Crops ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 195-201.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.06.027

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Effects of Foliar Spraying Polyaspartic Acid on Growth, Yield and Quality of Flue-Cured Tobacco

Duan Junya1(), Zhao Yuanyuan1, Wei Jianyu2, Wang Dexun3, Wang Zheng2, Wang Tingting1, Shi Hongzhi1()   

  1. 1College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University/Research Center for Tobacco Harm Reduction, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
    2China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co., Ltd., Nanning 530001, Guangxi, China
    3Dali Branch of Yunnan Provincial Tobacco Company, Dali 671000, Yunnan, China
  • Received:2022-11-21 Revised:2022-12-06 Online:2023-12-15 Published:2023-12-15

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Abstract:

In order to improve the growth and quality of flue-cured tobacco, the effects of spraying polyaspartic acid with different concentrations on the growth, yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco were studied with Honghuadajinyuan, which is resistant to black shank, as the test material. The results showed that, the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco plants could be significantly improved with the increase of the concentration of polyaspartic acid sprayed on the leaves, and the chlorophyll content and yield showed an increasing trend, but the increasing trend of 90mg/L tended to be gentle compared with 60mg/L polyaspartic acid treatment. The nitrate content decreased with the increase of polyaspartic acid concentration, and the proportion of medium and high quality tobacco, the total amount of neutral aroma components and the score of sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco were increased first and then decreased. Considering the yield and quality of tobacco leaves, it was appropriate to spray polyaspartic acid on the leaves at a concentration of 60mg/L. Compared with the control, the yield, output value and total aroma components increased by 17.13%, 22.18% and 32.48%, respectively. Therefore, spraying polyaspartic acid of appropriate concentration on tobacco leaves had significant effects on yield and quality.

Key words: Foliar spraying, Polyaspartic acid, Flue-cured tobacco, Tobacco growth, Yield, Quality

Table 1

Effects of polyaspartic acid on growth of flue-cured tobacco cm"

处理
Treatment		 移栽后60d 60 days after transplanting 移栽后70d 70 days after transplanting
株高
Plant height		 茎围
Stem girth		 节距
Pitch		 叶长
Leaf length		 叶宽
Leaf width		 株高
Plant height		 茎围
Stem girth		 节距
Pitch		 叶长
Leaf length		 叶宽
Leaf width
CK 132.50c 10.36b 5.86b 58.79b 23.14b 125.56c 10.99b 5.87b 63.48b 26.16b
T1 136.13b 10.46ab 6.05ab 62.13a 25.80a 127.25b 11.64a 6.12ab 70.68a 29.99a
T2 139.38a 10.51ab 6.11a 62.88a 26.50a 130.19a 11.76a 6.18a 70.94a 30.24a
T3 140.13a 10.78a 6.23a 63.38a 27.54a 130.38a 11.78a 6.25a 72.11a 30.39a

Fig.1

Effects of polyaspartic acid on SPAD value of middle leaves of flue-cured tobacco"

Table 2

Effects of polyaspartic acid on economic characteristics of flue-cured tobacco"

处理
Treatment		 产量
Yield
(kg/667m2)		 均价
（元/kg）
Mean price
(yuan/kg)		 产值
（元/667m2）
Output value
(yuan/667m2)		 中上等烟比例
Proportion of
medium and high
quality tobacco (%)
CK 150.22c 36.63c 5502.56c 82.63c
T1 164.15b 40.21a 6600.47b 90.75a
T2 175.95a 38.21b 6723.05a 86.05b
T3 178.32a 37.68b 6719.10a 85.66b

Table 3

Effects of polyaspartic acid on physical properties of flue-cured tobacco leaves"

部位
Position		 处理
Treatment		 叶长
Leaf length (cm)		 叶宽
Leaf width (cm)		 单叶重
Single leaf weight (g)		 叶质重
Leaf density (g/m2)		 含梗率
Midrib ratio (%)		 长宽比
Length-width ratio
上部Upper CK 64.38c 18.38b 12.18c 113.90b 20.24a 3.50
T1 67.54b 20.31a 13.99b 115.91b 19.66a 3.33
T2 67.63b 20.78a 14.15b 123.94a 19.48a 3.25
T3 70.81a 20.83a 16.93a 125.12a 19.48a 3.40
中部Middle CK 67.58b 24.74b 12.54c 95.40b 24.36a 2.73
T1 73.67a 26.36a 14.98b 98.17b 22.22b 2.79
T2 74.54a 26.78a 15.26b 100.68b 21.00c 2.78
T3 74.89a 27.04a 17.63a 117.16a 19.98c 2.77
下部Lower CK 65.68c 26.10b 8.36c 55.29c 31.17a 2.52
T1 69.00b 28.02a 10.91b 85.06b 26.71b 2.46
T2 71.03ab 29.46a 12.46ab 88.82a 25.51bc 2.41
T3 72.73a 29.68a 13.21a 89.80a 23.94c 2.45

Table 4

Effects of polyaspartic acid on chemical composition content of flue-cured tobacco"

