Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 45-51.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.03.007

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Analysis of Avena nuda Bred in China Based on DUS Test Characteristics

Fu Guoqing(), Ji Junjian, Huo Ahong, Chen Lingwei, Wang Yao, Zuo Zhenxing, Ge Junyong, Kou Shujun()   

  1. Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Zhangjiakou Sub-Center for New Plant Variety Tests, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei, China
  • Received:2024-09-27 Revised:2024-12-02 Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-06-03

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Abstract:

The characteristics and the data were observed and collected from 27 Avena chinensis varieties that have applied for variety protection and registration in China in the 2017-2022. According to data statistics, it was found that the growth habit of the seedling stage was upright, which accounted for 74.1%; the green degree of seedling was concentrated in medium and strong, which accounted for 96.3%; the recurved flag leaves was low, which accounted for 55.6%; 81.5% of the spike branch direction were around; 85.2% of the stem thickness were medium; 63.0% of the stems were anthocyanin glycosides colored; 88.9% of the length of lemma were medium; the grain shapes include spindle shaped elliptical and oval shaped, with little difference, and no elongated cylindrical shape; the time of panicle emergence of 74.07% varieties concentrated in the medium early to medium late; 77.78% of the flag leaf length of the varieties were medium or slightly short; 81.48% of the plant height of the varieties were medium to high; 85.19% of the panicle length of the varieties were medium to medium length; 70.37% of the 1000-grain weight of the varieties were medium to medium high; 70.00% of the grain volume weight of the varieties were medium to high. The results of the DUS test traits showed that the main phenotypic characteristics of excellent Avena nuda varieties in China as below: the growth habit of the seedling stage is upright, the green degree of seedling is medium, the flag leaves length is about 20-22 cm and the frequency of plants with recurved flag leaves was low, the time of panicle emergence is about 50-55 day, the plant height is about 120-140 cm, the stem is thick and colorful, the length of lemma is medium, the panicle length is about 20-22 cm, the 1000-grain weigh is about 26-28 g, the grain volume weight is about 680-700 g/L.

Key words: Avena nuda, DUS test, Characteristics, Breeding

Table 1

Visual characteristics"

编号Number 观测性状Visual characteristic
V1 幼苗生长习性，1~3分别代表直立、中间型、匍匐型
V2 幼苗绿色程度，1~3分别代表浅、中、深
V3 植株旗叶下弯的比率，1~3分别代表低、中、高
V4 穗分枝方向，1~3分别代表单侧、中间型、四周
V5 茎粗，1~3分别代表细、中、粗
V6 茎花青甙显色，1和9分别代表无和有
V7 外稃长度，1~3分别代表短、中、长
V8
 籽粒形状，1~4分别代表长筒形、纺锤形、椭圆形、卵圆形

Fig.1

Frequency distribution of visual trait codes of Avena nuda varieties"

Table 2

The data of measured characteristics of 20 varieties with upright seedling growth habits"

性状Characteristic 最小值Min. 最大值Max. 平均值Mean 标准差SD 变异系数CV (%) 平均比值Average R (%)
M1 (d) 41.00 61.00 52.50 5.45 10.39 99.75
M2 (cm) 14.70 25.90 20.22 2.91 14.38 101.10
M3 (cm) 107.88 155.40 126.01 12.57 9.98 100.45
M4 (cm) 18.37 26.57 21.04 2.18 10.37 99.11
M5 (g) 18.72 37.45 27.06 3.84 14.18 103.38
M6 (g/L) 645.00 733.60 687.94 27.69 4.02 99.99

Table 3

The data of measured characteristics of 15 varieties with medium green seedling"

性状Characteristic 最小值Min. 最大值Max. 平均值Mean 标准差SD 变异系数CV (%) 平均比值Average R (%)
M1 (d) 47.00 63.00 54.07 4.53 8.37 102.73
M2 (cm) 14.70 25.90 20.54 2.90 14.11 102.69
M3 (cm) 106.90 155.40 126.44 14.60 11.55 100.79
M4 (cm) 19.37 26.57 22.06 2.10 9.51 103.92
M5 (g) 15.69 37.45 27.13 4.62 17.04 103.67
M6 (g/L) 645.00 733.60 680.54 27.24 4.00 98.92

Table 4

The data of measured characteristics of 15 varieties with low frequency of plants with recurved flag leaves"

性状Characteristic 最小值Min. 最大值Max. 平均值Mean 标准差SD 变异系数CV (%) 平均比值Average R (%)
M1 (d) 43.00 63.00 53.60 5.72 10.67 101.84
M2 (cm) 14.70 22.30 18.81 2.16 11.47 94.04
M3 (cm) 106.90 138.50 122.83 8.51 6.93 97.91
M4 (cm) 18.37 24.11 20.74 1.79 8.65 97.69
M5 (g) 15.69 29.78 25.57 4.18 16.34 97.70
M6 (g/L) 660.50 720.20 693.82 15.77 2.27 100.85

Table 5

The data of measured characteristics of 22 varieties with spike branching directions around"

性状Characteristic 最小值Min. 最大值Max. 平均值Mean 标准差SD 变异系数CV (%) 平均比值Average R (%)
M1 (d) 41.00 63.00 52.82 5.71 10.82 100.36
M2 (cm) 14.70 25.67 19.83 2.39 12.05 99.15
M3 (cm) 106.90 155.40 124.71 12.15 9.74 99.41
M4 (cm) 18.37 24.11 20.74 1.64 7.91 97.69
M5 (g) 15.69 30.05 25.70 3.96 15.43 98.18
M6 (g/L) 645.10 729.50 688.15 22.82 3.32 100.03

