Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 247-259.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.05.032

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Effects of Exogenous Substances on Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Capacity of Upper Leaves of Flue-Cured Tobacco under High Temperature Stress

Zeng Jianan1(), Ye Xiaoqing2, Cai Minjue1, Zhou Cheng2, He Peng2, Chen Zhuangzhuang2, Chen Yufeng2, Cao Liangjun3, Chen Jianjun1, Wang Yuanyuan1()   

  1. 1 Tobacco Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
    2 Shenzhen Tobacco Industrial Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518109, Guangdong, China
    3 Xintian County Branch of Yongzhou Tobacco Company in Hunan Province, Yongzhou 425700, Guangdong, China
  • Received:2023-12-06 Revised:2024-03-22 Online:2025-10-15 Published:2025-10-21

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Abstract:

In order to explore the mechanism and technology of alleviating "high temperature forcing ripening" of the upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco by different exogenous substances, a field warming shed was built to treat the upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco at high temperature at mature stage. The leaves were treated with water (H2O), salicylic acid (SA), melatonin (MT) and 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) under natural climate growth (CK) and high temperature stress (HT), respectively. The effects of exogenous substances on photosynthesis and antioxidant properties of the upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco at mature stage were studied under high temperature stress. The responses of upper leaves to high temperature stress were compared under different exogenous substances. The results showed that the photosynthesis and antioxidant capacity of the upper leaves were inhibited by high temperature stress, thus affecting the accumulation of photosynthetic products in leaves. The correlation analysis showed that leaf forcing rate and leaf yield were significantly correlated with a number of photosynthetic indexes (net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate), antioxidant capacity indexes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, lipoxygenase, total antioxidant capacity), and photosynthetic products (total sugar, reducing sugar). After the application of exogenous substances to high temperature stressed tobacco leaves, the forcing rate of tobacco leaves decreased significantly. It was concluded that leaf spraying SA, MT and 6-BA could effectively improve the operation efficiency of photosynthetic apparatus, antioxidant enzyme activity and osmotic regulatory substance content in the upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco under high temperature stress, maintain the stability of leaf cell membrane structure, and reduce the forced maturing rate to ensure the tobacco yield and quality. Among them, the exogenous substance treatment with the best alleviating effect was 0.05 g/L 6-BA. It was followed by 0.02 g/L MT and 0.50 g/L SA.

Key words: Flue-cured tobacco, Exogenous substances, High temperature stress, Upper leaf, Photosynthesis, Antioxidant capacity

Fig.1

Field temperature changes (a) and leaf surface temperature (b) The data are the average ± standard error of three repetitions. The same below."

Fig.2

Effects of different exogenous substances on the characteristics of flue-cured tobacco leaves under high temperature stress"

Fig.3

Effects of different exogenous substances on the chloroplast pigments in flue-cured tobacco leaves under high temperature stress Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different treatments at the same sampling time (P < 0.05). The same below."

Table 1

Effects of different exogenous substances on the color characteristic values of flue-cured tobacco leaves under high temperature stress"

处理时长Processing duration 处理Treatment L* a* b* C* H*
5 d CK 48.66±0.51d -6.12±0.61b 30.45±0.58c 31.11±0.66d 101.10±1.01a
HT 65.52±0.23a 5.18±1.41a 54.70±1.28a 51.67±2.99a 83.97±1.35c
H2O 61.07±1.16b -3.25±0.14b 45.90±0.28b 46.24±0.17ab 87.97±4.66bc
SA 51.28±2.18cd -3.90±0.48b 44.60±3.70b 35.82±3.70cd 91.26±4.43b
MT 53.63±2.06c -5.62±1.74b 39.44±3.44b 39.94±3.29bc 98.43±2.89a
6-BA 55.48±1.60c -6.03±1.21b 43.27±3.25b 35.35±3.28cd 99.11±1.40a
10 d CK 48.70±3.39c -3.95±1.61b 24.00±1.70d 30.94±5.42b 96.80±1.55ab
HT 66.03±1.45a 5.07±0.64a 57.28±0.59a 44.57±2.42a 80.88±3.01c
H2O 57.66±0.38b -2.33±1.25b 44.90±0.08b 45.14±0.10a 95.51±1.59ab
SA 58.59±1.38b -2.87±0.94b 45.36±1.09b 45.48±1.02a 93.67±1.29b
MT 53.41±0.55bc -4.16±0.93b 39.07±0.92c 39.32±1.00a 96.03±1.25ab
6-BA 54.38±0.94b -4.57±0.57b 39.64±1.41c 40.36±1.46a 100.80±0.60a

