Crops ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 215-223.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.04.031

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Effects of Foliar Spraying Selenium on Selenium Accumulation of Oat Varieties and Evaluation of Their Comprehensive Traits

Li Yue1(), Ning Dan1, Lü Yufeng1, Zhang Bin1, Xue Zhiqiang2, Jia Juqing1, Feng Meichen1, Song Xiaoyan1, Zhang Meijun1(), Yang Wude1   

  1. 1National Laboratory of Minor Crops Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding (in Preparation)/College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, Shanxi, China
    2Ecological Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Research Institute, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shuozhou 037200, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2022-03-01 Revised:2022-04-06 Online:2023-08-15 Published:2023-08-15
  • Contact: Zhang Meijun E-mail:l635642675@163.com;meijunz@126.com

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Abstract:

In order to reveal the effects of spraying selenium on the selenium accumulation in oats, and evaluate and screen excellent comprehensive traits oats varieties based on yield and quality after spraying selenium, 24 oats varieties were used as research materials, three spraying concentrations were set (sodium selenite dosage was 0, 80, 160g/ha) to spray on leaves at heading stage. The results showed that selenium content in oats leaves had the highest increase with increasing spraying selenium concentration at mature stage, with selenium content in grains in turn. The spraying selenium decreased the variation degree of grain selenium content. Under the same selenium concentration, the differences of selenium contents in grains among 24 oats varieties were the greatest, however, and the least in roots. When 80g/ha sodium selenite was sprayed, the highest selenium content in grains was 0.30mg/kg, but when the spraying concentration was 160g/ha, the grain selenium contents of 24 oats varieties all exceeded the limitations for selenium content in foods or edible materials from most of different literatures (0.300mg/kg). The variation levels of grain protein, fat and β-glucan contents were also changed by spraying selenium. When spraying 80g/ha sodium selenite, the yields of oats had no significant difference compared with the treatment of spraying 0g/ha; correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between selenium content and contents of fat and β-glucan, with correlation coefficients 0.63 and 0.42, respectively. GYT biplot analysis based on yield and considering grain selenium, protein, fat and β-glucan contents showed that the top five oat varieties were Pinyan 1, Banner, OA1576-4, Baiyan 10 and Pinyan 2 in turn.

Key words: Oat, Foliar spraying selenium, Selenium accumulation, Comprehensive trait evaluation

Table 1

Test oat varieties information"

编号
Code		 品种名称
Variety
name		 裸（皮）
Naked
(hulled)		 编号
Code		 品种名称
Variety
name		 裸（皮）
Naked
(hulled)
1 白燕1号 裸 13 坝莜1号 裸
2 白燕2号 裸 14 坝莜8号 裸
3 白燕3号 裸 15 坝莜18号 裸
4 白燕4号 裸 16 晋燕8号 裸
5 白燕5号 裸 17 晋燕12号 裸
6 白燕6号 皮 18 晋燕13号 裸
7 白燕7号 皮 19 晋燕17号 裸
8 白燕8号 裸 20 晋燕18号 裸
9 白燕10号 裸 21 燕科1号 裸
10 品燕1号 裸 22 陇燕2号 皮
11 品燕2号 裸 23 Banner 皮
12 品燕5号 裸 24 OA1576-4 皮

Fig.1

Selenium contents in different organs of 24 oats varieties after spraying selenium The different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at 0.05 level"

Table 2

Variation of selenium contents in different organs of 24 oats varieties after spraying selenium"

处理
Treatment		 部位
Position		 含量范围
Content range (mg/kg)		 标准差
SD		 变异系数
CV (%)		 最低含量的品种编号
Variety code with minimum content		 最高含量的品种编号
Variety code with maximum content
Se0 根 0.32~0.41 0.02 5.39f 1 15
茎 0.15~0.23 0.03 13.52a 20 10
叶 0.15~0.28 0.03 14.63a 11 10
穗 0.23~0.34 0.03 10.10bc 8 18
籽粒 0.07~0.13 0.01 13.69a 1 18
Se1 根 0.44~0.54 0.03 5.58f 20 10
茎 0.23~0.34 0.03 9.99c 20 2
叶 0.60~0.74 0.04 6.27e 6 23
穗 0.49~0.63 0.04 7.14d 15 2
籽粒 0.20~0.30 0.03 11.55b 16 10
Se2 根 0.50~0.62 0.04 6.35e 6 2
茎 0.36~0.51 0.04 9.59c 16 2
叶 0.98~1.35 0.08 7.40d 16 8
穗 0.74~0.91 0.06 7.26d 22 8
籽粒 0.30~0.44 0.04 12.10b 16 8

Table 3

Grain selenium contents of 24 oats varieties after spraying selenium mg/kg"

