Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 23-29.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.03.004

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Analysis of the Improvement Efficiency of F1 Hybrids between Intergeneric Hybrid (Tripidium arundinaceum×Saccharum spontaneum) and Sugarcane

Huang Yuxin(), Zhang Gemin, Zhou Shan, Duan Weixing, Yang Cuifang, Gao Yijing, Zhang Baoqing()   

  1. Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Nanning 530007, Guangxi, China
  • Received:2024-09-03 Revised:2024-12-02 Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-06-03

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Abstract:

The exploration of stress-resistant, strong ratooning ability, and wide adaptability in related sugarcane species such as Tripidium arundinaceum and Saccharum spontaneum renders these species valuable genetic resources for sugarcane breeding. The incorporation of genes from T.arundinaceum and S.spontaneum into sugarcane cultivars via outcrossing promises to expand the genetic diversity of sugarcane, enhance resistance to key pests and diseases, and improve yield. This investigation employed two pairs of EST-SSR primers to confirm the authenticity of the F1 progeny resulting from the cross between sugarcane and the intergeneric hybrid (T.arundinaceum×S.spontaneum), and further analyzed the agronomic characteristics of their F1 generation. The F1 hybrids demonstrated segregation in both phenotypic and agronomic traits. The analysis revealed variability in five agronomic traits - plant height, stalk diameter, single stalk weight, millable stalk number, and brix ranged from 13.76% to 33.51% in the F1 population. The average millable stalk number in the F1 population exceeded that of both parents, while mean plant hight was greater than and stalk diameter equal to the parental averages. The mean single stem weight and brix value were lower than that of the parental average. A total of 68 genuine hybrid F1 were divided into four groups through cluster analysis. Among them, 11 materials such as 221-79 and 221-103 in Group Ⅲ showed better comprehensive performance in agronomic traits such as brix and millable stalk number compared with other groups.

Key words: Sugarcane, Tripidium arundinaceum, Saccharum spontaneum, Hybrid identification, Cluster analysis

Table 1

The names of 68 true hybrid F1"

编号
Code		 名称
Name		 编号
Code		 名称
Name		 编号
Code		 名称
Name		 编号
Code		 名称
Name
1 221-2 18 221-30 35 221-68 52 221-94
2 221-5 19 221-31 36 221-71 53 221-95
3 221-9 20 221-35 37 221-74 54 221-96
4 221-10 21 221-36 38 221-76 55 221-98
5 221-12 22 221-38 39 221-77 56 221-99
6 221-13 23 221-42 40 221-79 57 221-100
7 221-15 24 221-45 41 221-80 58 221-103
8 221-16 25 221-46 42 221-81 59 221-104
9 221-18 26 221-48 43 221-82 60 221-106
10 221-19 27 221-49 44 221-83 61 221-107
11 221-22 28 221-50 45 221-85 62 221-108
12 221-23 29 221-51 46 221-86 63 221-110
13 221-25 30 221-52 47 221-87 64 221-113
14 221-26 31 221-62 48 221-88 65 221-114
15 221-27 32 221-63 49 221-89 66 221-115
16 221-28 33 221-66 50 221-90 67 221-119
17 221-29 34 221-67 51 221-93 68 221-120

Fig.1

Identification of primer ESTC50 in part of F1 progeny M: 600 bp DNA marker; ♀: YT93-159; ♂: GXAS07-6-1, 1-72 are F1 progeny. The same below."

Fig.2

Identification of primer ESTC95 in part of F1 progeny"

Fig.3

Comparison of morphological differences between parents and F1 progeny (a) Leaf, (b) Cane, (c) Pollen staining rate."

Table 2

Comparison of agronomic traits between parents and F1 progeny"

性状
Trait		 亲本Parent F1群体F1 population
YT93-159 GXAS07-6-1 平均值Mean 范围Range 平均值±标准差Mean±SD 变异系数CV (%)
株高Plant height (cm) 275.4 172.0 223.7 162.0~282.0 230.0±33.0 14.36
茎径Stalk diameter (cm) 2.87 0.82 1.85 1.41~2.38 1.84±0.26 13.76
单茎重Single stalk weight (kg) 1.43 0.09 0.76 0.30~1.10 0.63±0.21 33.51
有效茎数Millable stalk number 28.0 35.0 31.5 16.3~59.7 35.6±11.2 33.10
锤度Brix (%) 20.4 10.7 15.6 8.6~16.6 11.6±2.3 19.85

Fig.4

Cluster analysis of F1 population"

Table 3

The main agronomic traits of four groups"

性状
Trait		 类群Group
Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅴ
株高Plant height (cm) 215.0 249.0 245.0 218.0
茎径Stalk diameter (cm) 1.66 2.05 1.75 1.91
单茎重Single stalk weight (kg) 0.47 0.83 0.59 0.63
有效茎数Millable stalk number 39.5 33.6 44.9 26.7
锤度Brix (%) 10.5 11.4 13.1 12.4
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