Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 117-122.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.01.014

;

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Sowing Dates on Yield and Filling Characteristics of Summer Maize in the Central Yangtze-Huaihe Region

Chu Zhaokang1,2(), Wang Shiji2, Bi Jianjian1,2, Zhang Lin2, Peng Chen2, Chen Xiang1, Wu Wenming2()   

  1. 1School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
    2Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
  • Received:2024-02-20 Revised:2024-05-14 Online:2025-02-15 Published:2025-02-12

RichHTML

3

PDF (PC)

151

Abstract:

Field experiments were carried out to clarify the effects of sowing dates on the yield and grain-filling characteristics of the summer maize cultivar Luyu 9105. Four sowing dates were designed from 5th June to 5th July at 10-day intervals. The results showed that for every ten days of delayed sowing, the duration from the sowing to the silking stage was shortened by 3.3 days, and the duration from the silking to the physiological maturity stage was extended by 5.4 days. The sowing dates significantly affected yield, the yield and grains per ear of 5th June and 15th June were significantly higher than those of 25th June and 5th July, and the average yield reached the maximum at the sowing date of 15th June, however, the 100-grain weight reached maximum at 25 June. Grain-filling characteristics showed that with the delay of the sowing date, the grain-filling duration increased, and the average grain-filling rate initially increased and then decreased, the occurence time of the maximum grain-filling rate was advanced. The yield was significant positive correlation to grains per ear and 100-grain weight, the contribution rate of grains per ear to yield was 56.1%. With the delay of the sowing date, the increase of 100-grain weight could not compensate for the yield reduction caused by the decrease of grains per ear was the main factor for the yield decline. Consequently, the optimal sowing date for summer maize in the central Yangtze-Huaihe region is before 15th June.

Key words: Sowing date, Summer maize, Grains per ear, Filling characteristics, Yield

Table 1

Effects of different sowing dates of maize on growth stage and accumulated temperature (≥10 ℃)"

播期（月-日）
Sowing date
(month-day)		 吐丝期（月-日）
Silking stage
(month-day)		 生理成熟期（月-日）
Physiological maturity
stage (month-day)		 播种―吐丝期天数
Days from sowing
to silking stage (d)		 吐丝―生理成熟期天数
Days from silking to physiological
maturity stage (d)		 生育期
Growth
period (d)		 AT
(℃?d)
06-05 07-28 09-16 53 50 103 919.72
06-15 08-05 09-29 51 55 106 912.78
06-25 08-12 10-14 48 64 112 910.28
07-05 08-17 10-22 43 66 109 858.67

Table 2

Yield and its components of summer maize under different sowing dates"

年份
Year		 播期（月-日）
Sowing date (month-day)		 产量
Yield (kg/hm2)		 百粒重
100-grain weight (g)		 穗粒数
Grains per ear
2018 06-05 7946.83±165.71a 29.99±0.24ab 505.47±1.04a
06-15 7848.44±12.88a 27.32±0.88bc 510.80±5.98a
06-25 7700.99±134.14a 33.14±0.61a 430.73±13.17b
07-05 5383.93±135.93b 25.74±0.21c 404.80±26.95b
2019 06-05 8455.20±159.91a 28.52±0.39b 581.60±15.20a
06-15 9094.96±83.32a 31.53±0.72a 548.20±8.84ab
06-25 8185.20±283.80ab 28.08±0.23b 542.40±1.15ab
07-05 7371.84±261.91b 26.51±0.15b 515.00±4.71b

Fig.1

Relationship between yield and its components"

Fig.2

Effects of sowing dates on 100-grain weight and grain-filling rates of summer maize at seedling stage"

Table 3

Effects of sowing dates on grain filling characteristics parameters of summer maize"