Fig.4

Chromaticity coordinates of upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco under high temperature stress with different exogenous substances"

Fig.5

Effects of different exogenous substances on photosynthesis of flue-cured tobacco leaves under high temperature stress"

Fig.6

Principal component analysis of photosynthesis related indicators of flue-cured tobacco leaves under high temperature stress"

Fig.7

Effects of different exogenous substances on the stability of cell membrane structure in flue-cured tobacco leaves under high temperature stress"

Fig.8

Effects of different exogenous substances on the antioxidant system of flue-cured tobacco leaves under high temperature stress"

Fig.9

The apparent effects of different exogenous substances on forced ripening rate and flue-cured tobacco leaves under high temperature stress"

Table 2

Effects of different exogenous substances on the chemical components of flue-cured tobacco leaves (B2F) under high temperature stress"

处理
Treatment		 总糖
Total
sugar (%)		 还原糖
Reducing
sugar (%)		 淀粉
Starch
(%)		 总氮
Total
nitrogen (%)		 烟碱
Nicotine
(%)		 氯
Chlorine
(%)		 两糖差
Difference
(reducing-total sugar)		 糖碱比
Sugar-nicotine
ratio
CK 19.22±0.54a 17.42±0.05a 1.29±0.04de 2.09±0.02f 2.93±0.03d 0.46±0.01fg 1.80±0.71de 6.56±0.29a
HT 11.94±0.02e 9.34±0.06f 1.79±0.04b 2.32±0.02c 3.08±0.01ab 0.56±0.01cde 2.93±0.04abc 3.87±0.01g
H2O 12.27±0.08e 9.65±0.03f 1.41±0.06cd 2.29±0.02c 3.03±0.01bc 0.62±0.01a 2.29±0.06cde 4.06±0.01fg
SA 14.22±0.05c 11.86±0.03d 0.86±0.02g 2.22±0.03d 2.93±0.03d 0.59±0.01b 2.36±0.07cde 4.85±0.06d
MT 14.23±0.09c 11.66±0.10d 1.22±0.03ef 2.11±0.01ef 2.96±0.03d 0.58±0.02bc 2.57±0.14cd 4.81±0.06d
6-BA 16.11±0.26b 13.42±0.05b 1.11±0.03f 2.07±0.01f 2.85±0.02e 0.55±0.01de 2.70±0.23bc 5.66±0.07b

Table 3

Effects of different exogenous substances on economic characters of upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco under high temperature stress"

处理
Treatment		 产量
Yield (kg/hm2)		 产值（元/hm2）
Output value
(yuan/hm2)		 均价（元/kg）
Average price
(yuan/kg)		 上等烟比例
Premium
ratio (%)		 中上等烟比例
Percentage of medium
and superior tobacco (%)
CK 923.55±27.45a 30 774.15±417.30a 12.71±0.21ab 31.22±1.60abc 35.91±0.04b
HT 643.95±12.00e 17 068.80±558.30f 10.10±0.14f 19.80±0.38d 30.73±0.48e
H2O 738.15±13.50d 23 528.55±170.40cd 12.16±0.14d 28.74±0.55bc 35.00±0.40bc
SA 746.70±7.50d 23 949.45±171.00cd 12.23±0.13cd 28.65±0.46c 35.18±0.37bc
MT 746.55±36.30d 23 856.75±1033.80cd 12.19±0.15d 29.95±1.01abc 34.38±0.42c
6-BA 821.55±22.80bc 27 247.05±726.30b 12.64±0.04abc 31.55±0.97a 35.84±0.27b

Fig.10

Correlation analysis of yield, forced ripening rate, photosynthetic parameters and antioxidant characteristic factors TS: total sugar, RS: reducing sugar, St: starch, TN: total nitrogen, Ni: nicotine, DS: difference (reducing-total sugar), SAR: sugar-nicotine ratio, FRR: forced ripening rate, Y: yield.“*”indicates significant correlation (P < 0.05),“**”indicates extremely significant correlation (P < 0.01)."

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