Crops ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (6): 105-110.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2022.06.015

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Effects of Reduced Chemical Fertilizer on Yield and Main Agronomic Traits of Ratoon Sugarcane under Conditions of Returning Green Mung Bean/Black Bean into Field

Su Lirong1(), Tan Yumo1, Qin Fang1, Li Qin1, Zeng Chengcheng1, Li Zhongyi1, Wei Caihui1, Dong Wenbin1, Liang Jun2, He Tieguang1()   

  1. 1Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, Guangxi, China
    2Guangxi Yipu Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Nanning 530007, Guangxi, China
  • Received:2021-07-28 Revised:2021-09-25 Online:2022-12-15 Published:2022-12-21
  • Contact: He Tieguang E-mail:lirongsu126@126.com;tghe118@163.com

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Abstract:

The impact of intercropping green manure returning to the field on the growth of ratoon sugarcane and the substitution of chemical fertilizer were further discussed under the condition of reducing the application of chemical fertilizer on the basis of new sugarcane intercropping mung bean/black bean. Conventional fertilization (CK) was the control, and the other five treatments lowered chemical fertilizer by 25% and substitution in other ways substitution by 12% nutrient element equivalent from green mung bean and 13% nutrient element equivalent from organic fertilizer (H-LY), substitution by full amount of green mung bean returning to the field (H-LQ), substitution by 25% nutrient element equivalent from organic fertilizer (H-Y), substitution by 25% nutrient element equivalent from green black bean returned to the field (H-HD) and substitution by full amount of green black bean returning to the field (H-HQ). The results showed that there were no significant effects on sugarcane plant height, number of productive tiller, weight of single stem compared with CK treatment. There was no significant difference in cane yield between all treatments. It indicated that intercropping with green manure between ratoon sugarcane line and returned it to the field combined with nutrient element equivalent from organic fertilizer could substitute 25% of sugarcane chemical fertilizer.

Key words: Ratoon sugarcane, Intercropping, Fertilizer reduction, Green manure, Green manure returning to field

Table 1

Dosages of N, P2O5 and K2O in treatments kg/hm2"

处理
Treatment		 N，P2O5和K2O总施肥量
Total content of N, P2O5 and K2O fertilizer		 施肥种类及用量Kinds and amount of fertilizers
尿素
Urea		 钙镁磷肥
Calcium magnesium phosphate		 氯化钾
Potassium chloride		 5%有机肥
Organic fertilizer
N P2O5 K2O
CK 330.0 255.00 360 717 1417 600
H-LY 247.5 191.25 270 538 1063 450 2363
H-LQ 247.5 191.25 270 538 1063 450
H-Y 247.5 191.25 270 538 1063 450 4725
H-HD 247.5 191.25 270 538 1063 450
H-HQ 247.5 191.25 270 538 1063 450

Table 2

Yield and nutrient content of green manure in different intercropping modes kg/hm2"

间作组合
Intercropping mode		 绿肥产量
Yield of green manure		 绿肥养分含量Nutrient content of green manure
N P2O5 K2O
宿根甘蔗间作绿豆绿肥Ratoon sugarcane intercropping mung bean 12 578.40±694.90b 55.60±3.10b 14.50±0.80b 67.60±3.70b
宿根甘蔗间作黑豆绿肥Ratoon sugarcane intercropping black bean 19 045.40±2500.90a 88.90±11.70a 20.00±2.60a 107.10±14.10a

Table 3

Emergence and tillering of ratoon sugarcane in different treatments"

处理
Treatment		 甘蔗发株数
Emergence number
(×104/hm2)		 分蘖数
Tiller number
(×103)		 拔节前总苗数
Total seedlings before
jointing (×104/hm2)
CK 8.82±0.27a 9.33±4.41a 9.76±0.59a
H-LY 9.49±0.65a 7.71±3.31a 10.21±0.71a
H-LQ 9.11±0.39a 12.83±7.68a 10.39±0.65a
H-Y 9.46±0.76a 9.72±4.19a 10.43±0.43a
H-HD 8.22±0.30a 10.33±4.77a 9.25±0.75a
H-HQ 8.37±0.21a 12.39±0.15a 9.61±0.20a

Fig.1

Variation of height of ratoon sugarcane in different treatments Difference small letters represent the significant difference at P < 0.05 level"

Table 4

Characteristics of sugarcane harvest period in different treatments"

处理
Treatment		 茎径
Stalk diameter
(mm)		 有效茎数
Number of productive
tillers (×104 stalk/hm2)		 单茎重
Stalk weight
(kg)		 成茎率
Effective stem
rate (%)		 蔗茎产量
Cane yield
(t/hm2)		 锤度
Brix
CK 27.85±0.34ab 6.74±0.49a 1.76±0.10a 69.43±5.33a 117.90±5.2ab 19.55±0.42a
H-LY 27.09±0.36b 5.98±0.65b 2.01±0.21a 58.51±4.68a 117.50±3.20ab 19.65±0.48a
H-LQ 28.05±0.46ab 6.26±0.37a 1.99±0.12a 60.70±5.26a 123.90±5.70ab 19.74±0.54a
H-Y 26.73±0.40b 7.07±0.38a 1.80±0.12a 69.62±6.58a 126.10±5.00a 19.99±0.61a
H-HD 29.42±1.40a 6.01±0.16a 1.85±0.02a 65.54±3.69a 111.00±4.20b 18.79±0.28a
H-HQ 28.75±0.34ab 6.15±0.19a 1.82±0.08a 64.07±1.27a 111.60±6.90b 18.96±0.52a

Table 5

Analysis of economic benefits in different treatments ×104 yuan/hm2"

处理
Treatment		 蔗茎产值
Cane output		 肥料投入
Fertilizer costs		 种子投入
Seed costs		 人工投入
Labor costs		 总投入
Total costs		 利润
Profits		 产投比
Output to costs ratio
CK 6.13±0.27ab 0.43 0.00 1.73±0.06ab 2.16±0.06b 3.97±0.20a 2.84±0.04bc
H-LY 6.11±0.10ab 0.51 0.01 1.73±0.02ab 2.24±0.02b 3.87±0.08a 2.73±0.02c
H-LQ 6.44±0.30ab 0.32 0.01 1.80±0.07ab 2.12±0.07bc 4.32±0.23a 3.03±0.04a
H-Y 6.56±0.14a 0.70 0.00 1.83±0.04a 2.53±0.04a 4.03±0.12a 2.59±0.02d
H-HD 5.77±0.22b 0.32 0.03 1.65±0.05b 1.97±0.05c 3.80±0.17a 2.93±0.04ab
H-HQ 5.81±0.20b 0.32 0.03 1.66±0.05b 1.98±0.05c 3.83±0.22a 2.94±0.90ab
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