Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 124-134.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.01.018

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The Characteristics of Climate Factors Change and Its Effects on Main Grain Crops Yield per Unit Area in Henan Province

Li Wenxu1(), Wu Zhengqing1, Lei Zhensheng1, Jiang Guiying2()   

  1. 1Wheat Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
    2College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
  • Received:2020-04-30 Revised:2020-12-10 Online:2021-02-15 Published:2021-02-23
  • Contact: Jiang Guiying E-mail:tinbingye@163.com;jgy9090@126.com

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Abstract:

Based on the data from the statistics record, we analyzed the effect of main climatic factors on main grain crops yield per unit area in Henan province. It was aimed to provide the theoretical basis for crop adaptability management selection under climate change condition. The study was based on the climate data from China Meteorological Organization during 1960-2018 and the wheat, maize and rice yield per unit area from statistics yearbook of Henan Province during 1985-2018. The dynamics of four climate factors, the annual mean temperature (AMT), annual precipitation (AP), annual sunshine hours (ASH), and annual mean relative humidity (AMRH) together with three crops yield per unit area (wheat, maize and rice), and their relationship were analyzed. The results showed, the AMT was raised 0.20℃/10a, and the highest increment was in the eastern Henan, and the lowest one was in western and center of Henan. There was no obviously trend of AP with time, whereas its fluctuation among years was large, especially in the southern Henan. The ASH was clearly decreased with time in all regions, and with the mean descent rate as 122.8h/10a. The AMRH was decreased in all region except the eastern Henan. The wheat and rice yield were significantly increased with time by 1 158 and 1 050kg/ha per ten years, respectively. While the maize yield was slowly increased, with the increase rate of 670kg/ha per ten years. The AMT significantly affected the three crops yield per unit area, and followed by ASH and AMRH. Since there was irrigation condition varied in different regions, the crops yield per unit area were litter affected by AP. Generally, the AMT raised significantly, while the ASH and AMRH declined with time. The AP was obviously fluctuated with year. Wheat and rice yield per unit area increased significantly with time, while maize yield was stable. The crops yield per unit area was sensitive with AMT and ASH but not with AP and AMRH, especial in northern, center and eastern Henan province.

Key words: Henan province, Grain crop, Crop yield per unit area, Climate change, Different regions

Fig.1

The change of annual mean temperature ** represent extremely significant correlation (P < 0.01)"

Fig.2

The change of annual precipitation"

Fig.3

The change of annual sunshine hours"

Fig.4

The change of annual mean relative humidity"

Fig.5

The change of wheat yield per unit area"

Fig.6

The change of maize yield per unit area"

Fig.7

The change of rice yield per unit area"

Fig.8

The relationships between crop yield and annual mean temperature yw is wheat yield per unit area; ym is maize yield per unit area; yr is rice yield per unit area, the same below"

Fig.9

The relationships between crop yield per unit area and annual precipitation"

Fig.10

The relationships between crop yield per unit area and annual sunshine hour"

Fig.11

The relationships between crop yield per unit area and annual relative humidity"

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