编号
Code		 籽粒硒含量Grain selenium content 编号
Code		 籽粒硒含量Grain selenium content 编号
Code		 籽粒硒含量Grain selenium content
Se0 Se1 Se2 Se0 Se1 Se2 Se0 Se1 Se2
1 0.07c 0.36b 0.34a 9 0.09c 0.29b 0.39a 17 0.10c 0.22b 0.32a
2 0.10c 0.29b 0.42a 10 0.12c 0.30b 0.40a 18 0.13c 0.28b 0.36a
3 0.09c 0.29b 0.42a 11 0.09c 0.26b 0.30a 19 0.08c 0.26b 0.33a
4 0.09c 0.24b 0.30a 12 0.09c 0.29b 0.40a 20 0.11c 0.20b 0.31a
5 0.10c 0.28b 0.35a 13 0.10b 0.28a 0.34a 21 0.08c 0.25b 0.33a
6 0.09c 0.23b 0.31a 14 0.12c 0.23b 0.35a 22 0.11c 0.26b 0.32a
7 0.09c 0.30b 0.40a 15 0.11c 0.24b 0.33a 23 0.09c 0.30b 0.40a
8 0.08c 0.30b 0.44a 16 0.10c 0.20b 0.30a 24 0.10c 0.27b 0.34a

Table 4

Variation of grain quality traits in 24 oats varieties after spraying selenium"

指标
Index		 处理
Treatment		 含量范围
Content range (%)		 标准差
SD		 变异系数
CV (%)		 最低含量品种编号
Variety code with minimum content		 最高含量品种编号
Variety code with maximum content
蛋白质Protein Se0 10.04~16.22 1.86 14.86b 15 11
Se1 10.76~18.66 2.36 16.65a 13 9
Se2 10.37~19.24 2.37 17.24a 16 18
脂肪Fat Se0 3.33~10.67 1.73 23.77a 20 22
Se1 3.46~10.79 1.69 22.85a 21 7
Se2 3.87~10.53 1.74 23.74a 21 1
β-葡聚糖 β-glucan Se0 0.52~2.68 0.58 38.04a 19 24
Se1 1.62~4.56 0.87 27.89b 1 3
Se2 1.49~4.03 0.66 24.80c 4 9

Table 5

Grain yields of 24 oats varieties after spraying selenium kg/hm2"

编号
Code		 产量Yield 编号
Code		 产量Yield 编号
Code		 产量Yield 编号
Code		 产量Yield
Se0 Se1 Se2 Se0 Se1 Se2 Se0 Se1 Se2 Se0 Se1 Se2
1 3494.7a 3502.4a 3307.8a 7 3773.8a 3848.7a 3578.6a 13 4211.3a 4298.5a 3747.1a 19 3438.9a 3560.1a 3543.1a
2 3134.5a 3151.5a 3005.6a 8 3653.4a 3733.6a 3364.3a 14 3821.8a 3952.3a 3852.3a 20 2958.1a 3053.6a 3055.5a
3 3172.9a 3214.2a 3180.4a 9 3074.6a 3321.8a 3053.8a 15 4184.9a 4520.0a 4007.4a 21 3183.0a 3259.9a 3414.9a
4 3872.1a 3951.2a 3611.6a 10 3960.0a 4057.6a 3854.6a 16 3280.2a 3478.9a 3284.2a 22 3382.1a 3490.4a 3154.3a
5 3411.0a 3497.8a 3253.3a 11 4062.9a 4109.2a 3032.2b 17 3594.8a 3712.8a 3050.8b 23 3988.2a 4063.7a 3824.6b
6 3975.5a 4052.8a 3911.4a 12 3601.0a 3636.8a 3186.8b 18 3064.9a 3208.2a 3359.6a 24 3926.8a 4144.2a 3607.6b

Fig.2

Thermograms of correlation among grain selenium contents, quality traits and yields of 24 oat varieties (n=72) Y: yield, P: protein, β: β-glucan, Se: selenium, F: fat, the same below"

Fig.3

Yield×quality traits biplot about 24 oat varieties"

Table 6

Comprehensive values of yield×quality traits about 24 oats varieties"

编号
Code		 综合性状值
Synthetic trait value		 稳定性值
Stability trait value		 综合值
Comprehensive value		 编号
Code		 综合性状值
Synthetic trait value		 稳定性值
Stability trait value		 综合值
Comprehensive value
1 21 015.1 -208.6 20 849.0 13 25 503.6 -4155.3 23 645.9
2 20 671.3 -1852.0 21 474.6 14 23 433.1 -2898.7 22 117.7
3 22 897.5 29.4 22 911.9 15 24 268.9 844.6 23 957.2
4 21 342.6 -1156.1 21 825.2 16 18 235.9 1626.4 18 672.4
5 24 705.2 1342.1 24 099.1 17 20 924.3 1266.7 21 237.4
6 25 707.7 4581.0 23 582.5 18 20 612.1 -509.3 20 620.8
7 26 251.7 -4473.6 24 135.5 19 20 347.4 -315.2 20 370.4
8 25 598.8 -4275.4 23 677.2 20 15 014.1 739.0 14 685.1
9 26 648.8 899.3 26 325.6 21 17 810.9 5364.4 20 241.7
10 29 472.4 -2573.9 28 668.5 22 20 233.5 -709.8 20 368.1
11 26 698.8 4559.3 24 617.0 23 28 438.6 1936.5 27 985.2
12 20 492.0 8.8 20 535.7 24 27 378.6 -69.7 27 687.2
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