播期
Sowing date		 模拟方程
Simulative equation		 R2 K
(g)		 Tm
(d)		 Vm
(g/d)		 T
(d)		 Va
(g/d)		 T1
(d)		 T2
(d)		 T3
(d)		 V1
(g/d)		 V2
(g/d)		 V3
(g/d)		 W1
(g)		 W2
(g)		 W3
(g)
06-05 y=28.0860/(1+e(3.8991-0.148305t)) 0.9965 28.09 26.29 1.04 57.28 0.49 17.41 17.76 22.10 0.34 0.91 0.52 5.94 16.22 11.59
06-15 y=28.9510/(1+e(3.1371-0.132631t)) 0.9889 28.95 23.65 0.96 58.30 0.50 13.72 19.86 24.72 0.45 0.84 0.48 6.12 16.71 11.95
06-25 y=30.4424/(1+e(2.9852-0.129219t)) 0.9912 30.44 23.10 0.98 58.66 0.52 12.91 20.38 25.37 0.50 0.86 0.50 6.43 17.58 12.56
07-05 y=27.2024/(1+e(3.2392-0.132685t)) 0.9878 27.20 24.41 0.90 59.04 0.46 14.49 19.85 24.71 0.40 0.79 0.45 5.75 15.71 11.23
CV (%) 4.81 5.71 5.92 1.30 4.88 13.40 5.97 5.97 16.01 5.92 5.92 4.81 4.81 4.81
[1] 张桂香, 霍治国, 杨建莹, 等. 江淮地区夏玉米涝渍灾害时空分布特征和风险分析. 生态学杂志, 2017, 36(3):747-756.
[2] 岳伟, 王晓东, 陈曦, 等. 安徽省夏玉米生长季气候资源变化特征及对气象产量的影响. 气象与环境科学, 2020, 43(4):72-80.
[3] 南晓洁, 周伟, 郭尚. 不同播期施用双孢蘑菇菌渣对糯玉米氨基酸含量的影响. 安徽农学通报, 2020, 26(18):30-32.
[4] 陈静, 任佰朝, 赵斌, 等. 叶面喷施甜菜碱对不同播期夏玉米产量形成及抗氧化能力的调控. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6):1502- 1515.
[5] 邹俊丽, 崔兆韵, 徐祎, 等. 黄淮海地区不同播期夏玉米籽粒脱水过程和产量形成的比较. 中国农业气象, 2022, 43(2):112- 123.
[6] 马艳, 李博, 刘爽, 等. 玉米不同播期对拔节期叶面积指数的影响. 农业科技通讯, 2022, 602(2):77-80.
[7] 任三学, 周广胜, 赵花荣, 等. 华北北部夏玉米适期早播的增产效果. 华北农学报, 2023, 38(6):81-93.
[8] 蓝天琼, 李思锦, 兰汉军, 等. 川中丘陵区不同播期玉米生育期气候资源及干旱特征分析——以中江为例. 中国生态农业学报, 2022, 30(8):1318-1327.
[9] 方缘, 陈妮娜, 姜鹏, 等. 基于WOFOST模型的辽西地区典型旱年不同播期玉米干旱损失评估. 气象与环境学报, 2022, 38 (4):93-101.
[10] 江晓东, 梁红丽, 李伟燕, 等. 长江下游地区不同播期玉米光合特性研究. 江苏农业科学, 2018, 46(6):78-81.
[11] 赵曼丝, 李森郁, 鲁溢超, 等. 高温胁迫对安徽省夏玉米生产的影响及对策. 安徽农学通报, 2021, 27(18):36-38.
[12] 陈洪俭, 王世济, 阮龙, 等. 淮河流域夏玉米渍涝灾害及防御对策. 安徽农学通报, 2011, 17(15):86-87.
[13] 严定春, 朱艳, 曹卫星. 水稻栽培适宜品种选择的知识模型. 南京农业大学学报, 2004, 27(4):20-25.
[14] Wu W M, Zhang L, Chu Z K, et al. Improvement of climate resource utilization efficiency to enhance maize yield through adjusting planting density. Agronomy, 2023, 13(3):846.
[15] 武文明, 王世济, 陈洪俭, 等. 氮肥运筹对苗期受渍夏玉米子粒灌浆特性和产量的影响. 玉米科学, 2016, 24(6):120-125.
[16] 宋阿伟, 王胜, 段春锋, 等. 未来RCPs情景下淮河流域夏玉米卡脖子旱风险预估. 暴雨灾害, 2021, 40(2):201-207.
[17] Li T, Zhang X P, Liu Q, et al. Yield and yield stability of single cropping maize under different sowing dates and the corresponding changing trends of climatic variables. Field Crops Research, 2022, 285(1):108589.
[18] 徐田军, 吕天放, 赵久然, 等. 不同播期条件下黄淮海区主推夏播玉米品种籽粒灌浆特性. 作物学报, 2021, 47(3):566-574.
[19] 彭丹丹, 吴超, 徐开未, 等. 不同播期玉米籽粒灌浆特性及其与气象因子的关系. 中国生态农业学报, 2022, 30(7):1134- 1142.
[20] 李向岭, 李从锋, 侯玉虹, 等. 不同播期夏玉米产量性能动态指标及其生态效应. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(6):1074-1083.
[21] 黄开健, 黄爱花, 莫润秀, 等. 基于气候变化特征的广西春玉米播期研究. 南方农业学报, 2018, 49(7):1304-1310.
[22] Zhou B Y, Yue Y, Sun X F, et al. Maize grain yield and dry matter production responses to variations in weather conditions. Agronomy Journal, 2016, 108(1):196-204.
[23] 张川, 刘栋, 王洪章, 等. 不同时期高温胁迫对夏玉米物质生产性能及籽粒产量的影响. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(19):3710-3722.
[24] Lizasoa J I, Ruiz-Ramosa M, Rodrígueza L, et al. Impact of high temperatures in maize: Phenology and yield components. Field Crops Research, 2018, 216:129-140.
[1] Ren Yongfu, Li Jiayi, Chen Guopeng, Pu Tian, Chen Hong, Wang Xiaochun. Effects of Different Planting Patterns on the Yield and Efficiency of Maize in Strip Intercropping System [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(2): 101-108.
