Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 177-181.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.06.028

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Effects of Potassium Fertilizer on Morphology, Mechanical Properties, Physiological Characteristics and Lodging Resistance of Broom Corn Millet

Liang Haiyan1(), Li Hai1(), Ding Chao1, Yang Fang1, Song Xiaoqiang1, Deng Yarui1, Liu Guishan2, Lin Fengxian1, Zhang Xiangyu1, Su Zhanming1, Jiang Chao1   

  1. 1High Latitude Crops Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Datong 037008, Shanxi, China
    2Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Wuzhai County, Xinzhou 036200, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2021-04-06 Revised:2021-04-19 Online:2021-12-15 Published:2021-12-16
  • Contact: Li Hai E-mail:lianghaiyan125@126.com;lihaihai2005@126.com

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Abstract:

In order to study the effects of potassium (K) fertilizer on agronomic, mechanical and physiological properties of broom corn millet, an experiment of different amounts of potassium fertilizer was conducted using Jinshu No.9. The results showed that potassium fertilizer could increase plant biomass, stem diameter and root weight, increase plant basal internode fullness, flexural strength and mechanical strength, reduce lodging index and lodging coefficient, change plant stem physiological characteristics, increase the contents of lignin, cellulose and other chemical components in the second basal internode, improve the basal internode vascular bundle characteristics, and finally could enhance plant lodging resistance and increase the yield of mylonium. Considering the lodging resistance and economic benefit of millet plants, the effect of applying K (K2O) 90kg/ha was better.

Key words: Broom corn millet, K amount, Stem morphology, Mechanical properties, Physiological characteristics, Lodging resistance

Table 1

Effects of different K fertilizer application rates on straw morphological characteristics of broom corn millet plants"

年份
Year		 K肥
K fertilizer
(K2O kg/hm2)		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 穗长
Spike length
(cm)		 穗重
Spike weight
(g)		 重心高
Center of
gravity height (cm)		 穗颈长
Neck length
of spike (cm)		 基茎粗
Basinal stem
diameter (cm)		 地上部鲜重
Aboveground
fresh weight (g)		 根重
Root weight
(g)
2017 0 157.0 36.3 24.8 79.7 24.7 0.78 64.8 3.07
30 161.3 34.3 18.5 81.2 19.7 0.69 56.9 3.93
60 165.5 35.6 23.0 81.0 22.3 0.84 63.6 4.67
90 166.3 34.5 26.3 88.0 19.5 0.90 77.7 5.27
120 162.3 34.7 21.8 82.3 21.3 0.83 62.1 4.00
150 166.0 35.7 17.7 84.0 20.5 0.82 58.2 3.57
2018 0 127.3 37.3 22.2 83.0 21.6 0.81 67.2 3.56
45 136.3 38.0 20.2 85.4 18.3 0.78 60.5 3.76
90 139.6 37.2 24.4 87.8 22.4 0.88 75.5 3.92
135 142.3 38.2 22.4 90.9 22.6 0.89 82.0 3.85

Table 2

Effects of different K fertilizer application rates on intersection characteristics of broom corn millet plants"

