Crops ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 148-153.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.03.020

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Effects of Nitrogen Application Levels on Yield and Quality of Different Strong Gluten Wheat Varieties

Li Junzhi1,2(), Chang Xuhong1, Wang Demei1, Wang Yanjie1, Yang Yushuang1, Zhao Guangcai1()   

  1. 1Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
    2Liaoning Institute of Dryland Agriculture and Forestry Research, Chaoyang 122000, Liaoning, China
  • Received:2022-05-17 Revised:2022-07-06 Online:2023-06-15 Published:2023-06-16

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Abstract:

Exploring the effects of nitrogen fertilizer treatment on the yield and quality of strong gluten wheat varieties, and provide technical reference for high quality and high yield cultivation of strong gluten wheat. Under the conditions of the field experiment, a split-plot experimental design was adopted, and three representative strong gluten wheat varieties, Gaoyou 2018 (A1), Shiluan 02-1 (A2) and Shiyou 20 (A3), were used as the experimental materials. Four nitrogen application levels, 0 (N0), 180 (N1), 240 (N2) and 300kg/ha (N3), were set to study the yield and its components, grain protein and its component contents. The results showed that under the same nitrogen application rate, the grain yield and 1000-grain weight of Shiyou 20 were higher than those of the other two varieties, and the bulk weight and grain protein content of Gaoyou 2018 were higher than those of the other two varieties. In different treatment combinations, with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application rate, the number of spikes per unit area, the number of grains per spike, grain yield, the contents of grain protein, albumin, globulin and glutenin increased, the content of gliadin showed a trend of first increase and then decrease, but it was not conducive to the increase of 1000-grain weight and bulk weight; the grain yield was the highest in the N2 treatment, and the protein content was the highest in the N3 treatment. Shiyou 20 had the highest yield, Gaoyou 2018 had the highest grain protein content, and Shiluan 02-1 had better comprehensive performance. Therefore, under the condition of the nitrogen fertilizer topdressing ratio of 5:5, and the nitrogen fertilizer application in the jointing period, applying pure nitrogen 240kg/ha for Shiyou 20 and Gaoyou 2018 and applying pure nitrogen 180kg/ha for Shiluan 02-1 were beneficial to improve grain yield, protein and its component contents, which could reach the goal of synergistic improvement of yield and quality.

Key words: Nitrogen treatment, Strong gluten wheat, Yield, Quality

Table 1

Differences in agronomic traits and yield among strong gluten wheat varieties"

处理
Treatment		 穗数
Number of spikes (×104/hm2)		 穗粒数
Kernels per spike		 千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 容重
Bulk weight (g/L)		 籽粒产量
Grain yield (kg/hm2)
A1 1051.33a 26.11a 31.32b 808.42a 7352.81b
A2 1002.00a 27.88a 31.11b 802.33b 7773.08ab
A3 922.00b 27.70a 33.42a 771.83c 8189.27a

Table 2

Effects of nitrogen fertilizer treatments on agronomic traits and yield of strong gluten wheat"

处理
Treatment		 穗数
Number of spikes (×104/hm2)		 穗粒数
Kernels per spike		 千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 容重
Bulk weight (g/L)		 籽粒产量
Grain yield (kg/hm2)
N0 790.22b 25.52b 34.51a 808.89a 7464.00b
N1 1053.33a 26.31ab 31.40b 792.89b 7865.31ab
N2 1038.22a 28.96a 31.81b 792.61b 8004.20a
N3 1085.33a 28.12ab 30.07c 782.39c 7753.37ab

Table 3

Effects of nitrogen application rate and variety interaction on agronomic traits and yield of strong gluten wheat"

处理
Treatment		 穗数
Number of spikes (×104/hm2)		 穗粒数
Kernels per spike		 千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 容重
Bulk weight (g/L)		 籽粒产量
Grain yield (kg/hm2)
N0A1 829.33ef 25.87abcd 33.90b 824.33a 7087.56f
N0A2 776.00f 23.93d 33.32bc 817.17b 7381.21ef
N0A3 765.33f 26.77abcd 36.32a 785.17c 7923.24bcde
N1A1 1126.67ab 26.23abcd 30.61efg 806.17a 7422.10def
N1A2 1069.33abc 27.10abcd 30.83ef 804.50a 7950.62abcde
N1A3 964.00cd 25.60bcd 32.77bcd 768.00b 8188.63ab
N2A1 1145.33a 27.63abcd 31.49de 806.67a 7533.21cdef
N2A2 1037.33abcd 31.10a 31.26de 798.50a 7985.17abcd
N2A3 932.00de 28.13abcd 32.67bcd 772.67b 8528.76a
N3A1 1104.00ab 24.70cd 29.28fg 796.50a 7368.35ef
N3A2 1125.33ab 29.37abcd 29.03g 789.17a 7775.27bcde
N3A3 1026.67bcd 30.30ab 31.90cde 761.50b 8116.45abc

Table 4

Differences of protein and its component contents among different strong gluten wheat varieties %"

处理
Treatment		 蛋白质
Protein		 清蛋白
Albumin		 球蛋白
Globulin		 醇溶蛋白
Gliadin		 谷蛋白
Glutenin
A1 14.72a 2.77a 1.67a 3.95ab 5.81a
A2 14.55a 2.56b 1.53b 4.32a 4.95b
A3 13.14b 2.41b 1.44b 3.66b 4.92b

Table 5

Effects of nitrogen fertilizer treatments on the contents of protein and its components in strong gluten wheat %"

处理
Treatment		 蛋白质
Protein		 清蛋白
Albumin		 球蛋白
Globulin		 醇溶蛋白
Gliadin		 谷蛋白
Glutenin
N0 12.38c 2.52b 1.34c 3.19b 4.43b
N1 14.51b 2.60b 1.63ab 3.93a 5.36a
N2 14.63b 2.46b 1.49bc 4.50a 5.46a
N3 15.03a 2.74a 1.73a 4.30a 5.64a

Fig.1

Effects of nitrogen application rate on grain protein contents of different varieties The different small letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05)"

Table 6

Effects of nitrogen fertilizer treatment and variety interaction on protein and its components contents of strong gluten wheat %"

处理
Treatment		 蛋白质
Protein		 清蛋白
Albumin		 球蛋白
Globulin		 醇溶蛋白
Gliadin		 谷蛋白
Glutenin
N0A1 13.35ef 2.77ab 1.51cde 3.63bcd 5.34cd
N0A2 12.89f 2.60bcd 1.32ef 3.15cd 4.15e
N0A3 10.91g 2.42cd 1.20f 2.77d 3.81e
N1A1 14.68bcd 2.66bc 1.77ab 3.64bcd 6.30a
N1A2 14.61bcd 2.49bcd 1.48cde 4.02abc 4.91d
N1A3 13.60ef 2.29d 1.35def 4.12abc 4.88d
N2A1 15.42ab 2.63bc 1.60abc 4.11abc 5.54bcd
N2A2 14.89bc 2.46bcd 1.51cde 5.03a 5.54bcd
N2A3 13.83de 2.40cd 1.48cde 3.41bcd 5.67abc
N3A1 15.44ab 3.00a 1.78ab 4.41ab 6.05ab
N3A2 15.83a 2.67bc 1.83a 5.08a 5.19cd
N3A3 14.22cde 2.54bcd 1.57bcd 4.36ab 5.31cd
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