Crops ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 136-142.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.01.020

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Effects of Strip Compound Intercropping under Young Walnut Forest on Soybean Growth and Yield

Zhao Jingyun(), Lü Xinyun, Liu Xiaorong, Ren Haihong, Ren Xiaojun, Ma Junkui()   

  1. The Industrial Crop Institute, Shanxi Agricultural University, Fenyang 032200, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2021-10-08 Revised:2022-01-22 Online:2023-02-15 Published:2023-02-22

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Abstract:

In order to find out the growth change and nutritional characteristics of soybean varieties intercropped under young walnut forest, six soybean varieties were used as material for strip intercropping under 5-year young walnut forest. At the same time, the growth characteristics of each variety were recorded by single comparison, and the dry matter accumulation of each variety at different growth stages, the protein and fat content and grain yield of mature seeds were measured. The results showed that the growth period of soybean was prolonged by 4-8 days and the lodging resistance was reduced by strip intercropping soybean under walnut forest. With the increase of plant height and pod height, the number of branches decreased, but the number of main stem nodes did not change significantly. Dry matter accumulation in each growth stage was lower than that of monoculture, and the effects at seedling stage and flowering stage were not significant, but the effects at grain filling stage and mature stage were significant. The crude protein content of Jindou 42 was higher than that of monoculture, and the increasing amount was different. The fat content was lower than that of monoculture, and Jindou 42 was significantly lower. Grain yield was significantly lower than that of monoculture. Fendou 93 had the longest growth period, the highest plant height and lodging, and had the most yield reduction of 59.03%, while Jindou 25 with a short growth period had the least yield reduction of 49.04%. Among the six varieties, Fendou 78 had the highest yield with 1617.5kg/ha in intercropping pattern, followed by Fendou 56 (1481.5kg/ha). Intercropping soybean under young walnut forest would delay the maturity of soybean, increase plant height, decrease branch number and dry matter accumulation, increase crude protein content, decrease crude fat content and significantly decrease soybean yield.

Key words: Compound strip intercropping, Soybean, Young walnut forest, Yield

Table 1

Plant characteristics and stress resistance of different soybean varieties"

品种
Variety		 生育期Growth period (d) 倒伏性Lodging property
单作模式Monoculture 复合间作Compound intercropping 单作模式Monoculture 复合间作Compound intercropping
汾豆78 Fendou 78 137 142 不倒 不倒
晋豆19 Jindou 19 122 127 不倒 不倒
晋豆42 Jindou 42 135 140 不倒 不倒
晋豆25 Jindou 25 112 116 不倒 不倒
汾豆56 Fendou 56 138 144 不倒 不倒
汾豆93 Fendou 93 138 146 不倒 中倒

Table 2

Effects of planting patterns on plant characters of soybean varieties"

种植模式
Planting pattern		 品种
Variety		 株高
Plant height (cm)		 底荚高度
Height of bottom pod (cm)		 有效分枝数
Number of effective branch		 主茎节数
Number of main stem nodes
单作模式Monoculture 汾豆78 116.70±0.61d 12.47±1.14d 2.07±0.07a 21.27±0.24a
晋豆19 112.47±0.43e 8.87±0.82ef 2.20±0.12a 15.67±0.27c
晋豆42 94.47±0.48h 7.60±0.46fg 2.07±0.18a 15.60±0.50c
晋豆25 84.13±0.88j 5.20±0.20h 2.20±0.12a 12.47±0.37d
汾豆56 107.97±1.32f 7.67±0.47fg 2.07±0.13a 15.73±0.18c
汾豆93 136.77±1.29b 20.00±0.61b 1.93±0.07a 20.80±0.72ab
复合间作Compound intercropping 汾豆78 122.30±0.25c 15.67±0.58c 1.07±0.07bc 20.07±0.77ab
晋豆19 117.67±0.84d 10.53±0.41e 1.33±0.07b 15.13±0.27c
晋豆42 98.83±0.37g 8.73±0.35ef 1.33±0.07b 15.00±0.20c
晋豆25 87.63±0.72i 6.00±0.31gh 1.13±0.07bc 11.27±0.47d
汾豆56 111.63±0.62e 9.60±0.53e 1.27±0.07bc 15.53±0.13c
汾豆93 142.07±0.88a 22.47±0.58a 1.00±0.12c 19.73±0.29b

Table 3

Effects of planting patterns on dry matter accumulation of soybean varieties g"

种植模式
Planting pattern		 品种
Variety		 苗期
Seedling stage		 盛花期
Blooming period		 鼓粒期
Grain bulging stage		 成熟期
Mature period
单作模式Monoculture 汾豆78 5.43±0.20abc 13.37±0.09bcd 22.27±0.23b 25.83±0.33b
晋豆19 5.43±0.12abc 12.83±0.20cdef 17.33±0.32e 20.30±0.32e
晋豆42 5.57±0.03abc 12.70±0.06def 18.60±0.32d 21.83±0.38d
晋豆25 5.40±0.10abc 12.03±0.48efg 16.5±0.35ef 17.50±0.44f
汾豆56 5.77±0.20ab 13.83±0.23ab 22.93±0.48b 23.90±0.61c
汾豆93 5.90±0.10a 14.70±0.26a 25.83±0.38a 29.10±0.35a
复合间作Compound intercropping 汾豆78 5.30±0.12bc 12.17±0.29cdef 20.63±0.66c 24.53±0.03c
晋豆19 5.13±0.22c 11.87±0.23fg 15.87±0.17f 17.33±0.69f
晋豆42 5.40±0.06abc 12.10±0.26efg 17.07±0.38ef 19.97±0.42e
晋豆25 5.03±0.27c 11.30±0.49g 14.27±0.29g 16.03±0.70g
汾豆56 5.33±0.19bc 12.93±0.44bcde 19.23±0.75d 21.17±0.26de
汾豆93 5.77±0.17ab 13.73±0.23bc 22.10±0.35b 23.77±0.03c

Fig.1

Effects of different planting patterns on crude protein content of soybean Different letters indicate significant difference (P < 0.05), the same below"

Fig.2

Effects of different planting patterns on fat content of soybean"

Fig.3

Yield performance of intercropping soybean varieties under young walnut forests"

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