Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 177-183.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.05.024

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Comparative Study on Canopy Temperature, Light and Water Characteristics and Dry Matter Production Characteristics of Organs under Cotton/Peanut Intercropping

Jin Lulu(), Xu Min, Wang Zisheng, Wu Xiaodong()   

  1. Institute of Economic Crops, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Liaoyang 111000, Liaoning, China
  • Received:2024-04-23 Revised:2024-10-12 Online:2025-10-15 Published:2025-10-21

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Abstract:

In order to investigate the differences of canopy temperature, light and water characteristics, organ dry matter accumulation, yield and output value in cotton/peanut intercropping population, four planting patterns were designed to study, namely monoculture of cotton (T1), cotton:peanut = 2:1 (T2), cotton:peanut = 2:2 (T3) and monoculture of peanut (T4). The results showed that the light intensity of the 20 and 40 cm canopy in the intercropping treatment was higher than that in the monoculture treatment, and there was little difference in canopy temperature among all treatments, the humidity was relatively high in monoculture treatment. Before harvest, the order of fresh weight and dry weight of vegetative organs and reproductive organs were T3 > T2 > T1. Compared with monoculture, intercropping had higher boll number per plant and single boll weight, reaching a significant level. The lint percentage and seed index increased slightly, which did not reach a significant level. The number of full pods, pod weight per hill, shelling percentage, 100-pod weight and 100-kernel weight of T4 treatment were higher, and the 100-pod weight was significantly higher than that of T2 treatment. The number of unfilled pods and lateral branches of T2 treatment were the most, which was significantly higher than that of T4 treatment. The output value of T2 and T3 treatments increased by 3.69% and 10.29% respectively compared to T1 treatment, and by 27.63% and 35.74% respectively compared to T4 treatment. It can be seen that intercropping mode can improve the light and humidity conditions in the population, improve the dry matter amount of cotton vegetative organs and reproductive organs, cotton:peanut intercropping at both 2:1 and 2:2 patterns can improve the yield and output value per unit area.

Key words: Cotton, Peanut, Intercropping, Temperature, light, and water, Dry matter

Fig.1

Cotton/peanut planting model diagram"

Fig.2

Horizontal light distribution of canopy in different treatments"

Fig.3

Horizontal temperature distribution of canopy in different treatments"

Fig.4

Horizontal humidity distribution of canopy in different treatments"

Fig.5

Dry matter accumulation in vegetative organs of single cotton plant"

Fig.6

Dry matter accumulation in reproductive organs of single cotton plant"

Table 1

Survey of cotton agronomy and yield traits"

处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 第一果枝高度
First fruit branch
height (cm)		 果枝数
Fruit branch
number		 单株铃数
Number of bolls
per plant		 单铃重
Single boll
weight (g)		 籽指
Seed index
(g)		 衣分
Lint percentage
(%)
T1 69.9±0.62a 27.4±0.32a 7.9±0.12a 8.1±0.15b 5.72±0.07b 9.75±0.07a 42.60±0.44a
T2 70.6±0.17a 27.4±0.21a 8.1±0.15a 9.4±0.06a 6.50±0.04a 10.10±0.15a 42.88±0.31a
T3 71.2±0.66a 28.4±0.32a 8.2±0.15a 9.2±0.10a 6.58±0.12a 10.13±0.08a 43.13±0.19a

Table 2

Agronomic and yield traits of peanut"

处理
Treatment		 单穴荚果数
Pod number per hill		 单穴荚果重
Pod weight
per hill (g)		 出仁率
Shelling
percentage (%)		 百果重
100-pod
weight (g)		 百仁重
100-kernel
weight (g)		 侧枝数
Lateral branch
number
饱果Full pod 秕果Unfilled pod
T2 19.2±1.17a 3.4±0.06a 32.7±0.60a 69.5±1.10a 160.8±1.67b 68.9±1.93a 5.9±0.06a
T3 19.6±1.08a 2.9±0.12ab 33.9±0.66a 70.8±0.95a 165.3±1.20ab 70.7±1.16a 5.8±0.12ab
T4 20.5±1.14a 2.8±0.15b 34.4±0.90a 71.6±1.06a 168.5±1.90a 71.6±1.63a 5.5±0.06b

Table 3

Calculation of output per unit area and total output value of each treatment"

处理
Treatment		 实收籽棉产量
Yield of seed
cotton (kg/m2)		 花生荚果产量
Peanut pod yield
(kg/m2)		 产值（元/hm2）
Output value
(yuan/hm2)
T1 0.328±0.001b － 22 926.4
T2 0.380±0.002a 0.362±0.003b 23 773.5
T3 0.372±0.003a 0.368±0.002ab 25 285.2
T4 － 0.372±0.002a 18 627.0
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