年份
Year		 K肥
K fertilizer
(K2O kg/hm2)		 节间长Intersection length (cm) 节间鲜重Fresh intersection weight (g) 充实度Straw fullness (g/cm)
基1节
Section
1		 基2节
Section
2		 基3节
Section
3		 基4节
Section
4		 基1节
Section
1		 基2节
Section
2		 基3节
Section
3		 基4节
Section
4		 基1节
Section
1		 基2节
Section
2		 基3节
Section
3		 基4节
Section
4		 均值
Average
2017 0 15.17 15.00 16.00 14.83 5.53 4.57 4.63 4.27 0.36 0.30 0.29 0.29 0.31
30 9.50 18.33 20.67 17.33 3.33 5.32 5.07 5.00 0.35 0.29 0.25 0.29 0.30
60 8.50 16.33 13.83 16.83 3.23 5.47 4.43 5.33 0.38 0.33 0.32 0.32 0.34
90 7.17 14.83 16.50 15.00 3.40 6.17 6.20 5.93 0.47 0.42 0.38 0.40 0.42
120 4.67 14.50 17.33 16.00 1.82 4.54 5.70 5.40 0.39 0.31 0.33 0.34 0.34
150 5.33 17.00 17.00 18.00 1.97 5.73 5.37 5.83 0.37 0.34 0.32 0.32 0.34
2018 0 8.23 15.22 16.95 16.15 2.83 4.94 6.76 5.03 0.34 0.32 0.40 0.31 0.34
45 6.03 15.97 19.08 18.18 2.06 4.91 5.68 5.16 0.34 0.31 0.30 0.28 0.31
90 10.97 13.65 19.48 16.92 3.34 5.59 9.03 5.52 0.30 0.41 0.46 0.33 0.38
135 13.11 16.87 24.80 18.63 3.90 6.82 7.97 7.61 0.30 0.40 0.32 0.41 0.36

Table 3

Effects of different K fertilizer on mechanical characteristics of broom corn millet plants"

年份
Year		 K肥
K
fertilizer
(K2O
kg/hm2)		 抗折力
Breaking resistance (N)		 机械强度
Mechanical strength (N·cm)		 倒伏指数
Lodging index		 倒伏系数
Lodging coefficient
基1节
Section
1		 基2节
Section
2		 基3节
Section
3		 基4节
Section
4		 基1节
Section
1		 基2节
Section
2		 基3节
Section
3		 基4节
Section
4		 基1节
Section
1		 基2节
Section
2		 基3节
Section
3		 基4节
Section
4		 基1节
Section
1		 基2节
Section
2		 基3节
Section
3		 基4节
Section
4
2017 0 44.7 34.4 28.1 22.6 338.7 258.3 224.5 167.6 15.2 20.0 23.0 30.8 9.8 12.9 14.8 19.8
30 50.0 32.8 28.4 23.6 237.3 300.7 293.1 204.2 19.5 15.4 15.8 22.6 9.8 7.8 8.0 11.4
60 54.2 38.2 32.4 25.7 230.4 312.0 224.3 216.6 22.4 16.6 23.0 23.9 9.8 7.2 10.0 10.4
90 55.0 38.4 39.9 30.6 197.1 284.8 328.9 229.8 34.7 24.0 20.8 29.8 12.5 8.6 7.5 10.7
120 40.3 35.6 31.7 22.6 93.9 258.1 274.4 180.5 54.4 19.8 18.6 28.3 26.8 9.8 9.2 14.0
150 50.9 35.2 32.2 26.1 135.8 299.5 273.7 234.9 36.1 16.4 17.9 20.9 19.9 9.0 9.9 11.5
2018 0 41.4 30.9 27.2 26.8 170.5 235.0 230.2 216.1 32.7 23.8 24.2 25.8 14.1 10.2 10.4 11.1
45 40.8 28.0 22.4 22.0 122.9 223.8 213.5 199.9 42.0 23.1 24.2 25.8 17.6 9.7 10.1 10.8
90 53.1 46.4 32.2 27.0 291.2 316.5 313.9 228.2 22.8 20.9 21.1 29.0 9.2 8.5 8.6 11.8
135 48.4 40.4 27.0 25.2 316.9 340.8 334.3 235.0 25.5 23.7 24.1 34.3 10.3 9.6 9.8 14.0

Fig.1

Average lodging coefficients of plant stalk base in section 2-4 under different K dosage in 2017-2018"

Fig.2

Lignin contents of different K fertilizer treatments in section 2 Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05). The same below"

Fig.3

Cellulose contents in section 2 under different K fertilizer treatments"

Fig.4

Effects of different K fertilizer treatments on broom corn millet plants yield (2017-2018) Difference capital letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.01)"

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