±4.87cB
T2 107.10±0.17bB 22.20±0.35aA 11.67±0.03abA 4.82±0.07aA 78.32±0.25bA 24.68±0.12aA 1226.45±5.38bA
T3 107.40±0.32bAB 22.40±0.30aA 11.77±0.03aA 4.80±0.05aA 78.68±0.19abA 24.80±0.13aA 1238.08±6.95abA
T4 108.73±0.31aA 22.83±0.35aA 11.82±0.06aA 4.76±0.07aA 79.07±0.07aA 25.05±0.18aA 1256.76±8.53aA

Table 3

Effects of different treatments on economic characteristics of flue-cured tobacco"

处理
Treatment		 产量
Yield (kg/hm2)		 均价（元/kg）
Average price (yuan/kg)		 产值（元/hm2）
Output value (yuan/hm2)		 上等烟比例
Highgrade leaf proportion (%)		 上中等烟比例
High and middle grade leaf proportion (%)
T1 2584.20bB 28.31aA 73 165.46bB 53.43abA 94.21abA
T2 2790.30aA 28.93aA 80 752.15aA 57.14aA 96.02aA
T3 2687.15abAB 28.50aA 76 560.64abAB 55.44abA 95.09abA
T4 2595.85bAB 28.09aA 72 915.63bB 50.08bA 92.38bA

Table 4

Effects of different treatments on chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco leaves"

部位
Position		 处理
Treatment		 总糖
Total sugar
(%)		 还原糖
Reducing sugar
(%)		 烟碱
Nicotine
(%)		 总氮
Total nitrogen
(%)		 钾
Potassium
(%)		 糖碱比
Reducing sugar/
nicotine		 氮碱比
Total nitrogen/
nicotine		 两糖比
Reducing sugar/
total sugar
C3F T1 27.42 24.67 2.50 2.21 2.30 10.97 0.89 0.90
T2 26.58 23.51 2.65 2.52 2.77 10.03 0.95 0.88
T3 26.41 22.95 2.66 2.26 2.44 10.17 0.85 0.85
T4 26.33 21.54 2.52 2.02 2.28 10.46 0.80 0.82
B2F T1 26.64 21.55 3.33 2.51 2.36 8.00 0.75 0.81
T2 26.81 23.64 2.92 2.65 2.64 9.17 0.91 0.88
T3 26.99 23.58 3.01 2.36 2.40 8.97 0.78 0.87
T4 26.13 21.28 3.43 2.45 2.18 7.62 0.71 0.81

Table 5

Evaluation of sensory quality of tobacco leaves under different treatments"

处理
Treatment		 香气质
Aroma quality		 香气量
Amount of aroma		 透发性
Permeability		 杂气
Miscellaneous gas		 浓度
Concentration		 细腻度
Fineness
T1 6.7 6.4 6.5 6.5 6.3 6.7
T2 6.9 6.9 6.7 6.2 7.0 6.8
T3 6.8 6.5 6.7 6.2 6.2 6.8
T4 6.6 6.5 6.9 6.5 6.5 6.5
处理
Treatment		 刺激性
Irritability		 余味
After taste		 干净度
Cleanliness		 燃烧性
Combustibility		 灰色
Gray		 总分
Total score		 风格彰显度
Style prominence
T1 6.5 6.5 6.5 3.8 4.0 66.4 3.3
T2 6.5 6.5 6.7 4.0 5.0 69.2 4.2
T3 6.5 6.5 6.3 4.0 4.8 67.3 3.7
T4 6.5 6.5 6.6 4.0 4.0 67.1 3.5
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