Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 174-179.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.01.023

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Effects of Nitrogen Dressing Time and Proportion on Wheat Grain Filling and Its Physiological Mechanism

Liu Zhewen1,2(), Guo Dandan1,2, Chang Xuhong1, Wang Demei1, Yang Yushuang1, Liu Xiwei1, Wang Yujiao1,2, Shi Shubing2, Wang Yanjie1(), Zhao Guangcai1()   

  1. 1Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
    2College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2022-08-22 Revised:2022-09-09 Online:2024-02-15 Published:2024-02-20
  • Contact: Wang Yanjie,Zhao Guangcai E-mail:38339393@qq.com;wangyanjie@caas.cn;zhaoguangcai@caas.cn

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Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of nitrogen fertilizer application time and proportion on wheat seed filling characteristics and physiological mechanism, two strong gluten wheat varieties Taishan 27 and Zhongmai 578 were used as experimental materials in the Beijing experimental base of the Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Five nitrogen fertilizer application treatments with nitrogen fertilizer application ratio of 100%:0% (N1), 75%:25% (N2), 50%:50% (N3), 25%:75% (N4) and 0%:100% (N5) were set at the jointing stage and booting stage, respectively. The results showed that under N3 treatment, the net photosynthetic rates of flag leaves, the amount of chlorophyll, and rates of grain filling of Taishan 27 and Zhongmai 578 reached the maximum values and were significantly higher than those obtained from a single top application of nitrogen fertilizer during jointing and booting stages. The total starch content of grains dropped to the lowest value in N4 treatment. In conclusion, the optimal dressing ratio of nitrogen fertilizer at jointing stage and booting stage is 50%:50%, which is a suitable nitrogen fertilizer operation mode to fullly support the photosynthetic performance, grain filling characteristics, and quality indexes of strong gluten wheat plants.

Key words: Winter wheat, Photosynthetic physiology, Grain filling, Quality

Fig.1

Effects of nitrogen topdressing period and proportion on SPAD values of flag leaves after anthesis of wheat Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at 0.05 level."

Fig.2

Dynamic effects of nitrogen topdressing period and proportion on Pn of flag leaves after anthesis of wheat"

Fig.3

Dynamic effects of nitrogen topdressing period and proportion on grain filling rates of wheat"

Fig.4

Dynamic effects of nitrogen topdressing period and proportion on total starch contents in wheat grains"

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