[2] Tian Wenqiang, Wang Hongyi, Nie Lingfan, Sun Ganggang, Zhang Jun, Zhang Qiangbin, Yu Shan, Li Jiahao, Zhang Jinshan, Shi Shubing. The Effects of Sowing Date and Sowing Rate on the Growth, Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield of Extremely Late-Sown Wheat Population [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(2): 115-122.
[3] Ji Jinghong, Liu Shuangquan, Ma Xingzhu, Hao Xiaoyu, Zheng Yu, Zhao Yue, Wang Xiaojun, Kuang Enjun. Effects of Different Controlled-Release Urea on Agronomic Traits, Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Cold Region Rice [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(2): 149-154.
[4] Zhang Jili, He Jinghao, Wei Jianyu, Huang Chongjun, Wang Wei, Cai Yixia. Effects of Application Period of Microbial Inoculants on Rhizosphere Soil Bacterial Diversity, Enzyme Activity and Yield and Quality of Flue-Cured Tobacco [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(2): 162-171.
[5] Jin Dandan, Sui Shijiang, Chen Yue, Li Bo, Qu Hang, Gong Liang. Effects of Straw Returning with Nitrogen Application Reduction on Yield and Nitrogen Utilization of Rice in Liaohe Plain [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(2): 172-179.
[6] Li Yunxia, Yang Jiashuo, Li Yangyang, Xiang Shipeng, Yu Jinlong, Li Bin, Zheng Weiwei, Liu Lu. Effects of Different Transplanting Periods on the Growth, Development and Yield Quality of Flue-Cured Tobacco in Tobacco-Rice Rotation Area [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(2): 222-227.
[7] Li Junzhi, Dou Shuang, Wang Xiaodong, Zhang Meng, Xiao Jibing. Effects of Different Intercropping Patterns on Sorghum Growth and Development [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(2): 234-240.
[8] Zhao Lingling, Li Guifang, Cheng Chu, Zheng Mingjie, Hu Min, Zhu Jianfeng, Shen Ayi, Shen Aga, Wang Junzhen, Shao Meihong. Preliminary Report on Introduction Experiment of New Buckwheat Varieties in Zhejiang Province [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(2): 86-92.
[9] Luo Jianke, Zhang Kehou, Wang Zeyu, Zhang Pingzhen, Nan Ming. Research on the Production Performance of 18 Oat Varieties (Lines) in the Irrigation Area along the Yellow River in Baiyin City [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(2): 93-100.
[10] Long Weihua, Xian Zhihui, Zhang Zheng, Alibieligen·Hazitai , Zulehumaer·Wusimanjiang , Pu Huiming, Hu Maolong. Adaptability Analysis of Non-Transgenic Herbicide-Resistant Hybrid Rapeseed Lines from Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River in Ili River Valley, Xinjiang [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(1): 111-116.
[11] Zhang Kaikai, Zhao Deming, Ma Juhua, Bai Pengjun, Ma Peng, Chen Hui, Xu Wenjie, Huang Caixia, Liu Zhongyu. Effects of Furrow Straw Mulching on Soil Hydrothermal Characteristics and Yield of Potato under Dry Cultivation [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(1): 139-146.
[12] Lü Shuli, Ding Fang, Zheng Dongfang. Response of Photosynthetic Characteristics, Yield and Quality of Sesame Capsule to Different Chemical Ripening Agents [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(1): 155-161.