部位
Position		 处理
Treatment		 还原糖
Reducing
sugar (%)		 总糖
Total sugar
(%)		 烟碱
Nicotine
(%)		 总氮
Total nitrogen
(%)		 淀粉
Starch
(%)		 糖碱比
Sugar-
nicotine ratio		 氮碱比
Nitrogen-
nicotine ratio
上部Upper CK 35.78b 37.29bc 2.47ab 2.09a 5.70c 15.10c 0.85b
T1 36.52b 36.95c 2.57a 2.05ab 5.94bc 14.38c 0.80c
T2 37.05ab 39.06b 2.41b 2.00b 6.12b 16.21b 0.83bc
T3 39.60a 43.07a 2.02c 1.83c 6.51a 21.32a 0.91a
中部Middle CK 36.80b 41.40b 1.58d 1.85a 4.88c 26.20a 1.17a
T1 38.96a 41.65b 2.20a 1.82a 5.62b 18.93d 0.83c
T2 38.63a 42.60ab 2.06b 1.73b 5.64b 20.68c 0.84c
T3 39.59a 43.89a 1.70c 1.65c 6.65a 25.82b 0.97b
下部Lower CK 29.11b 30.53b 1.39b 2.02a 4.26d 21.96b 1.45a
T1 36.55a 39.31a 1.71a 1.80b 5.08c 22.99b 1.05c
T2 35.18a 39.35a 1.45b 1.73bc 5.38b 27.14a 1.19b
T3 36.31a 39.48a 1.41b 1.67c 6.24a 28.00a 1.18b

Table 5

Effects of polyaspartic acid on nitrate content in flue-cured tobacco μg/g"

处理
Treatment		 上部叶
Upper leaf		 中部叶
Middle leaf		 下部叶
Lower leaf
CK 245.74a 286.89a 206.24a
T1 217.55b 250.32b 194.55b
T2 212.12b 215.58c 159.94c
T3 209.37b 197.36d 155.81c

Table 6

Effects of polyaspartic acid on the content of nuetral aroma components in the middle leaves of flue-cured tobacco μg/g"

类型
Type		 致香成分
Aroma component		 处理Treatment
CK T1 T2 T3
芳香族氨基酸降解产物
Aromatic amino acid degradation products
 苯甲醛 0.23 0.26 0.31 0.25
苯甲醇 2.71 3.49 2.96 1.97
苯乙醛 0.80 0.75 1.04 0.62
苯乙醇 0.86 1.30 1.03 0.68
小计 4.60c 5.80a 5.34b 3.52d
非酶棕色化反应产物
Non-enzymatic browning reaction products
 糠醛 12.90 13.78 13.71 14.70
糠醇 1.58 1.12 1.40 1.54
2-乙酰基呋喃 0.24 0.22 0.22 0.29
3，4-二甲基-2,5-呋喃二酮 1.68 1.72 1.61 1.67
5-甲基糠醛 0.50 0.49 0.54 0.56
2，6-壬二烯醛 0.95 0.84 0.80 1.06
小计 17.85b 18.17b 18.28b 19.82a
类胡萝卜素降解产物
Carotenoid degradation products
 6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮 1.90 2.10 2.51 2.21
6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-醇 0.53 0.55 0.58 0.59
愈创木酚 4.29 4.25 4.37 4.69
芳樟醇 1.01 1.03 1.05 1.12
β-大马酮 14.74 13.32 14.55 14.74
β-二氢大马酮 3.42 3.13 3.84 2.13
氧化异佛尔酮 0.17 0.15 0.18 0.19
香叶基丙酮 4.10 4.42 4.73 4.49
二氢猕猴桃内酯 1.38 1.22 1.68 1.75
3-羟基-β-二氢大马酮 0.49 0.52 0.65 0.84
巨豆三烯酮1 0.40 0.47 0.53 1.46
巨豆三烯酮2 1.55 1.61 1.97 1.98
巨豆三烯酮3 2.56 4.27 4.50 7.68
巨豆三烯酮4 4.15 4.10 5.17 6.95
螺岩兰草酮 0.62 0.51 1.02 0.58
法尼基丙酮 9.28 8.65 11.35 9.61
藏花醛 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.06
β-环柠檬醛 1.23 1.14 1.38 2.07
小计 51.86c 51.48c 60.10b 63.14a
西柏烷类降解产物
Cyperane degradation products
 茄酮 43.16b 42.71b 45.98b 61.30a
叶绿素降解产物
Chlorophyll degradation products
 新植二烯 188.10c 205.29b 275.11a 206.63b
总量Total aroma 305.57d 323.45c 404.81a 354.41b

Table 7

Effects of polyaspartic acid on the sensory quality of upper and middle leaves of flue-cured tobacco (score)"

部位
Position		 处理
Treatment		 香气质
Aroma quality
（9-0）		 香气量
Aroma quantity
（9-0）		 浓度
Concentration
（9-0）		 杂气
Offensive odor
（9-0）		 劲头
Stiffness
（9-0）		 刺激性
Irritancy
（9-0）		 余味
Remaining taste
（9-0）		 燃烧性
Flammability
（9-0）
上部Upper CK 6.30 6.10 5.90 6.10 5.60 6.50 6.20 6.80
T1 6.50 6.20 6.00 6.10 5.70 6.60 6.30 7.00
T2 6.40 6.50 6.20 6.20 5.80 6.50 6.30 7.00
T3 6.40 6.40 6.10 6.10 5.80 6.50 6.20 6.80
中部Middle CK 6.40 6.00 6.00 6.10 5.50 6.50 6.00 7.00
T1 6.60 6.10 6.00 6.30 5.50 6.50 6.30 7.00
T2 6.60 6.40 6.20 6.20 5.70 6.50 6.30 7.00
T3 6.50 6.30 6.20 6.20 5.60 6.50 6.20 6.80
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