Crops ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 182-187.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.05.027

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Studies on Physiological Characteristics and Main Agronomic Traits of Five Cassava Varieties

Luo Xinglu1,2(), Huang Xiaofeng3, Wu Meiyan1, Liu Shanqian1, Zhao Bowei1   

  1. 1College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, Guangxi, China
    2State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agricultural Biological Resources, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
    3Chongzuo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530215, Guangxi, China
  • Received:2020-02-15 Revised:2020-03-27 Online:2020-10-15 Published:2020-10-12

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Abstract:

The physiological characteristics and main agronomic traits of cassava varieties Xixuan 07, Guiken 09-11, Fuxuan 01, Nanzhi 199 and Huanan 205 were studied. The results showed that the contents of chlorophyll, sucrose, soluble sugar in leaves, yield and starch contents of different cassava varieties were significantly different. Xixuan 07 had the highest root tuber yield, followed by Guiken 09-11 and Fuxuan 01. Nanzhi 199 had the highest starch content, followed by Fuxuan 01 and Xixuan 07; Xixuan 07 had the highest starch yield, followed by Fuxuan 01 and Guiken 09-11. The root tuber numbers, length, diameter and the root tuber weight per plant of Xixuan 07 were the highest in all cassava varieties used in the test. Nanzhi 199 had the highest contents of sucrose and soluble sugar in leaves, followed by Xixuan 07 and Fuxuan 01. There were significant positive correlations between the content of sucrose and soluble sugar in leaves, and the content of starch in root tubers. The contents of sucrose and soluble sugar could be used as physiological indexes for evaluation of high starch cassava cultivars. The starch yield was a comprehensive index reflecting the capacity of cassava starch production. It is more scientific and reasonable that the starch yield is used as a quality evaluation index of cassava varieties. The starch yield can reflect the comprehensive ability of cassava starch production, and it can be used as an index to evaluate the quality of cassava varieties.

Key words: Cassava varieties, Physiological characteristics, Agronomic trait, Yield, Starch content

Table 1

Chlorophyll content of different cassava varieties in different periods mg/g"

品种
Variety		 苗期
Seedling stage		 块根形成期
Root tuber formation stage		 块根膨大期
Root tuber bulking stage		 块根成熟期
Root tuber maturity stage
西选07 Xixuan 07 2.98±0.18aA 4.22±0.25aA 4.31±0.65aA 4.16±0.83aA
辐选01 Fuxuan 01 2.89±0.17aA 3.54±0.08bA 4.28±0.67aA 4.12±0.81aA
桂垦09-11 Guiken 09-11 2.16±0.31bAB 4.18±0.33aA 3.68±0.44aA 2.73±1.24bA
南植199 Nanzhi 199 2.87±0.30aA 4.12±0.40aA 3.89±0.72aA 3.66±0.41abA
华南205 Huanan 205 1.96±0.20cB 3.84±0.08bA 3.96±0.27aA 3.62±1.43abA

Table 2

Contents of sucrose and total soluble sugar in leaves of different cassava varieties %"

品种
Variety		 苗期
Seedling stage		 块根形成期
Root tuber formation stage		 块根膨大期
Root tuber bulking stage		 块根成熟期
Root tuber maturity stage
蔗糖
Sucrose		 可溶性总糖
Soluble sugar		 蔗糖
Sucrose		 可溶性总糖
Soluble sugar		 蔗糖
Sucrose		 可溶性总糖
Soluble sugar		 蔗糖
Sucrose		 可溶性总糖
Soluble sugar
西选07 Xixuan 07 4.68±0.62aA 8.93±0.88aA 5.42±0.03aA 9.29±0.25aA 5.83±0.23aA 9.84±0.38aA 4.90±0.37aA 8.24±0.58aA
辐选01 Fuxuan 01 4.46±0.81aA 8.92±0.06aA 5.87±0.56aA 9.27±0.55aA 5.98±0.36aA 9.97±0.57aA 4.88±0.47aA 8.17±0.54aA
桂垦09-11 Guiken 09-11 3.11±0.72bA 7.16±0.95bA 4.22±0.42bA 7.17±0.63bA 4.13±0.51bA 7.22±0.66bA 3.43±0.54bA 6.04±0.65bA
南植199 Nanzhi 199 4.73±0.69aA 8.97±1.27aA 5.95±0.52aA 9.63±0.57aA 5.99±0.43aA 9.98±0.45aA 4.92±0.46aA 8.38±0.45aA
华南205 Huanan 205 3.35±0.75bA 7.37±0.18bA 4.66±0.48bA 7.46±0.63bA 4.83±0.47bA 7.66±0.72bA 3.86±0.43bA 6.58±0.72bA