[13] Zhou Miaomiao, He Ruitong, Li Lan, Wang Hongxin, Peng Haoyuan, Zhang Yubo, Zhang Dan, Wang Jinbin, Luo Xinning, Qi Bingqin. Effects of Growth Regulators “EDAH” on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield Formation of Maize under High Planting Density [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(1): 162-169.
[14] Ma Peng, Wei Ximing, Ding Fangju, Zhang Kaikai, Wang Qiaoli, Xing Guyue, Chang Lei, Huang Caixia. Effects of Water and Nitrogen Regulation on Water Dynamics and Yield of Potato under Mulched Drip Irrigation [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(1): 170-178.
[15] Zhu Zijian, Chen Nana, Wu Yueying, Rang Zhongwen, Dai Linjian, Tian Minghui, Tian Feng, Yi Zhenxie. Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate, Planting Density and Retained Leaf Number on Yield and Quality of Xiangyan 7 in Tobacco Region of Western Hunan [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(1): 179-186.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] Guangcai Zhao,Xuhong Chang,Demei Wang,Zhiqiang Tao,Yanjie Wang,Yushuang Yang,Yingjie Zhu. General Situation and Development of Wheat Production[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 1 -7 .
[2] Baoquan Quan,Dongmei Bai,Yuexia Tian,Yunyun Xue. Effects of Different Leaf-Peg Ratio on Photosynthesis and Yield of Peanut[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 102 -105 .
[3] Xuefang Huang,Mingjing Huang,Huatao Liu,Cong Zhao,Juanling Wang. Effects of Annual Precipitation and Population Density on Tiller-Earing and Yield of Zhangzagu 5 under Film Mulching and Hole Sowing[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 106 -113 .
[4] Wenhui Huang, Hui Wang, Desheng Mei. Research Progress on Lodging Resistance of Crops[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 13 -19 .
[5] Yun Zhao,Cailong Xu,Xu Yang,Suzhen Li,Jing Zhou,Jicun Li,Tianfu Han,Cunxiang Wu. Effects of Sowing Methods on Seedling Stand and Production Profit of Summer Soybean under Wheat-Soybean System[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 114 -120 .
[6] Mei Lu,Min Sun,Aixia Ren,Miaomiao Lei,Lingzhu Xue,Zhiqiang Gao. Effects of Spraying Foliar Fertilizers on Dryland Wheat Growth and the Correlation with Yield Formation[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 121 -125 .
[7] Xiaofei Wang,Haijun Xu,Mengqiao Guo,Yu Xiao,Xinyu Cheng,Shuxia Liu,Xiangjun Guan,Yaokun Wu,Weihua Zhao,Guojiang Wei. Effects of Sowing Date, Density and Fertilizer Utilization Rate on the Yield of Oilseed Perilla frutescens in Cold Area[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 126 -130 .
[8] Pengjin Zhu,Xinhua Pang,Chun Liang,Qinliang Tan,Lin Yan,Quanguang Zhou,Kewei Ou. Effects of Cold Stress on Reactive Oxygen Metabolism and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of Sugarcane Seedlings[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 131 -137 .
[9] Jie Gao,Qingfeng Li,Qiu Peng,Xiaoyan Jiao,Jinsong Wang. Effects of Different Nutrient Combinations on Plant Production and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Utilization Characteristics in Waxy Sorghum[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 138 -142 .
[10] Na Shang,Zhongxu Yang,Qiuzhi Li,Huihui Yin,Shihong Wang,Haitao Li,Tong Li,Han Zhang. Response of Cotton with Vegetative Branches to Plant Density in the Western of Shandong Province[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 143 -148 .