Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 130-137.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.04.016

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Effects of Foliar Spraying Selenium on Physiological Characteristics, Yield and Quality of Flax

Wang Wenxia(), Chang Bokai, Xia Qing, Zhi Hui, Du Jie()   

  1. Department of Biological and Food Engineering, Lüliang University, Lüliang 033000, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2024-04-21 Revised:2024-05-09 Online:2024-08-15 Published:2024-08-14

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Abstract:

In order to explore the regulatory effects of exogenous selenium fertilizer on yield, agronomic traits, physiological characteristics and quality of flax, two flax varieties, Tongya 16 (TY16) and Jinya 10 (JY10), were used as experimental materials, and six different doses of selenium fertilizer, water control (T0), 20 (T1), 30 (T2), 50 (T3), 70 (T4), 90 g/ha NaSeO3 (T5) were used to study the effects of selenium fertilizer on yield, yield components, photosynthetic parameters, antioxidant enzyme activities, malondialdehyde contents, selenium contents and quality of flax. The results showed that T3 treatment significantly increased the yield of TY16 and JY10, which were increased by 9.91% and 12.51% compared with T0 treatment, respectively, mainly due to the increase of fruit number per plant and fruit number per fruit. Compared with T0 treatment, the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and chlorophyll content of leaves under T1-T5 treatments were significantly increased, indicating that photosynthesis was enhanced. The grain selenium content of TY16 and JY10 reached the highest under T5 treatment, which were 0.461 and 0.505 mg/kg, respectively, which were 18.47 and 21.96 times higher than that of T0 treatment. In terms of quality, the content of linoleic acid in seeds were significantly increased by 5.49%-24.56% after application of selenium fertilizer, and the content of linoleic acid in TY16 and JY10 under T3 treatment were increased by 6.96% and 5.84%, respectively, compared with that under T0 treatment. Therefore, the application of 50 g/ha selenium fertilizer not only improved the yield and agronomic traits of flax, but also enhanced the photosynthesis and chlorophyll content, improved the antioxidant capacity of plants, and significantly improved the nutritional value of flax seeds by increasing the content of selenium and the contents of unsaturated fatty acids linoleic acid and linolenic acid in seeds.

Key words: Flax, Foliar spraying selenium, Photosynthesis, Yield, Quality

Table 1

Effects of selenium fertilizer on agronomic traits of flax"

品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant
height (cm)		 工艺长度
Process
length (cm)		 茎粗
Stem
diameter (mm)
同亚16
TY16		 T0 46.91±0.27b 28.10±0.68b 1.81±0.05b
T1 48.77±0.35a 28.64±1.2ab 1.84±0.09ab
T2 49.23±1.14a 29.17±1.06a 1.91±0.05a
T3 50.10±1.55a 29.86±0.86a 1.92±0.06a
T4 48.67±1.12a 29.53±0.89a 1.88±0.05a
T5 47.22±2.16b 29.16±1.29ab 1.83±0.05ab
晋亚10号
JY10		 T0 47.62±1.21b 27.92±0.95b 1.82±0.06b
T1 48.48±2.57ab 28.00±0.91b 1.95±0.07a
T2 49.76±1.65a 30.95±1.65a 2.01±0.08a
T3 50.15±1.16a 31.91±1.22a 2.02±0.06a
T4 50.18±1.75a 30.72±1.26a 1.92±0.04ab
T5 48.97±1.92ab 29.21±1.31b 1.85±0.03b

Table 2

Effects of selenium fertilizer on yield and its components of flax"

品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 单株果数
Pods per plant		 每果粒数
Seeds per pod		 千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 籽粒产量
Yield of seeds (kg/hm2)
同亚16 TY16 T0 13.59±0.59c 6.43±0.23a 5.13±0.05a 758.47±7.96c
T1 14.26±0.32b 6.49±0.25a 5.18±0.03a 765.75±11.18c
T2 14.72±0.37ab 6.55±0.26a 5.21±0.18a 793.20±17.79b
T3 15.29±0.51a 6.66±0.21a 5.17±0.06a 831.60±13.61a
T4 14.89±0.44a 6.82±0.24a 5.11±0.11a 806.40±16.92b
T5 13.92±0.48bc 6.51±0.37a 5.06±0.08a 787.60±15.02b
晋亚10号JY10 T0 13.55±0.56c 6.45±0.23b 5.02±0.05a 766.27±11.49c
T1 14.21±0.39b 6.79±0.18a 5.16±0.09a 777.75±14.02c
T2 14.62±0.62ab 6.93±0.28a 5.05±0.12a 799.50±11.12b
T3 15.27±0.46a 7.06±0.19a 5.07±0.06a 842.20±12.74a
T4 15.08±0.69a 6.87±0.20a 5.02±0.11a 812.10±10.99b
T5 14.36±0.57b 6.67±0.35b 4.91±0.09a 784.60±18.94bc

Fig.1

Effects of selenium fertilizer on photosynthesis of flax Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P < 0.05) among treatments, the same below."

Fig.2

Effects of selenium fertilizer on SPAD value of flax"

Fig.3

Effects of selenium fertilizer on SOD activity and MDA content of flax"

Fig.4

Effects of selenium fertilizer on selenium content of flax seed"

Fig.5

Effects of selenium fertilizer on linoleic acid and linolenic acid contents of flax"

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