Table 3

Plant height and stem diameter of different cassava varieties cm"

品种
Variety		 苗期
Seedling stage		 块根形成期
Root tuber formation stage		 块根膨大期
Root tuber bulking stage		 块根成熟期
Root tuber maturity stage
株高
Plant height		 茎径
Stem diameter		 株高
Plant height		 茎径
Stem diameter		 株高
Plant height		 茎径
Stem diameter		 株高
Plant height		 茎径
Stem diameter
西选07 Xixuan 07 62.2±5.6aA 1.5±0.8aA 167.3±7.6aA 2.7±0.8aA 285.2±5.8aA 3.1±0.8aA 365.2±5.9aA 4.1±0.8aA
辐选01 Fuxuan 01 61.2±9.3aA 1.4±0.4aA 166.5±7.8aA 2.8±0.4aA 283.2±9.5aA 3.1±0.4aA 363.2±9.4aA 3.8±0.6aA
桂垦09-11 Guiken 09-11 66.0±10.7aA 1.8±0.9aA 170.6±8.6aA 2.9±0.8aA 298.7±10.2aA 3.4±0.9aA 374.7±10.6aA 4.3±0.9aA
南植199 Nanzhi 199 44.9±3.3bB 0.8±0.5bB 113.5±8.6bB 1.8±0.9bB 154.9±4.3bB 2.1±0.5bB 174.9±4.6bB 2.8±0.8bB
华南205 Huanan 205 48.1±4.5bB 0.9±0.8bB 115.8±8.4bB 1.9±0.7bB 164.1±6.5bB 2.3±0.8bB 188.1±6.8bB 2.9±0.7bB

Table 4

Main economic characters of different cassava varieties"

品种
Variety		 块根数
Number of root tubers
 块根长
Root tuber length (cm)		 块根粗
Root tuber diameter (cm)		 块根重(kg/株)
Root tuber weight (kg/plant)
西选07 Xixuan 07 9.4±0.3aA 45.2±4.2aA 6.2±0.6aA 4.9±0.8aA
辐选01 Fuxuan 01 8.9±0.7aA 44.8±5.8aA 5.9±0.4aA 4.6±0.7aA
桂垦09-11 Guiken 09-11 9.2±0.4aA 42.9±2.6aA 5.8±0.6aA 4.7±0.6aA
南植199 Nanzhi 199 7.2±0.8bB 34.9±1.3bB 5.2±0.8bB 3.2±0.8bB
华南205 Huanan 205 7.6±0.6bB 35.8±2.4bB 5.4±0.9bB 3.4±0.5bB

Table 5

Yield and starch content of root tuber of different cassava varieties"

品种Variety 块根产量Root tuber yield (kg/hm2) 块根淀粉含量Starch content of root tuber (%) 淀粉产量Starch yield (kg/hm2)
西选07 Xixuan 07 58 863.4±1 025.3aA 32.0±2.6aA 18 836.3±1 024.2aA
辐选01 Fuxuan 01 55 264.5±978.7bA 32.1±3.2aA 17 739.9±1 168.9bA
桂垦09-11 Guiken 09-11 56 458.9±1 054.6bA 29.4±2.9bA 16 598.9±1 057.4cB
南植199 Nanzhi 199 38 458.6±986.4dC 33.8±2.6aA 12 999.0±998.7dC
华南205 Huanan 205 43 836.4±894.7cB 30.7±3.8bA 13 457.8±1 057.4dC

Table 6

Correlation coefficient between sucrose and soluble sugar content in leaves and starch content of root tuber of cassava"

指标Index 蔗糖含量
Sucrose content		 可溶性糖含量
Soluble sugar content		 块根淀粉含量
Starch content of root tuber
蔗糖含量Sucrose content 1
可溶性糖含量Soluble sugar content 0.762* 1
块根淀粉含量Starch content of root tuber 0.912** 0.904** 1
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