Table 6

The data of measured characteristics of 23 varieties with medium stem thickness"

性状Characteristic 最小值Min. 最大值Max. 平均值Mean 标准差SD 变异系数CV (%) 平均比值Average R (%)
M1 (d) 41.00 61.00 52.91 4.72 8.92 100.54
M2 (cm) 14.70 25.90 20.00 2.93 14.65 100.01
M3 (cm) 107.88 155.40 127.33 11.92 9.36 101.50
M4 (cm) 18.37 26.57 21.07 2.10 9.97 99.25
M5 (g) 18.72 37.45 27.10 3.52 12.98 103.54
M6 (g/L) 645.00 733.60 686.47 27.07 3.94 99.78

Table 7

The data of measured characteristics of 17 varieties with anthocyanin glycosides colored stems"

性状Characteristic 最小值Min. 最大值Max. 平均值Mean 标准差SD 变异系数CV (%) 平均比值Average R (%)
M1 (d) 41.00 61.00 51.71 5.61 10.85 98.24
M2 (cm) 15.05 25.67 19.89 2.51 12.61 99.46
M3 (cm) 113.45 155.40 126.62 9.81 7.75 100.94
M4 (cm) 18.62 24.11 20.82 1.68 8.08 98.08
M5 (g) 15.69 30.05 25.24 4.37 17.33 96.42
M6 (g/L) 645.10 729.50 689.06 20.62 2.99 100.16

Table 8

The data of measured characteristics of 24 varieties with medium length lemma"

性状Characteristic 最小值Min. 最大值Max. 平均值Mean 标准差SD 变异系数CV (%) 平均比值Average R (%)
M1 (d) 41.00 63.00 52.54 5.32 10.13 99.83
M2 (cm) 14.70 25.90 19.88 2.84 14.27 99.42
M3 (cm) 106.90 155.40 125.41 12.10 9.65 99.97
M4 (cm) 18.37 26.57 21.15 2.01 9.51 99.62
M5 (g) 15.69 37.45 25.94 4.56 17.57 99.12
M6 (g/L) 645.00 733.60 685.99 25.87 3.77 99.71

Table 9

The data of measured characteristics of ten varieties with fusiform grain"

性状Characteristic 最小值Min. 最大值Max. 平均值Mean 标准差SD 变异系数CV (%) 平均比值Average R (%)
M1 (d) 47.00 63.00 54.20 4.42 8.15 102.98
M2 (cm) 17.52 23.57 20.98 2.15 10.26 104.91
M3 (cm) 106.90 155.40 128.70 17.12 13.30 102.59
M4 (cm) 18.37 26.57 21.86 2.53 11.57 102.97
M5 (g) 21.64 30.11 26.87 2.59 9.65 102.65
M6 (g/L) 645.00 720.20 678.86 28.47 4.19 98.68

Table 10

Analysis on the variation of measured characteristics of 27 Avena nuda varieties"

性状
Characteristic		 最小值
Min.		 最大值
Max.		 平均值
Mean		 标准差
SD		 变异系数
CV (%)		 分布区间
Distribution interval		 比率
Ratio (%)
M1 (d) 41.00 63.00 52.63 5.26 9.99 47~55（中早~中晚） 74.07
M2 (cm) 14.70 25.90 20.00 2.78 13.92 19.4~22.3（短~中或中） 77.78
M3 (cm) 106.90 155.40 125.45 12.06 9.61 117.9~138.0（中~高） 81.48
M4 (cm) 18.37 26.57 21.23 2.09 9.84 19.9~25.5（中~中长） 85.19
M5 (g) 15.69 37.45 26.17 4.38 16.73 25.6~28.6（中~中高） 70.37
M6 (g/L) 645.00 733.60 687.97 25.27 3.67 677.0~701.5（中~高） 70.00

Table 11

The correlation coefficients of 14 characteristics"

指标Index M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8
M1 1.000
M2 -0.069 1.000
M3 0.299 -0.034 1.000
M4 0.223 0.305 0.317 1.000
M5 0.322 0.165 0.136 -0.062 1.000
M6 -0.226 0.358 -0.516** -0.054 -0.024 1.000
V1 0.042 -0.134 -0.080 0.154 -0.348 0.003 1.000
V2 -0.392* -0.141 0.061 -0.224 -0.190 0.127 0.215 1.000
V3 -0.232 0.507** 0.315 0.322 0.139 -0.250 -0.380 -0.218 1.000
V4 0.055 -0.034 -0.181 -0.588** -0.101 0.141 -0.076 0.164 -0.365 1.000
V5 0.518** 0.165 0.052 -0.087 0.530** -0.133 -0.108 -0.223 0.160 -0.088 1.000
V6 -0.234 -0.048 0.131 -0.259 -0.285 0.057 0.279 0.651** -0.313 0.274 -0.353 1.000
V7 -0.187 0.245 -0.080 0.205 0.040 0.187 -0.066 -0.276 0.183 -0.175 0.022 -0.377 1.000
V8 -0.377 -0.093 -0.290 -0.038 -0.207 0.459* 0.158 0.554** -0.316 0.234 -0.500** 0.402* -0.265 1.000
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